新疆乌鲁木齐地区142例急性白血病流式细胞术免疫分型研究

目的:研究新疆乌鲁木齐地区急性白血病(AL)患者免疫表型特征及分布特点。方法:选用细胞表面分子CD20、CD14、CD3、CD2、CD33、HLA-DR、CD15、CD10、CD5、CD22、CD7、CD13、CD34、CD11b、CD19、CD117等的单克隆抗体,采用流式细胞仪CD45/SSC双参数散点图设门法对142例AL患者进行免疫表型分析。结果:35例急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL),其中6例伴有髓系抗原的表达(14.3%)且表达最频繁的为CD13;96例急性髓系白血病(AML),其中21例伴有淋系抗原的表达(21.9%)且表达最频繁的为CD7;11例为FAB难以分类的急性白血病(UAL),兼有淋系和髓系抗原的表达。ALL免疫分型特点在新疆汉族和维吾尔族(简称维族)中差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),在AML中,汉族髓系抗原的表达率依次为CD13>CD33>CD15,维族髓系抗原的表达率依次为CD13>CD15>CD14,且维族患者多伴有淋系抗原CD7的表达。结论:FCM免疫分型是在细胞形态学和细胞染色基础上对AL诊断与分型的重要补充,免疫表型的检测对AL的诊断和治疗有重要意义。     

Differential expression of Yes-associated protein is correlated with expression of cell cycle markers and pathologic TNM staging in non-small-cell lung carcinoma

Yes-associated protein, a downstream effector of the Hippo signaling pathway, has been linked to progression of non-small-cell lung carcinoma. The aim of this study was to investigate expression of Yes-associated protein in lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Associations of Yes-associated protein expression with clinicopathologic parameters, expression of cell cycle-specific markers, and epidermal growth factor receptor gene amplification were also analyzed. In a univariate analysis of the 66 adenocarcinomas, high nuclear expression of Yes-associated protein was significantly correlated with expression of cyclin A and mitogen-activated protein kinase. Multivariate analysis, including age and sex, showed that cyclin A expression was independently correlated with nuclear expression of Yes-associated protein in adenocarcinomas. Furthermore, high nuclear expression of Yes-associated protein was also a significant predictor of epidermal growth factor receptor gene amplification for adenocarcinoma. For the 102 squamous cell carcinomas, univariate analysis revealed that high cytoplasmic expression of Yes-associated protein was correlated with the low pathologic TNM staging (stage I) and histologic grading. Multivariate analysis, including age and sex, showed that cytoplasmic expression of Yes-associated protein was an independent predictor of low pathologic TNM staging. These results indicate that nuclear overexpression of Yes-associated protein contributes to pulmonary adenocarcinoma growth and that high cytoplasmic expression of Yes-associated protein is an independent predictor of low pathologic TNM staging and histologic grading. The differential effects of Yes-associated protein expression patterns in adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas suggest that Yes-associated protein may play important roles in different pathways in distinct tumor subtypes. These observations may, therefore, lead to new perspectives on therapeutic targeting of these tumor types.     

Is lysyl oxidase-like protein-1, alpha-1 antitrypsin, and neutrophil elastase site specific in pelvic organ prolapse?

Introduction and hypothesis  

We investigated whether the expression of alpha-1 antitrypsin (ATT), neutrophil elastase (NE), and lysyl oxidase-like protein 1 (LOXL-1) vary within the vagina in subjects with pelvic organ prolapse (POP).     

Mycophenolic acid inhibits oleic acid-induced mesangial cell activation through both cellular reactive oxygen species and inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 pathways

The synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) in mesangial cells (MCs) plays important roles in the development and progression of renal diseases, including chronic allograft nephropathy. Mycophenolic acid (MPA), an inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (IMPDH2), suppresses MC proliferation and ECM synthesis. However, the exact inhibitory mechanism of MPA on MCs has not been clearly elucidated. In this study we compared the inhibitory effects of MPA and IMPDH2 reduction [by using small interfering RNA (siRNA)] on oleic acid (OA)-induced fibronectin secretion and cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mouse MCs. Growth-arrested MCs were stimulated with OA in the presence or absence of MPA, IMPDH2 siRNA, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) antibody or exogenous guanosine. Fibronectin secretion into the medium was examined by Western blot, dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCF)-sensitive cellular ROS by fluorescence-activated cell scanning (FACS), TGF-β levels in the media by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). OA increased fibronectin secretion, TGF-β and cellular ROS levels. A TGF-β neutralizing antibody effectively suppressed OA-induced fibronectin secretion. NAC and MPA completely suppressed OA-induced fibronectin secretion and decreased the levels of TGF-β and cellular ROS. However, IMPDH2 siRNA partly inhibited OA-induced MC activation. Exogenous guanosine successfully reversed the inhibitory effects of IMPDH2 siRNA on OA-induced MC activation. Pleiotropic inhibitory effect of MPA on OA-induced mouse MC activation was mediated via its antioxidant effect on cellular ROS production and partly via inhibition of IMPDH2 itself. Our results implicate ROS as an alternative therapeutic target for the prevention of hyperlipidemia-related glomerulopathy, chronic allograft nephropathy, and subsequent graft loss. Kyu Ha Huh and Hyung Joon Ahn contributed equally to this work and should be considered to be the co-first authors.     

