神经衰弱患者的重心平衡功能障碍与氟桂利嗪的治疗作用

目的:观察神经衰弱患者平衡功能障碍的情况,比较氟桂利嗪和三环类药物的疗效。方法:将80例神经衰弱患者随机分为氟桂利嗪和三环类药物治疗组,用EAB-100重心平衡测定仪进行治疗前后平衡功能的观察。结果:神经衰弱患者平衡功能障碍主要表现在重心弥散,经氟桂利嗪治疗后重心轨迹图显示重心集中于中心。氟桂利嗪治疗组治疗后力学波谱(Freq)睁眼(0.32±0.06)Hz和闭眼(0.39±0.08)Hz状态下均较治疗前犤(0.43±0.07),(0.53±0.08)Hz犦好转(t=8.940,9.037,P<0.05)。身体重心距坐标系中心的最大偏移距离(ARD)治疗后睁眼(3.20±1.47)mm,闭眼(4.80±1.86)mm较治疗前犤(6.60±1.32),(8.41±1.73)mm犦好转(t=4.468,t=6.455,P<0.05)。三环类药物治疗组与氟桂利嗪组治疗效果相似,Freq与ARD均较前好转(t=7.127～12.352,P<0.05)。结论:氟桂利嗪是一种具有抗组胺、抗5-羟色胺和抗多巴胺活性的选择性钙离子内流阻滞剂,对神经衰弱患者的平衡功能障碍有明显的改善作用。     

Efficacy and safety analysis of new P2Y12 inhibitors versus clopidogrel in patients with percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis

Objective:

New P2Y₁₂ inhibitors, classified as oral (prasugrel and ticagrelor) and intravenous (cangrelor and elinogrel) drugs, have shown improved antithrombotic effects compared with clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in landmark trials. The purpose of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of randomized trials that compared new P2Y₁₂ inhibitors with clopidogrel to determine their efficacy and safety in patients undergoing PCI.

Methods:

Randomized controlled trials of at least 4 weeks, comparing new P2Y₁₂ inhibitors with clopidogrel in PCI, were identified using the electronic databases Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar from January 1, 1980, to July 31, 2014.

Main outcome measures:

The primary efficacy endpoints were all-cause death and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). The primary safety endpoint was thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) major bleeding.

Results:

Twelve studies including 71,097 patients met the inclusion criteria. New P2Y₁₂ inhibitors significantly reduced all-cause death (odds ratio [OR]: 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.73–0.90, p?p?p?p?=?0.03) and cardiovascular death (OR 0.82; 95% CI 0.73–0.92, p?=?0.001) compared with clopidogrel. There were no significant differences between stroke (OR 0.87; 95% CI 0.72–1.05, p?=?0.14) and major bleeding events (OR 1.22; 95% CI 0.99–1.52, p?=?0.06) between the new P2Y₁₂ inhibitor and clopidogrel groups.

Conclusion:

New P2Y₁₂ inhibitors decreased death in patients undergoing PCI compared with clopidogrel with a considerable safety and tolerability profile; however, the risk/benefit ratio of ischemic and bleeding events should be further investigated.     

Review of research on the mechanical properties of the human tooth

‘Bronze teeth＇ reflect the mechanical properties of natural teeth to a certain extent. Their mechanical properties resemble those of a tough metal, and the gradient of these properties lies in the direction from outside to inside. These attributes confer human teeth with effective mastication ability. Understanding the various mechanical properties of human teeth and dental materials is the basis for the development of restorative materials. In this study, the elastic properties, dynamic mechanical properties （visco-elasticity） and fracture mechanical properties of enamel and dentin were reviewed to provide a more thorough understanding of the mechanical properties of human teeth.     

感染根管的治疗难点和对策

微生物感染是牙髓根尖周疾病发生和发展的根本原因,也是根管治疗失败的罪魁祸首.因此彻底清除根管系统内的感染物质,预防根管系统再感染,是保证根管治疗成功与否的关键.在临床根管治疗过程中,口腔环境定植细菌种类的多样性、牙髓组织环境的特殊性、根管系统解剖的复杂性以及治疗方法 的局限性,使得预防口腔微生物对根管系统的污染以及感染...     

