Detection of spontaneous CD4+ T-cell responses in melanoma patients against a tyrosinase-related protein-2-derived epitope identified in HLA-DRB1*0301 transgenic mice.

PURPOSE: The frequently expressed differentiation antigen tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2) has repeatedly been described as a target of spontaneous cytotoxic T-cell responses in melanoma patients, suggesting that it might be an ideal candidate antigen for T cell-based immunotherapy. As a prerequisite for immunization, T-cell epitopes have to be identified. Whereas a number of HLA class I-presented TRP-2-derived epitopes are known, information about HLA class II-presented antigenic ligands recognized by CD4+ T helper (Th) cells is limited. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: The search for TRP-2-derived Th epitopes was carried out by competitive in vitro peptide binding studies with predicted HLA-DRB1*0301 ligands in combination with peptide and protein immunizations of HLA-DRB1*0301 transgenic mice. In vivo selected candidate epitopes were subsequently verified for their immunogenicity in human T-cell cultures. RESULTS: This strategy led to the characterization of TRP-2(60-74) as an HLA-DRB1*0301-restricted Th epitope. Importantly, TRP-2(60-74)-reactive human CD4+ Th cell lines, specifically recognizing target cells loaded with recombinant TRP-2 protein, could be established by repeated peptide stimulation of peripheral blood lymphocytes from several HLA-DRB1*03+ melanoma patients. Even short-term peptide stimulation of patients' peripheral blood lymphocytes showed the presence of TRP-2(60-74)-reactive T cells, suggesting that these T cells were already activated in vivo. CONCLUSION: Peptide TRP-2(60-74) might be a useful tool for the improvement of immunotherapy and immune monitoring of melanoma patients.     

乙酰丙酮钒在大鼠胃肠道吸收的初步研究

目的:研究乙酰丙酮钒在大鼠胃、小肠和大肠的吸收特性.方法:采用大鼠在体灌流实验,用石墨炉原子吸收法测定大鼠血浆中钒(V)浓度.结果:乙酰丙酮钒在10mg·kg-1剂量下在胃和大肠的吸收速率常数分别为2.853h-1和0.587h-1,AUC分别为158.6ng·mL-1·h和642.7ng·mL-1·h;在不同给药剂量(以钒计)10,25和50mg·kg-1时小肠的吸收速率常数分别为1.414,1.664和17.118h-1,AUC分别为1 714.0,4 641.2和5 554.7 ng·mL-1·h.结论:大鼠胃和大肠是乙酰丙酮钒的不良吸收部位,而小肠有较好吸收,吸收方式可能是被动扩散.     

Effects of rat urotensin Ⅱ on coronary flow and myocardial eNOS protein expression in isolated rat heart

AIM: To examine the effects of urotensin Ⅱ, a recently discovered endogenous peptide, on coronary flow (CF), cardiac function, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression in isolated rat hearts. METHODS: Heart was isolated and perfused retrogradely via the aorta in Langendorff mode. Rat urotensin Ⅱ was administered in the perfusion solution. The eNOS content in myocardium was determined by Western blot. RESULTS: Rat urotensin Ⅱ had no effect on the heart rate, left ventricular systolic pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, or ±dp/dtmax. While rat urotensin Ⅱ dose-dependently increased CF. CF was increased by 11.43 %, 6.67 %, 6.62 %, 6.56 %, 6.36 %, and 5.86 % respectively in a time-dependent manner at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 min after injection of rat urotensin II 6.66×10-2μg. The maximal effect on CF was found at 5 min following urotensin II administration. NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) did not prevent the increased CF in response to urotensin II. Rat uroten     

Banxia Xiexin Decoction(半夏泻心汤)Combined with Afatinib in Treatment of Advanced Gallbladder Cancer:Case Report and Literature Review

<正>Gallbladder cancer(GBC)is a malignancy of biliary tract which is infrequent in developed countries but common in some specific geographical regions of developingCurrently,GBC has a low early diagnosis rate and an extremely poor prognosis,leading to major problems for treatment of GBC.Liver invasion and metastasis one of the main causes of its poor prognosis,with its average overall survival of 6 months,     

右雷佐生联合磷酸肌酸钠对蒽环类药物致乳腺癌患者心脏损伤的保护作用

目的： 分析右雷佐生联合磷酸肌酸钠对蒽环类药物致乳腺癌患者心脏损伤的预防作用及安全性。方法：收集200例女性乳腺癌患者,随机分为对照组、A组、B组、C组,每组各50例。对照组给予标准剂量的AC或EC方案化疗,A组在对照组基础上给予注射用右雷佐生,B组在对照组基础上给予注射用磷酸肌酸钠,C组在对照组基础上给予右雷佐生及磷酸肌酸钠,3周为1个化疗周期。比较各组化疗后心脏损伤发生率,分析蒽环类药物致心脏毒性的危险因素,并观察化疗前及化疗3个周期后患者心电图、心肌酶、血清B型利钠肽（BNP）和心肌肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）水平、左室射血分数（LVEF）,以及不良反应发生率情况。结果：200例乳腺癌患者中,发生心脏损伤49例（24.5%）。4组之间的心脏损伤发生率具有显著差异（P < 0.05）,心脏损伤发生率排序为对照组（50.00%） > B组（24.00%） > A组（16.00%） > C组（8.00%）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,心脏保护方案的使用、化疗周期数 ＞ 3、蒽环类药物累积剂量 ＞ 400 mg与心脏损伤的发生相关（P < 0.05）。化疗周期数 > 3、蒽环类药物累积剂量 > 400 mg是蒽环类药物致心脏毒性的独立危险因素,而使用心脏保护剂则是保护因素。对照组化疗后心电图异常发生率高于A、B、C组（P < 0.05）。化疗前各组患者心肌酶、BNP、cTnI、LVEF比较,差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）;化疗后对照组BNP、cTnI水平高于A、B、C组（P < 0.05）。4组化疗期间不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论：右雷佐生联合磷酸肌酸钠用于蒽环类药物致乳腺癌患者心脏损伤有良好的效果且安全性较好。     

