BMP-4在卵巢早衰小鼠卵巢中的变化

目的分析BMP-4在化疗后卵巢早衰(POF)小鼠卵巢中的表达,探索BMP-4与卵巢早衰卵巢中卵泡发育的关系,为卵巢早衰的发病机制及临床治疗的研究提供参考依据。方法选用48只4~5周龄具有正常动情周期的雌性昆明小鼠随机分为3组:POF组,腹腔注射环磷酰胺,皮下注射白消安建立卵巢早衰模型;对照组,腹腔注射0.9%的生理盐水;正常组。观察并记录小鼠的一般情况,应用HE染色、免疫组织化学技术和Western blot技术,观察卵巢形态学变化、各级卵泡数的变化及BMP-4的分布情况。结果 1POF组小鼠体重下降,卵巢体积缩小,HE染色显示卵泡数目减少,原始卵泡数目(15.44±2.16)与正常组(55.25±16.09)和对照组(53.37±18.11)相比明显减少(P0.05)。2免疫组化结果显示BMP-4在正常组卵巢和对照组卵巢中的表达比在POF组卵巢中的表达高。3免疫组化结果显示BMP-4在POF卵巢中的表达明显减少,其中原始卵泡(39.83±6.50)减少最为明显,与正常组(68.61±5.25)和对照组(66.72±6.26)相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。4Western blot结果显示POF卵巢中的BMP-4表达最低,约为正常组的0.6倍(P0.05)。结论 POF组的BMP-4表达降低明显,在原始卵泡中降低最为明显,推测其对原始卵泡的存活和发育及调控卵泡闭锁有促进作用。     

地雷伤截肢残段的解剖学观察

目的：对地雷伤伤员的截肢残段进行解剖学观察,了解地雷伤的解剖特点,为地雷伤的治疗提供可以借鉴的解剖依据。方法对3段地雷伤截肢残段进行解剖,分离出神经、动静脉,测量肌肉、神经、动静脉长度及出血范围,并取肌肉组织做成切片在镜下观察。结果3段地雷伤截肢残段的大部分肌肉、神经、血管断裂收缩,骨折多呈粉碎性。肌肉组织镜下观察发现,远心端组织结构破坏,肌纤维收缩、破裂、坏死;近心端肌肉组织水肿,大部分肌纤维正常,肌纤维染色浅、纹理模糊。结论地雷伤具有远达效应,地雷爆炸产生的冲击波会沿着伤肢蔓延,造成触雷部位附近的组织撕裂、渗血。     

褪黑素在丙烯酰胺诱发断乳期和成年雄性大鼠生殖毒性中的保护作用

目的探讨褪黑素(MT)对丙烯酰胺(AA)诱发断乳期和成年雄性大鼠生殖毒性的保护作用。方法断乳期和成年雄性大鼠均随机分为对照组、AA染毒组、MT预防组、AA加MT组(AA和MT同时处理28 d)、MT治疗组,每组各6只动物。实验结束后,取材各组大鼠的睾丸、附睾、前列腺和精囊,计算脏器系数,并利用HE染色观察上述组织的病理学改变。结果和对照组相比,AA染毒组断乳期大鼠睾丸的脏器系数均明显下降(P0.05);经MT处理组睾丸的脏器系数均出现了不同程度的升高(P0.05)。连续28 d给予MT,断乳期大鼠的前列腺和精囊会发生明显的萎缩现象,其中精囊更为明显,但在成年大鼠中未发现该种现象。组织病理学结果表明,AA染毒后,断乳期和成年大鼠的睾丸、附睾、前列腺均出现异常组织结构,经MT处理后,它们的上皮结构均有所改善,其中,MT治疗组的改善情况最为显著,但精囊中并发现有明显的异常现象。结论 MT对AA造成的断乳期和成年雄性大鼠生殖毒性损伤具有预防和缓解的作用。     

CAR-T细胞疗法新靶点开发专利技术发展状况分析

<正>采用CAR-T细胞治疗,使一位当时年仅6岁险些被晚期白血病置于死地的患儿奇迹般地挣脱了死神的束缚,让更多的研发者看到了希望的曙光,CAR-T细胞治疗研究日趋白热化。CAR-T,即表达嵌合抗原受体(chimeric antigen receptor,CAR)修饰的T细胞。CAR由胞外抗原结合域(scFv)、跨膜结构域和胞内信号传导结构域组成。CAR-T细胞治疗技术,是指通过将上述CAR结构在体外进行基因重组得到     

