Investigation of Potential Use of Soybean Protein Isolate–Chinese Bayberry Tannin Extract Cross-Linked Films in Packaging Applications

The possibility of using commercial bayberry tannin (BT) from a Chinese source as a cross-linker and functional additive to develop soybean protein isolate (SPI)-based films was explored in this study by using the solvent casting method. In particular, the impacts of BT loading on the tensile strength, microstructure, thermal stability, water resistance and antioxidant capacity were fully investigated. The results reveal that SPI incorporated with BT yielded a phenolic–protein hybrid whose relevant films exhibited an improvement in tensile strength of around two times greater compared with native SPI as a result of the formed interactions and covalent cross-links, which could be proven using FTIR spectroscopy. The introduction of BT also led to the compact microstructure of SPI–BT films and enhanced the thermal stability, while the water vapor permeability was reduced compared with the control SPI film, especially at high loading content of tannin. Additionally, the use of BT significantly promoted the antioxidant capacity of the SPI-based films according to DPPH radical scavenging assay results. On this basis, Chinese bayberry tannin is considered a promising natural cross-linker and multifunctional additive that can be dedicated to developing protein-derived films with antioxidant activity for food packaging applications.     

内镜下低温等离子治疗舌甲状舌管囊肿

目的：探讨内镜下低温等离子治疗舌甲状舌管囊肿的手术方法、疗效和适应证。方法：对11例舌甲状舌管囊肿患者行内镜下低温等离子舌甲状舌管囊肿切除术,观察疗效及并发症情况。结果：1l例患者术后症状改善,无严重并发症发生,随访1-3年,无复发。结论：内镜下低温等离子治疗舌甲状舌管囊肿手术时间短,术中出血少,术后反应轻、恢复快,疗效满意。     

颈段气管袖状切除术的临床分析

目的：总结颈段气管袖状切除术的经验,以提高颈段气管肿瘤的治疗效果。方法：回顾性分析1985-01～2006—12颈段气管袖状切除术治疗的12例患者,其中腺样囊性癌6例,鳞状细胞癌4例,腺癌1例,颈段气管软化塌陷1例。气管切除长度3～6cm,其中气管切除长度≥5cm5例,喉体松解术7例,甲状腺次全切除术3例。用正常甲状腺组织包绕气管及吻合口9例,未包绕3例。结果：所有患者喉功能均得以保留,发声正常,吻合口生长良好,受到分离的气管段色泽红润。3年生存率为85．37％,5年生存率为56．61％。结论：颈段气管袖状切除术符合气管肿瘤的治疗原则。改进的术式有利于气管吻合口的愈合,有利于更干净、彻底地切除气管肿瘤。     

嗅觉味觉功能的临床检测

目的:探讨嗅觉障碍患者嗅觉和味觉功能的改变。方法:284例受试者中,健康人92例,嗅觉功能减退92例,嗅觉功能丧失100例,分别采用T&T、嗅觉事件相关电位(OERPs)及三滴法进行嗅觉和味觉功能检测。结果:T&T结果,嗅觉功能减退和丧失患者跟健康人比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。OERPs结果显示,嗅觉功能障碍患者跟健康人比较N1、P2波潜伏期延长且振幅降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三滴法结果显示,嗅觉功能障碍患者跟健康人比较味觉功能有明显减退,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各组之间男女比较差异无统计学意义。结论:嗅觉功能障碍患者同时伴有味觉功能的减退,嗅觉和味觉功能的减退与性别关联不大。嗅觉味觉的联合检查可以全面系统反映受试者的化学感觉功能,为临床诊断和治疗提供科学依据。     

胆红素对离体培养大鼠耳蜗基底膜的药理效应观察

目的观察胆红素对离体培养的新生SD大鼠耳蜗器官的损伤效应。方法健康新生3日龄SD大鼠18只,雌雄不限,分离其双侧的内耳共得到耳蜗器官组织36个,体外培养,12h后换液。选择贴壁、存活良好的组织30个入选实验,并随机分为两组(15个/组):实验组于贴壁第二天开始进行胆红素处理,对照组加入相应体积的生理盐水。处理后24h,实验组和对照组同时终止培养,并对其进行固定、免疫组织化学染色,共聚焦显微镜观察毛细胞及螺旋神经节神经元的形态变化并计数,统计对比。结果胆红素组离体培养的耳蜗器官中螺旋神经节神经元胞体及其树突纤维与对照组相比有明显的减少,内外毛细胞形态完整,数量无明显变化。结论大鼠耳蜗器官螺旋神经节神经元对胆红素的毒性敏感,而内外毛细胞对其毒性相对不敏感。     

头颈耳鼻咽喉部原发性结外非霍奇金淋巴瘤临床和免疫组化特征

目的：探讨头颈耳鼻咽喉部原发性结外非霍奇金淋巴瘤(PE-NHL)的临床及免疫表型特征。方法：回顾性分析155例头颈耳鼻咽喉部PE—NHL患者的临床资料，采用免疫组织化学技术复阅病理片改变。结果：临床表现原发器官缺乏特异性，体征以肿块或溃烂型最多。细胞免疫表型结果显示，来源于T细胞者占46．4％，来源于B细胞者占53．6％。其中鼻腔鼻窦以T细胞淋巴瘤为主，韦氏环则以B细胞淋巴瘤为多。结论：头颈耳鼻咽喉部PE-NHL临床过程复杂，特征缺乏特异性，诊断较难。对本病提高警惕，对可疑者反复活检，依据病理学和免疫组织化学改变结合临床特征可确诊。     

