组织芯片技术与人工智能神经网络在大肠肿瘤诊断中的应用

目的：构建组织原位检测指标预测诊断大肠肿瘤的人工智能神经网络（ANN）模型,探讨组织芯片技术与ANN结合应用的可行性。方法：应用组织芯片技术检测ST13等8种组织原位检测指标在大肠肿瘤演进过程各阶段的表达,同时采用ANN构建相应的诊断模型。结果：采用Matlab6．5软件中提供的Kruskal-wal-lis H秩和检验函数,对这8种指标在正常大肠组织、大肠腺瘤和大肠癌组织中的阳性表达差异进行统计学检验,其中ST13、Bcl-2、Survivin和HSFlm RNA的表达,差异有统计学意义,P〈0．01;将8种指标随机组合,分别构建相应的ANN诊断模型,评价其各自的诊断效率,发现ST13、Bcl-2、Survivin与HSFl mRNA组合的ANN-BP模型预测准确率最高,其对正常大肠组织、大肠腺瘤和大肠癌训练集的预测准确率分别高达92.895％、94.163％和92.013％,对该ANN-BP网络诊断模型的盲法测试结果也分别高达85.714％、79.412％和72％。结论：组织芯片技术与ANN相结合,可以大大提高组织原位检测指标对大肠肿瘤的预测诊断效率。     

Effect of the Surface Morphology of Porous Coatings on Secondary Electron Yield of Metal Surface

Surface roughening is an important material surface treatment technique, and it is particularly useful for use in secondary electron yield (SEY) suppression on metal surfaces. Porous structures produced via roughening on coatings have been confirmed to reduce SEY, but the regulation strategy and the influence of process parameters both remain unclear in the practical fabrication of effective porous structures. In this paper, the effect of the surface morphology of porous coatings on the SEY of aluminum alloy substrates was studied. Surface characterization and SEY measurements were carried out for samples with a specific process technique on their surfaces. An exponential fitting model of the correlation between surface roughness and the peak values of SEY curves, δm, was summarized. Furthermore, an implementation strategy to enable low surface SEY was achieved from the analysis of the effect of process parameters on surface morphology formation. This work will aid our understanding of the effect of the irregular surface morphology of porous coatings on SEY, thereby revealing low-cost access to the realization of an easy-to-scale process that enables low SEY.     

Polyphenol Mechanisms against Gastric Cancer and Their Interactions with Gut Microbiota: A Review

The lack of new drugs and resistance to existing drugs are serious problems in gastric cancer(GC) treatment. The research found polyphenols possess anti-Helicobacter pylori(Hp) and antitumor activities and may be used in the research and development of drugs for cancer prevention and treatment. However, polyphenols are affected by their chemical structures and physical properties, which leads to relatively low bioavailability and bioactivity in vivo. The intestinal flora can improve the absorption, utilization, and biological activity of polyphenols, whereas polyphenol compounds can increase the richness of the intestinal flora, reduce the activity of carcinogenic bacteria, stabilize the proportion of core flora, and maintain homeostasis of the intestinal microenvironment. Our review summarizes the gastrointestinal flora-mediated mechanisms of polyphenol against GC.     

原发性局灶节段性肾小球硬化预后相关因素的研究进展

近年来局灶节段性肾小球硬化（FSGS）发病率增加,且治疗困难,预后较差,是导致终末期肾疾病的主要原因之一。肾脏病学家试图探索某些指标来拟诊和预测预后,该文简述了原发性FSGS预后相关因素如蛋白尿程度、血肌酐水平、肾小管间质病变、病理类型、治疗方法、治疗反应、基因、足细胞及足细胞蛋白等的研究进展。     

Timing of Breastfeeding Initiation Mediates the Association between Delivery Mode,Source of Breastfeeding Education,and Postpartum Depression Symptoms

