A new sterol glycoside from Securidaca inappendiculata

From the roots of Securidaca inappendiculata, one new sterol glycoside securisteroside (1) has been isolated, along with two known sterols, spinasterol (2) and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-spinasterol (3). The new sterol was characterized by chemical and spectrometric methods, including EIMS, FABMS and one- and two-dimensional NMR experiments.     

Changes in attitudes, knowledge and behavior associated with implementing a comprehensive school health program in a province of China

After successful pilot projects, Zhejiang Province, China, decided to systematically scale-up health promoting schools (HPS) over the entire province of 47 million. This study describes the interventions and self-reported changes in attitudes, knowledge and behavior during the first phase of scaling-up. Group interviews were conducted with a sample of 191 participants (school administrators, teachers, students and parents) from nine schools with a total of approximately 15 200 students. Grounded theory guided data analysis. Schools implemented all HPS components (school health policy, physical school environment, psychosocial school environment, health education, health services, nutrition services, counseling/mental health, physical exercise, health promotion for staff and outreach to families and communities), adapted to local circumstances. Participants reported a range of changes in attitudes (paying more attention to health, attaining better 'psychological quality' and confidence, forming friendships between teachers and students and feeling more relaxed), knowledge and concepts (increasing knowledge about various health issues, developing a broader concept of health and gaining better understanding about the HPS concept) and behavior (actively participating, increasing physical activity, improving sanitary habits, reducing or quitting smoking, eating more nutritiously, increasing safety behavior, sustaining less injuries and improving parent-child communication). This qualitative study shows the feasibility and efficacy of implementing HPS in Zhejiang Province, China.     

蛋白质组学在糖尿病视网膜病变中的应用

糖尿病视网膜病变是眼科常见的致盲眼病之一,其病理过程涉及视网膜、玻璃体等许多眼部组织,并引起相应部位甚至血清蛋白质表达水平及成分的变化。蛋白质组学作为一项从整体角度分析蛋白质变化的新兴科学,已逐渐被应用于糖尿病视网膜病变的研究,本文就蛋白质组学及其在糖尿病视网膜病变研究中的应用做一综述。     

Root Canal Morphology of Permanent Maxillary Teeth in the Han Nationality in Chinese Guanzhong Area: A New Modified Root Canal Staining Technique

IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to investigate the canal morphology of 504 maxillary permanent teeth of subjects of Han nationality in Chinese Guanzhong area.MethodsMaxillary permanent teeth were randomly collected in Guanzhong area. After regular preparation, the teeth were immersed into ink without preparing access cavities and then put into hyperbaric oxygen chamber (0.6 Mpa) for 2 hours to let the ink penetrate into root canal from apical foramen, apical deltas and foramen of lateral canals under stable positive pressure. After demineralization and clearing, the following observations were made: (1) number of root canals, (2) root canal configuration by using Vertucci's classification, (3) presence of lateral canals, and (4) frequency of apical deltas.ResultsAll the teeth were well-stained, and the fine details were well-revealed. Apical deltas (12.2%–83.3%) and lateral canals (13.7%–68.8%) could be frequently found in all types of maxillary teeth. Most of central incisors (95.8%), lateral incisors (91.4%), and canines (75.4%) displayed type I canal configuration, whereas most of first premolars (87.3%) and second premolars (72.3%) possessed 2 canals with type II, IV, or VI canal configuration. The majority of distobuccal roots and palatal roots of first molars (88.9%, 97.8%), second molars (92.0%, 94.0%), and third molars (87.5%, 91.6%) possessed type I canal configuration. The prevalence of mesiobuccal roots with type I configuration was 66.7% in maxillary first molars, 82% in second molars, and 62.5% in third molars.ConclusionsThe modified technique of canal staining can effectively reveal detailed root canal system. The canal configuration of maxillary teeth in subjects of Han nationality in Chinese Guanzhong area is consistent with previous reports in other races.     

老年人根面菌斑内氏放线菌临床分离株基因型多样性分析

目的分析老年人根面菌斑中内氏放线菌临床株的基因型多样性,探讨内氏放线菌基因型与根面龋的关系。方法选择老年根面龋患者20例设为根面龋组,无根面龋老年人20例设为无龋组。根面龋组以暴露的无龋根面和根面龋损部位为取样位点,无龋组以暴露的根面为取样位点,刮取菌斑进行临床株的分离鉴定,并利用基因外重复回文序列聚合酶链反应（REP-PCR）分析内氏放线菌基因型的多样性。结果2组共分离出内氏放线菌299株,选择156株进行REP-PCR分析,分离出61个不同的基因型。根面龋组无龋根面分离的57株内氏放线菌有25个基因型,根面龋损部位分离的34株有25个基因型,无龋组分离的65株有26个基因型：内氏放线菌基因型存在多样性。单个取样位点的基因型数目存在差异（P<0.05）。结论多种基因型的内氏放线菌参与了根面龋的发生。     

