提上睑肌三阶梯手术矫正上睑下垂的临床应用

目的 探讨提上睑肌三阶梯手术矫正上睑下垂的适应范围及效果。方法 根据提上睑肌肌力和上睑下垂的程度，将患者分为三组。A组为提上睑肌肌力好，上睑呈轻度下垂者。单纯采用提上睑肌徙前术矫正。B组为提上睑肌有一定的肌力，上睑呈中度下垂者。在提上睑肌徙前术的基础上。行提上睑肌缩短术矫正。C组为提上睑肌肌力差，上睑呈重度下垂者。在提上睑肌徙前、缩短术的基础上行提上睑肌反折悬吊术矫正。结果 87例患者术后随访6～30个月，上睑缘位于角膜缘下1mm．眼睑弧度自然，两眼对称，眼睑闭合自如，无暴露性角膜炎及结膜脱垂等并发症，效果满意。结论 提上睑肌徙前、缩短、反折悬吊三阶梯手术，可广泛适用于矫正不同程度的上睑下垂。     

手法治疗肘关节错缝86例

2000年1月-2005年10月共治疗肘关节错缝86例,临床效果满意,现报告如下。1临床资料86例中男61例,女25例;年龄13~46岁。受伤机制:均为跌倒时手掌着地,肘关节过伸导致。摄X线片未见骨折及关节异常。肘关节伸屈活动障碍,伸20°~40°,屈90°~110°,屈伸平均(70·57°±3·01°)的活动范围。肘关节轻度肿胀,以内后方为甚,压痛点为尺骨半月切迹的内侧,强作旋后活动时会引起剧烈疼痛,肘三角正常。受伤至就诊时间1~3 d,平均1·5 d。2治疗方法2·1复位左肘错缝者坐于靠背椅上,助手立于患者侧背后方,紧握患者上臂,术者于患者前侧,左手握患者腕部,右手…     

从腹腔镜修补术纵观腹壁切口疝术式探索

腹壁切口疝是腹部手术后的常见并发症,其发生率可达2%～11%.随着时间的推移,疝内容物会逐渐增大,影响患者的日常生活,降低手术后的生活质量.而且腹壁切口疝不能自行愈合,手术是主要的治疗方法.     

氧化苦参碱抑制人肝癌细胞EGF和EGFR表达的研究

目的:探讨氧化苦参碱对人肝癌细胞EGF及EGFR表达的影响。方法:将肝癌细胞株BEL-7402在37℃、5%CO2条件下培养、传代。按氧化苦参碱浓度分为1000μg/ml、500μg/ml、250μg/ml3组,对照组不加氧化苦参碱,每组设6个平行孔,每孔加入细胞1×105/ml,培养24h、48h和72h,分别进行EGF及EGFR的免疫组化染色。结果:不同浓度的氧化苦参碱均抑制EGF和EGFR在人肝癌细胞的表达,随着培养时间的延长,EGF和EGFR表达阳性率下降显著,在1000μg/ml组24h、48h和72h的EGF和EGFR阳性率均较500μg/ml组和250μg/ml组同时段的阳性率下降显著(P〈0.05,P〈0.01)。500μg/ml组和250μg/ml组同时段的阳性率无明显差异。结论:氧化苦参碱对EGF和EGFR的抑制途径可能是其抗肝癌机制之一。     

低蛋白饮食对环孢素A肾病大鼠肾间质纤维化的作用

Objective To investigate whether low-protein diet has protective effect on the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis in rats with cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced nephropathy. Methods Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (6 rats in each group). The rats in control group (C group) received common diet; in model group (M group) low-salt diet; in intervention group (Ⅰ group) low-salt and low-protein diet. After diet adaptation period of one week, the rats in C group received subcutaneous injection of olive oil 1 mg/kg daily for 5 weeks, while M group and Ⅰ group subcutaneous injection of CsA (diluted into 25 g/L with olive oil) 1 ml/kg for 5 weeks. All the rats were sacrificed at the end of the 5th week. The food-intake and body weight were measured daily. The creatinine clearance (Ccr) was examined before rats were sacrificed. The semi-quantitative pathological analysis on kidney sections was performed. The mRNA and protein expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-βI) and type Ⅰ collagen (Col Ⅰ) in kidney tissue was determined with real time PCR and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. Results The food-intake and body weight of rats in M and I groups were significantly lower than those in C group (P<0.05). Compared with C group, the Ccr levels in M and Ⅰ groups were significantly reduced [(0.65±0.15) ml/min, (0.40+0.13) ml/min vs (1.55±0.29) ml/min, P<0.05], the relative fibrosis areas of kidney interstitium in M and I groups were significantly increased (3.60%±0.46%, 3.26%±0.75% vs 0.44%±0.24%, P<0.05), the mRNA and protein expression of TGF-β1 in M and I group was significantly up-regulated (by 2.6 and 3.1 times in mRNA and by 1.5 and 1.6 times in protein, respectively, P<0.05), and the mRNA and protein expression of Col Ⅰ in M and I groups was also significantly up-regulated (by 3.0 and 3.5 times in mRNA and by 2.3 and 2.1 times in protein, respectively, P<0.05). There were no significant differences between M and I groups in every parameters above-mentioned except the rat body weight and Ccr. Both the body weight and Ccr in Ⅰ group were significantly lower than those in M group (P<0.05). Compared with C group, the urine osmotic pressure in M group and in I group were deceased (for M group, P>0.05; for I group, P<0.05). Compared with C group, the serum cholesterol levels in M and I groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the serum phosphorus level in I group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The levels of serum albumin and serum calcium of all three groups had no statistical differences (P>0.05). Conclusion Low-protein diet has no renoprutective effects on the rat model of cyclosporin A nephropathy, on the contrary, may induce body weight loss.     