爱维治治疗前部缺血性视神经病变的疗效观察

目的 观察爱维治治疗前部缺血性视神经病变（AION）的疗效。 方法 临床确诊的AION患者58例60只眼，其中29例30只眼接受爱维治1200 mg/d静脉滴注治疗（治疗组）；另外29例30只眼接受1～2种溶栓抗凝剂或血管扩张剂1次/d静脉滴注治疗（对照组）。均以15 d为1个疗程。对照组中20只眼还同时进行眼局部药物注射，包括糖皮质激素、654-2球后或球旁注射，1次/d或1次/2 d，用药3～5次。两组患者用药后每天观察视力、眼底变化，治疗前有视野检查者复查视野。 结果 治疗组视力提高程度明显好于对照组，两组间差异有统计学意义(t=2.74, P<0.01); 用药第3天，两组视力提高程度差异无统计学意义(t=1.34, P＞0.05); 第5、10、15天，治疗组视力提高程度明显好于对照组，其差异有统计学意义（t=2.01, P<0.05; t=2.07, P<0.05; t=2.74, P<0.01）；治疗组有视野检查的15只眼中，13只眼治疗后视野好转，占87.00%；2只眼无变化，占13.00%。对照组有视野检查的13只眼中，4只眼治疗后视野好转，占31.00%；9只眼无变化，占69.00%。两组视野变化的差异比较有统计学意义（χ2=9.66,P<0.01）。 结论 爱维治治疗AION有效。 (中华眼底病杂志, 2006, 22: 97-99)     

Hypertension and Associated Risk Factors among Children with Intellectual Disability: A Cross-Sectional Study

To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors in Chinese children with intellectual disability, a cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 558 children with intellectual disability aged 6–18 years in Hong Kong, and 452 (81.0%) with valid data were included in the data analysis. Blood pressure was measured according to a standard protocol. Hypertension was defined using the age-, gender-, and height-specific classification criteria recommended by the 2018 Chinese Guidelines for Children. Multivariate and hierarchical logistic regression was fitted to examine the associations of hypertension with potential risk factors. Overall, 31.4% of the participants were classified as having hypertension. Obese children were more likely to develop hypertension than non-obese children (adjusted OR = 2.77, 95% CI: 1.28, 5.99, p = 0.010). A paternal education of college or above and a paternal occupation of clerks, sales representatives, and workers were also associated with an increased risk of hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension is high among Chinese children with intellectual disability. Obesity was the strongest risk factor. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm our findings. Nevertheless, preventions against obesity are promising to receive doubled benefits in reducing both obesity and hypertension, given its strong relationship with hypertension in this special population.     

计算机图像处理技术对声门图像参数的检测及临床意义

目的：探讨计算机图像处理技术测量正常和病理状态下的声门图像参数及其临床意义,方法：用该技术测量６０例正常成人,６０例声带息肉和４０例单侧声带麻痹患者的声门图像参数,并进行统计分析,结果：正常人声门最小面积〉０,且女性的相对值大于男性,绝对值相近;声门最大面积的相对值两性相近,绝对值则是男性大于女性,声带息肉患者较正常人声门最小面积增大,声带麻痹患者声门最小面积增大,最大面积减小,结论：将该技术结合喉镜检查,可对喉部图像进行定量分析,淡声带息肉和声带麻痹患者的诊治提供更客观、更精确的依据。     

变应性鼻炎诊疗现状调查

目的 变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)是鼻科常见病之一,但患者的就诊率不高,部分患者对疗效不满意,表明临床诊疗过程中存在亟待改进的问题.本研究针对中国部分大中城市的耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医师进行AR诊疗现状调查,通过剖析存在的问题,为提高临床诊疗水平提供参考.方法 采用问卷调查方式在全国13个省或自治区(63个市)和4个直辖市,针对508名耳鼻咽喉头颈外科医师,调查AR患者门诊状况、诊断状况和治疗状况.结果 AR患者占全部耳鼻咽喉头颈外科门诊患者的比例平均为19%±14%,占全部鼻腔鼻窦疾病门诊患者的35%±17%.既往使用过鼻用糖皮质激素或H1受体拮抗剂等抗过敏药物的患者为42%±26%.可进行皮肤点刺试验和血清特异性IgE检查的医师比例分别为74%和20%.仅依据患者症状和体征诊断,不进行皮肤点刺试验和血清特异性IgE检查等临床检测的比例为6l%±29%,而综合病史和皮肤点刺试验或血清学检测的诊断比例为35%±28%.从医师治疗成人AR患者的药物处方比例来看,鼻用糖皮质激素平均为70%4-27%,口服和鼻用H1受体拮抗剂分别为49%±32%和36%±28%.过敏原特异性皮下免疫治疗占23%4±26%,口服白三烯受体拮抗剂和鼻用色甘酸钠分别为18%±22%和16%±22%.重视复诊随访患者所占比例平均为24%±17%,对复诊和随访重视程度一般的患者所占比例为35%4±19%,而几乎不复诊随访的患者所占比例为39%±24%.结论 AR已成为我国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科门诊患者求诊的主要疾病,但无论是患者对疾病的整体认识,还是专科医师的整体诊治水平,均需要在现有基础上尽快提高.