超声在遵循加速康复外科策略下监测高龄患者胃排空情况及预防反流误吸的临床研究

目的 研究分析采用超声在遵循加速康复外科（ERAS）策略下监测高龄患者胃排空情况及预防反流误吸的临床疗效。方法 选取2020年7月至12月江门市五邑中医院及开平市中医院收治的60例拟择期行上腹部手术的高龄患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组（30例）与试验组（30例）,对照组于术前晚22∶00后要求患者一直保持禁饮禁食,试验组于术前2 h给予患者400 ml碳水化合物口服。两组患者进入麻醉准备间后,予超声监测患者胃排空情况和评估反流误吸风险。比较两组的右侧卧位的胃容量、胃窦横截面积、胃容积体重比、反流误吸风险。结果 两组患者的胃容量、胃窦横截面积、胃容积体重比、反流误吸风险比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 高龄患者遵循ERAS策略可利用超声监测胃排空情况及预防反流误吸。     

冻融后移植的小鼠卵巢组织对促性腺激素的反应

目的 探讨冻融后移植的小鼠卵巢组织对促性腺激素的反应.方法 将36只性成熟雌性小白鼠随机分为新鲜移植组、冻融移植组和对照组,每组12只.新鲜移植组小鼠切除双侧卵巢,将卵巢切成小组织块,立即移植人双侧肾被膜下;冻融移植组小鼠切除双侧卵巢,将卵巢切成小组织块,采用玻璃化冷冻方法冷冻保存,2周后将冷冻卵巢组织复苏,移植入小鼠双侧肾被膜下.卵巢组织移植2周后,新鲜移植组和冻融移植组每组随机取6只小鼠应用7.5 IU人绝经期促性腺激素及10 IU绒毛膜促性腺激素,观察移植后的卵巢组织对促性腺激素的反应.同时应用免疫组化染色方法观察各组卵泡中卵泡刺激素受体的表达情况.结果 新鲜移植组、冻融移植组和对照组未应用促性腺激素小鼠卵巢组织内近成熟卵泡百分率分别为2.3%、2.3%和2.6%,应用促性腺激素小鼠卵巢组织内近成熟卵泡百分率分别为4.2%、4.0%和5.8%,各组内分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);新鲜移植组和冻融移植组与对照组比较,差异均元统计学意义(P＞0.05).新鲜移植组、冻融移植组和对照组卵泡刺激素受体表达积分吸光度值在窦状卵泡中分别为9408±2777、9175±3093和8838±2064,在窦前卵泡中分别为4531±1903、4808±1386和5516±1136,各组间分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 卵巢组织冷冻保存、复苏及移植过程未影响卵巢卵泡刺激素受体的表达,冻融后移植的小鼠卵巢组织对外源性促性腺激素的反应未受冷冻、复苏及移植等过程影响.     

不同剂量甘露醇单用或合用速尿治疗颅高压的疗效观察

目的观察不同剂量甘露醇单用或合用速尿治疗颅高压的疗效。方法对60例各种原因行脑外科手术后出现颅内压增高的患者、依据使用不同剂量甘露醇单用或加用速尿而分为半量甘露醇(0.5 g/kg)组(A组)、全量甘露醇(1.0 g/kg)组(B组)、半量甘露醇 速尿(20 mg)组(C组)及全量甘露醇 速尿(20 mg)组(D组),通过颅内压监测,观察各组降低颅内压的效率、血浆渗透压及肾功能改变。结果(1)在降低颅内压的有效率、颅内压反跳率、药效持续时间上,C、D组明显优于A、B组(均P<0.05);降压幅度4组间差异无显著性。(2)连续降颅压治疗第5 d及第7 d时,各组均出现血浆渗透压的升高,与C组相比,B、D组升高更明显(P<0.05~0.01)。(3)连续使用甘露醇第5 d、7 d,与C组相比,B、D组血尿素氮、肌酐明显升高(均P<0.05)。结论半量甘露醇 速尿治疗颅内压增高疗效佳、安全性高。     