经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双钢板治疗肱骨髁间骨折

[目的]探讨经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路应用肱骨内、外髁解剖钢板治疗肱骨髁间骨折的方法和临床疗效。[方法]2002年7月-2006年3月采用经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路结合肱骨内、外髁解剖钢板治疗肱骨髁间骨折26例，男19例，女7例；年龄15-46岁，平均35岁。按照Riseborough和Radin的分类方法，Ⅱ型6例，Ⅲ型18例，Ⅳ型2例。[结果]术后25例骨折复位满意，1例复位稍差，无切口感染，1例术中牵拉损伤尺神经，22例获得随访，时间6～19个月，平均13．5个月。尺神经损伤恢复，骨折全部愈合，无内固定松动及断裂，愈合时间14～24周，平均17周。根据改良的Cassebaum评分系统评价肘关节功能，其中优5例，良13例，可3例，差1例，优良率81．8％。[结论]经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路显露骨折充分，肱骨内、外髁解剖钢板固定肱骨髁间骨折牢固可靠，能有效的防止骨折不愈合，并可满足患者早期进行关节功能锻炼。     

连续浅缝法修补膜周型室间隔缺损

目的探讨连续浅缝法修补单纯膜周型室间隔缺损(pVSD)法的效果。方法选取2002年1月至2004年10月我院收治的体重10kg以内(≤10kg)50例单纯膜周型室间隔缺损患者,均采用自体心包连续浅缝法修补。结果主动脉阻断时间32±21min(14-52min),体外循环时间56±35min(29-69min)。无°房室传导阻滞发生,9例发生右束支传导阻滞,2例结性心律。2例膜周偏流出道型VSD患者因前上缘残余分流分别为0.4cm和0.3cm,再次手术修补;1例后下缘残留细束样分流,直径0.15cm,随访6个月后自愈;10例膜周偏流出道型VSD患者剪开三尖瓣,8例垂直瓣环,2例平行瓣环;1例三尖瓣中度反流,随访无加重;5例轻度反流,4例轻微反流,随访均无加重;1例心包积液;1例再次进入手术室止血。结论连续浅缝法是修补单纯膜周型室间隔缺损的有效外科纠治方法。     

后路减压植骨融合3D脊柱内固定系统治疗腰椎滑脱症

[目的]观察3D脊柱内固定系统对腰椎滑脱症的固定及治疗效果。[方法]2004年1月～2005年7月,对42例腰椎滑脱症患者(其中,男28例,女14例)运用椎板减压、椎管后外侧植骨融合、3D椎弓根螺钉内固定系统治疗,随访13～32个月(平均25.3个月)。[结果]术前JOA评分平均4.48分的42例患者,随访时14.5分(P<0.01),术后15个月内动态X线检查显示3D椎弓根螺钉固定患者植骨融合率100%,融合节段稳定,临床症状改善优良率92.8%。[结论]后路运用3D内固定系统行椎管后外侧植骨融合内固定对腰椎滑脱症患者是一种安全、有效的术式,近期疗效满意。     

1例海洛因白质脑病患者行血液净化治疗的护理

对1例巨大甲状腺肿瘤患者在体外膜肺氧合辅助下行肿瘤切除术，手术顺利，历时12．0h，切除肿瘤500g，住院23d患者康复出院。提出术前充分评估患者状况、做好心理护理和器械物品准备，术中熟悉体外膜肺氧合的操作方法、积极配合手术、密切观察病情等，是获得良好手术效果的重要环节。     

术中超声导航辅助切除脑动静脉畸形

目的探讨术中实时超声导航在脑动静脉畸形(AVM)外科治疗中的应用价值。方法26例脑AVM显微手术切除术中,使用Aloka SSD 4000型超声检查仪扫描,进行AVM定位、辨别供血动脉和引流静脉;确定血肿与AVM的关系以及血流动力学监测。病变切除后重复超声检查AVM残留与否,并与术后脑血管造影结果对比。结果26例畸形血管团均住实时超声下清晰显示并获得全切除。血肿区为高同声无血流信号;供血动脉与正常血管在血流动力学上有差别;术中超声影像所示的病变全切除为术后血管造影所证实。结论术中实时超声能够对脑AVM进行准确定位,指导皮质切口的设计,并可判定病灶是否全切除.对于术前的MRI、DSA检查起到很有价值的补充作用。