WU polyomavirus infection among children in South China

This study aimed at investigating the prevalence and clinical characteristics of children with respiratory infection by WU polyomavirus (WUPyV) in Southern China. Nasopharyngeal aspirate samples were collected from 771 children with acute respiratory tract infection admitted to hospital and 82 samples from healthy subjects for routine examination at the outpatient service at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University, Medical College from July 2008 to June 2009. WUPyV was detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing. All WUPyV‐positive specimens were characterized further for nine viruses causing common respiratory infections, including in?uenza A and B, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus (PIV) 1 and 3, human metapneumovirus, human bocavirus, adenovirus, and rhinovirus by PCR or real time (RT)‐PCR. Fifteen out of 771 specimens from patients with acute respiratory tract infection, but none from healthy subjects, were positive for WUPyV and the positivity rate was 2%. Patients with WUPyV infection were between 2 and 48 months of age, and nine of the patients were male while six female. Four out of 15 patients were co‐infected with RSV, one with adenovirus or rhinovirus, respectively. Patients with WUPyV infection displayed predominantly cough, moderate fever, and wheezing, and were diagnosed with pneumonia (n = 8), bronchiolitis (n = 4), upper respiratory tract infections (n = 2) and bronchitis (n = 1). One patient developed encephalitis. Therefore, WUPyV infection can cause acute respiratory tract infection with atypical symptoms, including severe complications, in children. J. Med. Virol. 83:1440–1445, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

抗精神病药联用舍曲林治疗精神分裂症阴性症状疗效分析

目的探讨抗精神病药联用舍曲林治疗精神分裂症阴性症状的疗效。方法以阴性症状为主的住院精神分裂症50例,在原有抗精神病药基础上联用舍曲林治疗。疗程12周。使用阳性与阴性症状量表（PANSS）和治疗中出现的症状量表（TESS）在治疗前和治疗4、8、12周末各评定1次。结果联用舍曲林12周后,PANSS总分、阴性症状分与情感迟钝、情感退缩、情感交流障碍、被动/淡漠及社交退缩分均比治疗前显著下降。结论以阴性症状为主的精神分裂症,在使用抗精神病药物的同时联用舍曲林,对改善阴性症状有明显疗效。     

Effects of arginine vasopressin on growth of rat cardiac fibroblasts: role of V1 receptor

The abnormal proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts is involved in the pathophysiologic process of left ventricular hypertrophy (LHV) associated with essential hypertension. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) has been reported to contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of hypertension. In this study, the authors investigated the effects of AVP and its V1 receptor antagonist [d(CH2)5Tyr2(Me)]AVP on the growth of rat cardiac fibroblasts. Cardiac fibroblasts of neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats were isolated, and growth-arrested cardiac fibroblasts were stimulated with 2.5% fetal calf serum in the presence and absence of AVP (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, and 1 microM) and [d(CH2)5Tyr2(Me)]AVP (0.1 microM). DNA synthesis was measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation. Thiazolyl blue assay and flow cytometry techniques were adopted to measure cell numbers and analyze cell cycle, respectively. Arginine vasopressin (0.1 and 1 microM) significantly increased DNA synthesis in cardiac fibroblasts. Moreover, AVP (0.1 and 1 microM) significantly increased the number of cardiac fibroblasts. Analysis of cell cycle showed that AVP (0.1 microM) increased S-stage percentage and proliferation index (PI). The V1 receptor antagonist [d(CH2)5Tyr2(Me)]AVP (0.1 microM) significantly inhibited DNA synthesis in cardiac fibroblasts. The cell number, S-stage percentage, and PI induced by AVP (0.1 microM) were significantly decreased by [d(CH2)5Tyr2(Me)]AVP (0.1 microM). These findings suggest that AVP might promote the proliferation of rat cardiac fibroblasts, which seems to be mediated via the V1 receptor. Arginine vasopressin may be involved in the pathophysiologic process of LVH by promoting cardiac fibroblast proliferation.     

锌抗糖尿病大鼠视网膜神经细胞凋亡的实验研究

目的探讨锌对糖尿病大鼠视网膜神经细胞凋亡的作用及对凋亡相关基因表达的影响。方法链尿佐菌素诱导糖尿病大鼠模型,随机分成3组,即正常对照组、糖尿病模型组和硫酸锌治疗组,7周后处死实验大鼠,HE染色光镜观察视网膜组织结构和细胞形态,TUNEL技术检测细胞凋亡情况,免疫组化SP法测定Bcl-2、Bax以及Caspase-3蛋白表达水平。结果糖尿病模型组与正常对照组相比,大鼠视网膜神经细胞凋亡数分别为17.12±0.38和4.16±0.63(P<0.001);Bcl-2阳性细胞数分别为15.01±0.35和23.78±1.13(P<0.001);Bax和Caspase-3蛋白表达水平在糖尿病组为15.41±0.36和22.12±1.18,在正常组2者表达水平分别为6.48±0.82和4.92±0.59,2者差异均具有显著性(P<0.001);锌治疗组与模型组比较,TUNEL阳性表达减少(13.09±0.54),Bcl-2阳性细胞数增多(19.82±0.39),Bax和Caspase-3蛋白表达水平下降(11.20±1.25,18.36±0.43),2者各实验指标差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论硫酸锌能减少糖尿病大鼠视网膜神经细胞的凋亡,其抗凋亡作用可能与上调凋亡抑制基因Bcl-2的表达及下调凋亡促进基因Bax以及Caspase-3蛋白酶的表达有关。