神经内镜手术对幕上高血压性脑出血患者的疗效分析：一项单中心、回顾性、对照研究

目的：探讨神经内镜手术治疗幕上高血压性脑出血的效果。方法 ：回顾性选取2022年1月至2022 年12月我中心收治的42例幕上高血压性脑出血手术患者,以治疗方式分为神经内镜组和开颅手术组。神经内镜组患者采用神经内镜手术治疗,共22例;开颅手术组患者采用传统开颅手术,共20例。对比两组患者术后残余血肿量、术后3月mRS评分、死亡率及并发症率。结果：神经内镜组的术后残余血肿量小于15ml的患者比率77.3%（17/22）高于开颅手术组35.0%（7/20）,差异有统计学意义（P=0.022）;神经内镜组和开颅手术组的患者中,术后3个月预后良好的患者分别为14例（63.6%）和4例（20.0%）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）;开颅手术组中,1名（5.0%）患者发生了术后再出血,而神经内镜组中,1名（4.5%）患者发生了术后再出血,差异有统计学意义（P=0.001）;两组手术患者的肺部感染发生率均为100%,差异无统计学意义（P=1.000）;神经内镜组的术后死亡率13.6%（3/22）也低于开颅手术组30.0%（6/20）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。结论：神经内镜手术治疗可提高幕上高血压性脑出血患者的血肿清除率,降低并发症发生率及死亡率,改善患者预后。     

Vitamin Supplementation Protects against Nanomaterial-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Damages: A Meta-Analysis of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

The extensive applications of nanomaterials have increased their toxicities to human health. As a commonly recommended health care product, vitamins have been reported to exert protective roles against nanomaterial-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. However, there have been some controversial conclusions in regards to this field of research. This meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the roles and mechanisms of vitamins for cells and animals exposed to nanomaterials. Nineteen studies (seven in vitro, eleven in vivo and one in both) were enrolled by searching PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases. STATA 15.0 software analysis showed vitamin E treatment could significantly decrease the levels of oxidants [reactive oxygen species (ROS), total oxidant status (TOS), malondialdehyde (MDA)], increase anti-oxidant glutathione peroxidase (GPx), suppress inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, IgE), improve cytotoxicity (manifested by an increase in cell viability and a decrease in pro-apoptotic caspase-3 activity), and genotoxicity (represented by a reduction in the tail length). These results were less changed after subgroup analyses. Pooled analysis of in vitro studies indicated vitamin C increased cell viability and decreased ROS levels, but its anti-oxidant potential was not observed in the meta-analysis of in vivo studies. Vitamin A could decrease MDA, TOS and increase GPx, but its effects on these indicators were weaker than vitamin E. Also, the combination of vitamin A with vitamin E did not provide greater anti-oxidant effects than vitamin E alone. In summary, we suggest vitamin E alone supplementation may be a cost-effective option to prevent nanomaterial-induced injuries.     

Association of Dietary Inflammatory Potential with Blood Inflammation: The Prospective Markers on Mild Cognitive Impairment

Inflammation is known as an important mechanism of cognitive dysfunction. Systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and system inflammation response index (SIRI) are two blood inflammatory markers, which are related to many chronic diseases including cognitive impairment. It is recognized that dietary inflammatory index (DII), which is used to estimate the overall inflammatory potential of diet, may be related to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as well. This study aimed to explore the relationship between SII, SIRI and DII, as well as the role of these inflammatory indexes on MCI in elderly people. A total of 1050 participants from Beijing were included. Neuropsychological tests were used for cognitive evaluation. Energy-adjusted DII scores were calculated based on semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Blood samples were tested for calculating SII and SIRI. Log-binomial regression models were used to estimate the correlation of indexes. After adjusting demographic characteristics, SII and SIRI in MCI individuals were higher than controls (p ≤ 0.001). DII, SII and SIRI had positive relationship with MoCA scores (p < 0.005). DII also correlated with SIRI in MCI (β = 0.11, p = 0.031). Higher DII and SIRI could definitely increase the risk of MCI, as well as DII and SII (p < 0.005). In conclusion, DII was positively correlated with blood inflammation. The elderly with higher level of DII and SIRI, or DII and SII could be considered as people with higher risk of developing MCI.     

神经性吞咽障碍不同浓度钡液吞咽造影检查分析

目的探讨神经性吞咽障碍不同浓度钡液吞咽造影检查的影像学特点。方法入选新发脑卒中合并吞咽障碍患者90例,随机分为100%钡液吞咽造影检查组、45%钡液吞咽造影检查组及对照组,每组30例,前两组分别采用相应浓度钡液调配的食物进行造影检查。结果 100%钡液吞咽造影检查组与45%钡液吞咽造影检查组两组造影结果均能显示患者口腔期及咽期的滞留、返流、误吸、隐匿性误吸及清除情况,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),三组卒中后肺炎的发生率无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论 45%钡液及100%钡液吞咽造影检查均能安全有效地反映神经性吞咽障碍患者的吞咽功能,指导吞咽障碍的康复治疗。     