原发性眼内淋巴瘤的诊断及治疗

原发性眼内淋巴瘤(primary intraocular lymphoma,PIOL)多为弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤,易被误诊为葡萄膜炎.其恶性程度高,预后差,因此早期诊断并治疗至关重要.PIOL主要检测方法包括细胞学分析、细胞因子检测、免疫细胞化学分析、基因检测等,多种检测方式联合可以提高PIOL确诊率,但眼内组织活检是诊断PIOL的金标准.PIOL治疗尚无统一方案,目前主要以眼内局部化学治疗及眼眶放射治疗为主,多种治疗方法联合可以提高难治性PIOL的疗效.基于此,本文旨在通过综述目前PIOL的诊断及治疗,为临床诊疗提供一定的参考.     

张家港市境外输入性疟疾流行病学分析及防控对策探讨

目的分析张家港市境外输入性疟疾流行病学特征。方法收集2005-2015年张家港市疟疾疫情资料,采用回顾性分析的方法进行流行病学三间分布、费用、出入境方式及口岸分析。结果 2005-2015年张家港市境外输入疟疾中,恶性疟16例(64%),间日疟6例(24%),卵形疟3例(12%);病情危重1例(4%),重8例(32%),轻16例(64%);发病时间符合圆形分布,发病高峰点较国内感染病例早1个月,季节高峰平缓,在本市非流行季节也有发生。输入性疟疾病例主要来自非洲,其次是东南亚和大洋洲。结论张家港市境外输入性疟疾的防控在提高医务人员疟疾诊治能力及多部门合作的基础上,还需要运用信息技术,提高重点人群防控的覆盖面。     

年龄相关性白内障晶状体上皮细胞的超微结构研究

目的:研究年龄相关性白内障晶状体上皮的超微结构变化。方法:用日本产HU-12A型电镜对8例年龄相关性白内障及3例正常透明晶状体上皮细胞的超微结构进行观察。结果:7例年龄相关性白内障晶状体前囊上皮细胞形状不规则,相邻细胞间以许多复杂的指状突超紧密镶嵌,部分上皮细胞内水肿,细胞间隙亦水肿呈较大的空泡状,细胞内线粒体等细胞器肿胀,个别区域上皮细胞坏死脱落,1例年龄相关性白内障晶状体前囊上皮细胞体积固缩,细胞核染色质分裂并出现凝聚的凋亡小体。结论:晶状体上皮细胞超微结构的病理形态学改变是年龄相关性白内障发生发展的重要原因之一。     

体外传代培养对人视网膜色素上皮细胞免疫调控能力的影响

目的:研究体外传代培养对人类视网膜色素上皮(human reti-nal pigment epithelialium,HRPE)细胞免疫调控能力的影响。方法:建立HRPE细胞与异体淋巴细胞共培养系统,采用流式细胞术检测原代及传代HRPE细胞(第1、2、3、4、5、6代)Fas表达以及诱导异体淋巴细胞凋亡能力的差异。结果:HRPE与淋巴细胞体外共培养时,HRPE细胞Fas表达随着传代逐渐减弱,Fas表达与传代代数呈负相关(阳性细胞率r=-0.859,P<0.01;平均荧光强度r=-0.880,P<0.01),HRPE细胞诱导淋巴细胞凋亡随着传代逐渐减弱,淋巴细胞凋亡率与传代代数呈负相关(r=-0.838,P<0.01),共培养时传代HRPE细胞Fas表达迅速下降,至第3代与第4代间Fas表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),共培养时传代HRPE细胞诱导淋巴细胞凋亡率迅速下降,至第3代与第4代间淋巴细胞凋亡率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:体外传代培养的HRPE细胞,传代数越大细胞变异越大,第3代后细胞的免疫调控能力明显下降。     

双侧原发性乳腺癌16例报告

我院自1982年～1988年共收治16例经病理证实的双侧原发性乳腺癌，占同期乳腺癌的2．5％，其中同时性4例，异时性12例．5年生存率分别为25％、67％。本文结合文献对双侧原发性乳腺癌的诊断、发病的高危因素等问题进行讨论。作者认为对单侧乳癌治疗后患者应进行长期随访，对高危患者在对侧乳腺出现可疑病灶时应及时行活检。双原发乳癌经正确治疗仍有较好预后。