空心胶囊中残留氯乙醇的测定方法改进

目的：改进空心胶囊中残留氯乙醇的测定方法。方法：利用大口径毛细管柱的“溶剂效应”技术,进行测定。结果;色谱图重现性佳,分离效果好。结论;对氯乙醇的测定中,采用大口径毛细管柱分离效果优于固定液为聚乙二醇－１５００的填充性。     

Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of thiazolyl indolequinones

A number of thiazolyl indolequinones have been prepared and evaluated for their antitumor properties. The compounds were synthesized from the appropriate indole, building up the thiazole ring using the Hantzsch reaction. Cytotoxic activity was determined in the human breast cancer SKBr3 cell line. Selected compounds were also studied in human lung carcinoma A549 and PV9 cell lines. In addition, some compounds were evaluated for their possible bioreductive action by determining their cytotoxicity towards V79 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts in air and under anaerobic (hypoxic) conditions.     

师范院校贫困新生与非贫困新生心理健康状况的比较

目的:比较师范院校贫困新生与非贫困新生的心理健康状况。方法:于2005-10在衡阳师范学院完成调查。采用整群抽样横断面调查方法,以衡阳师范学院2005级3089名新生为调查对象,运用症状自评量表对其进行集体测查。在统一指导语下,学生根据最近1周内的自我感觉答题,独立完成,当场收卷。结果数据运用光电阅读机(OMR2000)输入计算机心理测评工具箱标准版V3.0系统进行总分和因子分的统计。量表中没有回答的项目记为"没有",5个以上项目未答者视为问卷无效以及总分低于95分的问卷因缺乏可靠性均不进行分析。所有数据输入电脑后用SPSS11.0软件进行统计分析;群体差异比较用t和Z检验。结果:共发放3089份问卷,收回有效答卷2994份,有效率为96.92%,其中贫困新生有效答卷510份,占17.03%。问卷结果显示,师范院校贫困新生在人际关系、偏执和精神病性3项因子上的得分分别为1.86±0.54,1.70±0.48和1.58±0.43,明显高于非贫困新生(1.78±0.51,1.65±0.46,1.53±0.39,t=3.34,2.02,2.92,P<0.05)。从阳性因子的人数比率来看,师范院校贫困新生在总分阳性的人数比率为0.28,明显低于非贫困新生(0.33,Z=-2.27,P<0.05);而在人际关系、偏执和精神病性3项因子阳性的人数比率分别为0.35,0.30,0.16,明显高于非贫困新生(0.31,0.24,0.13,Z=1.73,2.72,1.71,P<0.05)。结论:师范院校贫困新生的整体心理健康状况并不比非贫困新生差,但是在人际关系敏感、偏执和精神病性3个问题上明显比非贫困新生要严重。     

克隆测序确认HLA新等位基因B*3712

目的：由于技术原理的限制，目前尚不能对所有的HLA等位基因进行严格的区分，特别是以往没有发现的新基因序列只能通过测序的方法解决，然而，当遇到等位基因杂合时，测序给出的结果仍然无法确认新的序列改变发生在等位基因的哪一侧，这时需要用分子生物学方法分离杂合子然后进行测序才能确定新的基因序列。采用基因克隆方法确认HLA新等位基因。 方法：实验于2006-01／05在河南省红十字血液中心HLA实验室，美国海军骨髓库HLA实验室完成。造血干细胞血样由中华骨髓库提供。采用荧光微珠HLA分型方法对中华骨髓库捐献者血样进行HLA分型检测，无法给出确切结果的摸棱两可结果标本用基因克隆（TOPO TA Cloning）、DNA测序的方法确认新的HLA基因序列。 结果：通过克隆分离杂合等位基因，再进行测序确认发现新的序列与B^＊3709相比，出现4个核苷酸改变：1．355nt C〉A，2．363nt C〉G，3．412nt G〉A，4．477ntC〉G，而且均发生在H哺B基因外显子3（exon3）。4处改变引起氨基酸编码改变：①编码95CTC〉ATC，氨基酸改变L〉1（亮氨酸〉异亮氨酸）。②97AGC〉AGG．S〉R（丝氨酸〉精氨酸）。③114GAC〉AACD〉N（天门冬氨酸〉天冬酰胺）。（9135GCC〉GCGA=A无氨基酸改变。 结论：①新的基因序列已经在GenBnak注册，被WHO的HLA因子命名委员会得到正式命名为HLA-B^＊3712基因。②基因克隆是确认HLA新基因的根本方法。     

The use of a recombinant immunoblot assay in the interpretation of anti- hepatitis C virus reactivity among prospectively followed patients, implicated donors, and random donors