结核杆菌HSP65与IL—12多价DNA疫苗的构建

[目的]构建结核杆菌H37RV株HSP65基因与IL-12基因的共表达载体pVIVO2-HSP65-IL-12,并研究其在Vero—E6细胞内表达的可行性,为新一代结核多价DNA疫苗寻找理论依据。[方法]采用PCR技术,从培养的结核杆菌H37RV中抽提HSP65基因,克隆到pVIVO2-MCS上的一个多克隆位点,构建pVIVO2-HSP65,将质粒pORF—IL-12上的IL-12基因经双酶切后,亚克隆到pVIVO2-HSP65上,构建成共表达载体pVIVO2-HSP65-IL-12。并经XbaⅠ／AvrⅡ和NcoⅠ／NheⅠ进行双酶切和测序鉴定;用间接免疫荧光法（IFA）检测HSP65和mIL-12基因在Vero—E6细胞中的表达。[结果]双酶切和测序分析证明HSP65基因和mIL-12基因成功克隆到pVIVO2-MCS上,且方向正确,序列无突变;间接免疫荧光试验结果为阳性。[结论]共表达载体pVIVO2-HSP65-IL-12构建成功,且pVIVO2-HSP65-IL-12可在Vero—E6细胞中获得共表达。     

The homeostatic malfunction of a novel feedback pathway formed by lncRNA021545, miR-330-3p and epiregulin contributes in hepatocarcinoma progression via mediating epithelial-mesenchymal transition

A better understanding of tumor metastasis is urgently required for the treatment and prognosis of hepatocarcinoma patients. Current work contributes a novel ceRNA feedback regulation pathway composed of epiregulin (EREG), microRNA-330-3p (miR-330-3p) and long non-coding RNA 021545 (lncRNA021545) in regulating hepatocarcinoma malignancy via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Closely correlated, the deficiencies of EREG and lncRNA021545 and the overexpression of miR-330-3p were involved in the clinical progression of hepatocarcinoma. In vitro results showed that 1) lncRNA021545 downregulation promoted, 2) miR-330-3p dysexpression positively correlated, and 3) EREG dysexpression reversely correlated with the migratory and invasive properties of hepatocarcinoma HCCLM3 and Huh7 cell lines. By directly binding to EREG and lncRNA021545, miR-330-3p expression change reversely correlated with their expressions in HCCLM3 and Huh7 cells, which was also confirmed in primary tumors from HCCLM3-xenograft mice in responding to miR-330-3p change. LncRNA021545 and EREG positively regulated each other, and lncRNA021545 negatively regulated miR-330-3p, while, EREG dysregulation unchanged miR-330-3p expression in hepatocarcinoma cells. Furthermore, systemic in vitro cellular characterizations showed that the malfunctions of the three molecules mediated the invasiveness of hepatocarcinoma cells via EMT process through affecting the expressions of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin, snail and slug, which was further confirmed by in vivo miR-330-3p promotion on the tumorigenicity and metastasis of HCCLM3 bearing nude mice and by in vitro miR-330-3p promotion on the migration and invasion of hepatocarcinoma cells to be antagonized by EREG overexpression through acting on EMT process. Our work indicates, that by forming a circuit signaling feedback pathway, the homeostatic expressions of lncRNA021545, miR-330-3p and EREG are important in liver health. Its collapse resulted from the downregulations of lncRNA021545 and EREG together with miR-330-3p overexpression promote hepatocarcinoma progression by enhancing the invasiveness of tumor cells through EMT activation. These discoveries suggest that miR-330-3p/lncRNA021545/EREG axis plays a critical role in hepatocarcinoma progression and as a candidate for its treatment.     

Vascular air embolism during percutaneous nephrolithotomy without pneumopyelogram: a case report of successful rescue

Vascular air embolism (VAE) is a rare complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Paradoxical air embolization resulting from VAE may be more likely to occur in patients with an atrial-septal defect, such as patent foramen ovale. Here, the case of a female patient with VAE that occurred during percutaneous nephrolithotomy is presented. Although the patient was diagnosed with patent foramen ovale, she recovered well without any severe paradoxical air embolization symptoms. To our knowledge, this is the first report of VAE with paradoxical air embolization that occurred in a patient with patent foramen ovale during percutaneous nephrolithotomy that was conducted without pneumopyelography.