LAT1表达水平与非肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者术后复发风险的相关性研究

目的：探讨L型氨基酸转运蛋白1(L-type amino acid transporter 1,LAT)表达水平与非肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者术后复发风险的相关性。方法：选取2021年2月至2022年2月于重庆医科大学附属永川医院接受手术治疗的非肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者108例作为研究对象,采用反转录酶聚合酶链反应测定膀胱癌组织(取自肿瘤所在部位区域)和癌旁组织(取自邻近正常区域组织)LAT1表达含量,对比膀胱癌组织和癌旁组织LAT1表达水平。同时根据膀胱癌组织LAT1表达含量的二分位数将所有患者分为高表达组和低表达组,对比2组临床病理参数。随访观察12个月观察2组术后复发情况,采用Kaplan-Meier曲线分析对比2组术后复发风险,使用多变量Cox比例风险回归模型确定术后复发的影响因素。结果：膀胱癌组织LAT1表达水平(1.80±0.35)较配对的癌旁组织LAT1表达水平(1.05±0.17)高(P<0.05);LAT1高表达组吸烟史、临床分期T₁占比较LAT1低表达组高(P<0.05);108例膀胱肿瘤患者术后的平均随访时间为(10.84±1.94)个月,...     

股骨近端髓内钉与动力髋螺钉在股骨粗隆部骨折治疗中临床疗效的对比分析

[目的]评价股骨近端髓内钉(PFNA)与动力髋螺钉(DHS)在股骨粗隆骨折治疗中的临床疗效.[方法]将应用PFNA(39例)与DHS(36例)治疗的75例患者,从术中情况、术后并发症以及术后髋关节功能的恢复情况对两种治疗方法的临床疗效进行比较分析.[结果]DHS的手术失血量高于PFNA(P＜0.05),同时其术后并发症也较PFNA明显增多(P＜0.05),髋关节功能Harris评分优秀率也低于PFNA治疗组(P＜0.05).[结论]PFNA在治疗上较DHS具有操作简单、创伤小、骨折固定牢固、并发症少及术后患者可早期离床负重等优点,是一种治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的理想方法,值得临床推广使用.     

丹参酮对不稳定性心绞痛患者炎症因子的影响

目的探讨中药制剂丹参酮注射液对冠心病不稳定性心绞痛血清多种炎症因子水平的影响。方法将入选的病人随机分为丹参酮组和对照组,ELISA法测定各组患者入院时和治疗7天后血清p-selectin、hs-CRP、IL-6、PAI-1水平。结果丹参酮治疗7天后患者血清p-selectin、hs-CRP、IL-6、PAI-1的水平显著低于对照组。结论丹参酮注射液能显著降低不稳定性心绞痛患者血清多种炎症因子水平,这可能是其产生治疗作用的机制之一。     

儿童注意缺陷多动障碍的冲动行为

近年来,冲动症状在注意缺陷多动障碍诊疗与研究中的地位与作用受到重视.文章回顾了冲有关动的行为学方面的研究,认为冲动个体有行为抑制缺陷、不能忍受延迟强化以及可能存在时间知觉方面的问题.同时指出,冲动是注意缺陷障碍的核心症状与本质特征,对儿童的影响涵盖了从认知、情绪、运动到社会等的所有领域,并比较了两种关于冲动行为作用机制的理论:行为反应抑制理论和适时假说.文章提出加强心理学、神经生物学及精神病学等不同研究领域的协作,共享研究资料,会为冲动行为的研究带来新的进展.     

Two important factors affecting the prognosis of patients treated with sorafenib followed by regorafenib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of hand–foot syndrome (HFS) and fatigue on disease progression and survival in patients treated with sorafenib followed by regorafenib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.MethodsA retrospective analysis of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib in our hospital from 1 October 2018 to 31 October 2021 was performed, and clinical and pathological data and follow-up results were obtained. Patients were divided into groups according to the severity of HFS and fatigue. Survival analysis among the groups was performed using the Kaplan–Meier method, continuous variables were analyzed using the t-test, and factors associated with survival were evaluated using multivariate Cox regression analysis.ResultsThe study included 150 men and 23 women with a mean age of 60.77 years (range: 40–85 years). The median overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and time to tumor progression (TTP) increased with increasing severity of HFS. Conversely, the median OS, PFS, and TTP decreased with increasing severity of fatigueConclusionHFS and fatigue were independent risk factors affecting TTP, PFS, and OS among patients treated with sorafenib followed by regorafenib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.