Samples from prospectively followed recipients, their respective donors, and a cohort of random donors were used to evaluate the specificity and efficacy of a recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) as an adjunct to anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) testing by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). RIBA reacted (RIBA+) in 100 percent of patients who developed hepatitis associated with anti-HCV seroconversion documented by EIA and in 100 percent of the EIA-positive (EIA+) donors implicated in these cases. In contrast, RIBA reacted in none of 10 recipients who were EIA+ but did not develop hepatitis, in none of 7 EIA+ patients with hepatitis B or cytomegalovirus infection, in 33 percent of EIA+ donors who were not implicated in hepatitis transmission, and in 37 percent of EIA+ random donors. Hence, the vast majority of EIA+ individuals who have ancillary evidence of HCV infection react on RIBA, whereas the majority of EIA+ individuals in low-risk settings do not react (RIBA-negative, or RIBA-). There was a strong association between RIBA reactivity and the presence of a surrogate marker (elevated alanine aminotransferase [ALT] and/or antibody to hepatitis B core antigen); 43 percent of RIBA+ implicated donors had a surrogate marker as compared to none of 14 EIA+, RIBA- donors. Among EIA+ random donors, 77 percent of those with a surrogate marker were RIBA+, as compared with 29 percent of those without a surrogate marker. In addition, in EIA+ donors, RIBA reactivity correlated with the extent of ALT elevation; 86 percent of those with an ALT greater than 135 IU per L were RIBA+ compared with 18 percent of those with an ALT less than 30 IU per L.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Can cost utility evaluations inform decision making about interventions for low back pain?

Background contextLow back pain (LBP) is associated with high health-care utilization and lost productivity. Numerous interventions are routinely used, although few are supported by strong evidence. Cost utility analyses (CUAs) may be helpful to inform decision makers.PurposeTo conduct a systematic review of CUAs of interventions for LBP.Study designSystematic review.MethodsA search strategy combining medical subject headings and free text related to LBP and health economic evaluations was executed in MEDLINE. Cost utility analyses combined with randomized controlled trials for LBP were included. Studies that were published before 1998, non-English, decision analyses, and duplicate reports were excluded. Search results were evaluated by two reviewers, who extracted data independently related to clinical study design, economic study design, direct cost components, utility results, cost results, and CUA results.ResultsThe search produced 319 citations, and of these 15 met eligibility criteria. Most were from the United Kingdom (n=8), published in the past 3 years (n=12), studied chronic LBP or radiculopathy (n=13), and had a follow-up >12 months (n=13). Combined, there were 33 study groups who received a mean 2.1 interventions, most commonly education (n=17), exercise therapy (n=13), spinal manipulation therapy (n=7), surgery (n=7), and usual care from a general practitioner (n=7). Mean baseline utility was 0.57, improving to 0.67 at follow-up; the mean difference in utility improvement between study groups was 0.04. Based on available data and converted to US dollars, the cost per quality-adjusted life year ranged from $304 to $579,527, with a median of $13,015.ConclusionsFew CUAs were identified for LBP, and there was heterogeneity in the interventions compared, direct cost components measured, indirect costs, other methods, and results. Reporting quality was mixed. Currently published CUAs do not provide sufficient information to assist decision makers. Future CUAs should attempt to measure all known direct cost components relevant to LBP, estimate indirect costs such as lost productivity, have a follow-up period sufficient to capture meaningful changes, and clearly report methods and results to facilitate interpretation and comparison.     

Water extracts from Momordica charantia increase glucose uptake and adiponectin secretion in 3T3-L1 adipose cells

To examine the effects of Momordica charantia on glucose uptake and adiponectin secretion in adipose cells, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with three concentrations (0.2, 0.3 and 0.4mg/ml) of water and ethanol extracts of Momordica charantia fruit and seeds alone and in combination with either 0.5nM or 50nM insulin. The treatment combination of 0.2mg/ml water extract and 0.5nM insulin was associated with significant (p<0.05) increases in glucose uptake (61%) and adiponectin secretion (75%) over control levels. The ethanol extract was not associated with an increase in glucose uptake; however, a dose-dependent decrease in basal glucose uptake and insulin-mediated glucose uptake was observed with the ethanol extract in combination with 50nM insulin. In the absence of insulin, no effects on glucose uptake were observed in adipocytes exposed to the water extracts whereas the highest concentration (0.4mg/ml) of the ethanol extract was associated with a significant (p<0.05) decrease in glucose uptake relative to controls. The present results indicate that water-soluble component(s) in Momordica charantia enhance the glucose uptake at sub-optimal concentrations of insulin in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, which is accompanied by and may be a result of increased adiponectin secretion from the 3T3-L1 adipocytes.