High-grade ovarian cancer secreting effective exosomes in tumor angiogenesis

Ovarian cancer, the most lethal gynecological cancer, related closely to tumor stage. High-grade ovarian cancer always results in a late diagnose and high recurrence, which reduce survival within five years. Until recently, curable therapy is still under research and anti-angiogenesis proves a promising way. Tumor-derived exosomes are essential in tumor migration and metastases such as angiogenesis is enhanced by exosomes. In our study, we have made comparison between high-grade and unlikely high-grade serous ovarian cancer cells on exosomal function of endothelial cells proliferation, migration and tube formation. Exosomes derived from high-grade ovarian cancer have a profound impact on angiogenesis with comparison to unlikely high-grade ovarian cancer. Proteomic profiles revealed some potential proteins involved in exosomal function of angiogenesis such as ATF2, MTA1, ROCK1/2 and so on. Therefore, exosomes plays an influential role in angiogenesis in ovarian serous cancer and also function more effectively in high-grade ovarian cancer cells.     

Basal cell adenoma of the parotid gland: clinical and pathological findings in 29 cases

Objective: To determine the clinical and pathological features of basal cell adenoma (BCA) of the parotid gland. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 29 parotid BCAs in 28 patients who underwent surgery at the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, between October 2000 and June 2013. The tumors were categorized according to their location in the parotid gland as superior superficial lobe, inferior superficial lobe and deep lobe. Results: The mean age was 57.0 years (range, 32-83 years). The clinical manifestations of parotid BCAs were consistent with those of other benign parotid tumors. There were no significant differences in age, average disease duration and tumor size among the three tumor groups. There were 11 deep tumors (11/29, 37.9%), and five of them exhibited cystic degeneration (5/11, 45.5%). A total of 15 patients underwent FNAB examination, and the results were positive in seven patients (7/15, 46.7%). Mild facial nerve function impairment occurred in five patients (House-Brackmann grade II), of whom, three had recovered by the 6-month follow-up. No cases of local recurrence or malignant transformation were observed during follow-up. Conclusion: The clinical features of BCA are consistent with those of other benign tumors. The deep lobe of the parotid gland is more likely to develop BCAs, and thus, this diagnosis should be considered in patients with deep-lobe tumors, especially when accompanied with cystic degeneration. FNAB can increase the rate of preoperative diagnoses.     

河南省脑卒中病情恶化2568例危险因素分析

目的:探讨河南省部分脑卒中患者病情加重的危险因素。方法:选择在河南省郑州市、洛阳市、新乡市、驻马店、平顶山等地住院治疗过程中病情加重或无效的脑卒中患者2568例,记录并分析引起病情加重的各项危险因素。结果:本组最常见的危险因素依次为高血压(62.62%)、2次发病(52.80%)、感染(49.37%)、无可靠医疗保障(39.29%),其次为高血糖、高同型半胱氨酸血症、脏器衰竭、内环境紊乱以及焦虑抑郁情绪等等。90.8%的患者危险因素2个,平均(3.4±1.2)个。结论:河南地区脑卒中患者病情加重者多合并2个或更多危险因素,高血压、感染、2次发病、无可靠医疗保障是导致患者病情加重的主要危险因素。     

SWOT分析法在医院进修医生管理中的应用

用SWOT法分析了医院进修医生管理工作积累的整体优势,认识到当前医院存在自满与浮躁是面临的主要劣势,剖析了医院进修管理发展的大好机遇和医院体制调整所带来一些威胁,提出了建立强专科、大综合、充实医院文化的进修医生管理发展策略。     

敲低膜联蛋白A7对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡的影响

目的：：观察靶向敲低人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞膜联蛋白A7(AXNA7)的表达对MCF-7细胞凋亡的影响。方法：实验分为3组,以靶向ANXA7的siRNA转染MCF-7细胞为siRNA干扰组,另设阴性对照组、空白对照组,采用RT-PCR法和Western blot法检测转染后MCF-7细胞ANXA7的表达情况,应用流式细胞术检测ANXA7低表达对MCF-7细胞凋亡的影响。结果：转染后,siRNA干扰组细胞ANXA7的表达明显低于阴性对照组和空白对照组(P＜0.05);敲低ANXA7后,MCF-7细胞凋亡明显增加(P＜0.05)。结论：ANXA7低表达可促进乳腺癌细胞MCF-7凋亡。