Background: Emergency cesarean section (EMCS) and breastfeeding difficulties increase the risk of postpartum depressive (PPD) symptoms. Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) may not only alleviate PPD symptoms but also facilitate subsequent breastfeeding success. EMCS is a risk factor for not practicing EIBF. Therefore, it is important to understand the relationship between EMCS, EIBF, and PPD symptoms. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study in three areas of China. At baseline, a total of 965 mothers completed electronic questionnaires within 72 h postpartum. Women were screened for PPD symptoms using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS). Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the determinants of PPD symptoms. Mediation analysis was used to determine if EIBF mediated the relationship between delivery mode or breastfeeding education source and PPD symptoms. Results: The prevalence of EIBF was 40.6%; 14% of 965 mothers experienced EMCS, and 20.4% had PPD symptoms. The risk factors for developing PPD symptoms were excessive gestational weight gain (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.55, confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.03–2.33, p = 0.037) and EMCS (aOR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.30–3.25, p = 0.002). The protective factors for developing PPD symptoms were monthly household income over CNY 10000 (aOR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.47–0.97, p = 0.034), EIBF (aOR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.34–0.72, p < 0.001), and prenatal breastfeeding education from nurses (aOR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.29–0.73, p = 0.001). EIBF indirectly affected PPD symptoms in patients who had undergone EMCS (percentage mediated [PM] = 16.69, 95% CI: 7.85–25.25, p < 0.001). The source of breastfeeding education through EIBF also affected PPD symptoms (PM = 17.29, 95% CI: 3.80–30.78, p = 0.012). Conclusion: The association between EMCS on PPD symptoms was mediated by EIBF. By providing breastfeeding education, nurses could also help alleviate PPD symptoms.     

3D模板技术在老年晚期肺癌患者粒子植入中的临床应用

目的 评估3D打印放射性粒子植入模板引导125I粒子植入治疗老年肺癌患者的临床疗效及并发症.方法 回顾性分析2016年1月—2019年12月入住安徽医科大学第一附属医院老年呼吸与危重症学科治疗的80例老年晚期肺癌患者,其中采用自制3D打印非共面尼龙模板辅助粒子植入联合化疗的19例患者为模板组,徒手穿刺植入粒子联合化疗的...     

失碳长春碱联合化疗治疗晚期乳腺癌

目的观察以失碳长春碱（Ｎａｖｅｂｉｎｅ）为主的联合化疗治疗晚期乳癌的近期疗效和毒性。方法用失碳长春碱联合阿霉素或５－氟脲嘧啶或顺铂治疗晚期乳癌２０例。结果可评价疗效的１８例中,部分缓解８例,轻微缓解３例,稳定５例,进展２例,无完全缓解病例,有效率４４．４％。化疗后卡氏评分总体评价较化疗前提高（Ｐ＜０．０１）,有显著性差异。毒性反应主要是骨髓抑制、消化道反应、脱发、静脉炎,神经毒性亦可见到,多为轻度,无麻痹性肠梗阻发生。结论含失碳长春碱的联合化疗治疗晚期乳癌有较好疗效,但骨髓毒性亦较重,使用时应谨慎     

右美托咪定作为罗哌卡因佐剂用于头皮神经阻滞的效果以及对血浆儿茶酚胺、内皮素-1的影响

目的:探究开颅手术中右美托咪定作为罗哌卡因佐剂的阻滞的效果以及对血浆儿茶酚胺、内皮素-1(ET-1)的影响.方法:本次研究对象全部选自2018年3月—2019年11月期间在东莞市人民医院进行开颅手术的42例患者,按照不同的麻醉药物进行分组,其中21例使用0.9％氯化钠溶液的为对照组,21例使用罗哌卡因、右美托咪定的为实验组,分析比较两种方式对两侧头皮神经的阻滞效果.结果:实验组的术后24 h内感觉阻滞时间多于对照组(P<0.05),两组的术后苏醒时间、麻醉时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);实验组和对照组术后1 hVAS评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组术后6 h、12 h、18 h、24 h对比差异明显(P<0.05);实验组和对照组患者术后1 h、6 h、12 h Ramsay评分对比差异较显著(P<0.05),两组患者术后18 h、24 h对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);实验组和对照组麻醉诱导前的ET-1、去甲肾上腺素以及肾上腺素对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组术后6 h、12 h对比差异较明显(P<0.05);两组术后高血压发生率对比差异明显(P<0.05).结论:右美托咪定作为罗哌卡因佐剂用于头皮神经阻滞的效果较好,不会升高ET-1和血浆儿茶酚胺.