带蒂骶棘肌瓣在症状性骶管囊肿治疗中的应用

目的 探讨带蒂骶棘肌瓣在治疗症状性骶管囊肿(SSCC)的临床应用价值,报道其应用于临床的初步效果.方法 自2002年8月-2008年4月,行囊肿壁大部分切除后应用带蒂骶棘肌瓣填塞交通孔法治疗具有明确交通孔的SSCC患者20例,其中L5-S1平面1例,L5-S1平面2例,S1平面2例,S1-S2平面5例,S1-S2平面3例,S2平面1例,S2-S3,平面6例.结果 随访1年～4年10个月,平均21.6个月.未发生皮下积液和脑脊液漏.术后MR复查示囊肿消失.症状完全缓解16例,部分缓解4例,所有患者均未见复发,恢复日常工作和生活.结论 带蒂骶棘肌瓣填塞封堵交通孔法是治疗具有明确交通孔且术中有较多囊肿壁残留的SSCC的理想术式,明显优势表现在操作简单安全、充分消除残腔及有效防止复发.     

卡维地洛与压力负荷心衰大鼠心室重塑和Rho激酶表达的关系

目的研究卡维地洛(α1肾上腺素受体阻断剂、β肾上腺素受体非选择性阻断剂)对升主动脉缩窄压力超负荷心力衰竭大鼠心室重塑、RhoA、Rho激酶表达的影响,探讨卡维地洛改善心力衰竭的新机制。方法将升主动脉缩窄术后心力衰竭Wistar雌性大鼠随机分为2组,一组为心力衰竭组,给予生理盐水灌胃,每日2次(n=10);一组为卡维地洛组,12.5mg/Kg卡维地洛灌胃,每日2次(n=10),治疗12周。同时制备模型设置假手术组作为对照(n=10),不予处置。观察各组大鼠各项指标变化。结果与假手术组相比,心力衰竭大鼠心肌肥厚指数增加,HE染色心肌排列紊乱,血液动力学指标明显异常,心肌细胞RhoA、Rho激酶表达显著升高(P<0.05);药物治疗12w后,与心力衰竭组对比,卡维地洛治疗组心肌肥厚指数降低,HE染色示心肌重塑不明显,血液动力学参数改善,RhoA、Rho激酶表达显著降低。结论卡维地洛可通过对心肌细胞α-Gq-RhoA/Rho激酶通路表达干预,明显缓解心力衰竭症状、改善心室重塑,卡维地洛这种α1肾上腺素受体阻断剂可能对心力衰竭更有利。     

Early Anastomotic Repair in the Rat Intestine is Affected by Transient Preoperative Mesenteric Ischemia

Introduction  During bowel surgery, perioperative blood loss and hypotension can lead to transient intestinal ischemia. Recent preclinical studies reveal that the strength of intestinal anastomoses can be compromised after reperfusion. So far, this phenomenon has not been investigated in the very first days of healing when wound strength is lowest. Material and Method  Ischemia was induced in rats by clamping both the superior mesenteric artery and ileal branches for 30 min. Immediately after declamping, anastomoses were constructed in both terminal ileum and descending colon. The same was done in control groups after sham-ischemia. Anastomotic bursting pressure and breaking strength were measured immediately after operation (day 0) and after 1, 2, or 3 days. Anastomotic hydroxyproline content, gelatinase activity, and histology were analyzed. Results and Discussion  In ileal anastomoses, at day 1, both the breaking strength and bursting pressure were significantly (p < 0.05) lower in the ischemic group, while at day 2, this was the case for the bursting pressure only. In the colon, the bursting pressure in the ischemic group was lower at day 1. Anastomotic hydroxyproline content remained unchanged. Increased presence of the various gelatinase activities was found in ileum only at day 0 and in colon at days 1 and 2. Histological mucosal damage was found in ischemia–reperfusion groups. Conclusion  Transient mesenteric ischemia can negatively affect anastomotic strength during the very first days of healing, even if the tissue used for anastomotic construction looks vital.