狂犬病毒糖蛋白基因重组腺病毒与同一抗原核酸疫苗的联合免疫研究

目的 研究联合运用狂犬病毒糖蛋白基因重组腺病毒与同一抗原核酸疫苗对小鼠的免疫效果。方法 构建狂犬病毒糖蛋白（GP）的真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1/CVS-N2c GP作为核酸疫苗，瞬时转染COS－7细胞，间接免疫荧光试验检测pcDNA3.1/CVS-N2c GP的表达；以基因枪方法进行初次免疫接种和首次加强免疫，以表达同一抗原的复制缺陷型重组腺病毒通过鼻腔接种进行第二次加强免疫；ELISA试验检测血清狂犬病毒特异性IgG抗体，快速荧光灶抑制试验（RFFTT）检测狂犬病毒中和抗体。结果 间接免疫荧光试验表明pcDNA3.1/CVS-N2c GP能有效地表达GP于转染的细胞膜上，ELISA试验表明小鼠接受基因核核酸免疫后，仅诱导产生低水平的特异性抗体，而且重组腺病毒进行加强免疫后，特异性抗体水平显著提高。结论 联合运用狂犬病毒糖蛋白基因重组腺病毒与同种抗原核酸疫苗可克服它们单独使用时各自的缺点，能有效地诱导小鼠产生抗狂犬病毒特异免疫。     

冠心病支架植入术后病人自我管理能力与焦虑、抑郁的相关性研究

[目的]了解冠心病支架植入术后病人自我管理能力与焦虑、抑郁状况以及之间的关系。[方法]选择西安市3所三级甲等医院心内科经冠状动脉造影确诊为冠心病且行支架植入术病人133例,采用自制一般资料调查表进行调查,1月后,采用冠心病自我管理量表（CSMS）和医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）电话随访调查。[结果]冠心病支架植入术后病人自我管理状况处于中等低下水平;冠心病病人中焦虑、抑郁的发生率分别为24.8%、18.0%;冠心病病人自我管理能力与焦虑、抑郁呈负相关。[结论]冠心病支架植入术后病人的自我管理能力与焦虑、抑郁状况相互影响。     

Extent and consequences of inadequate disease control among adults with a history of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis

Since control of atopic dermatitis (AD) remains challenging but has not been adequately characterized, the objective of this study was to characterize disease control among patients with a history of moderate to severe AD. Data were from the 2014 Adelphi US AD Disease Specific Programme, a cross‐sectional survey of physicians (n = 202) and their patients with history of moderate to severe AD (n = 1064, 54% female, 75% white, mean age 40 years). Inadequately controlled AD as rated by the physician was defined as currently flaring; deteriorating/changeable AD; or physician dissatisfaction with current control. The overall inadequate control rate was 58.7% (n = 625), which increased with current AD severity and was observed in 53.4% and 83.4% of patients receiving immunosuppressants and systemic corticosteroids, respectively. Relative to controls, inadequately controlled patients had poorer disease‐specific quality of life, higher level of work impairment, greater itch and sleep interference with daily living (all P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed factors significantly associated with inadequate control (all P < 0.05), including Hispanic race, symptoms on the head/neck or lower limbs, itch and sleep interference with daily living. A limitation of the study was reliance on accuracy of reporting, potential selection bias and cross‐sectional study design. In summary, there was a high rate and substantial impact of physician‐rated inadequately controlled disease among patients with a history of moderate to severe AD, suggesting the need for more effective therapies.     

自体脂肪颗粒移植在小颏微塑形中的应用

目的探讨自体脂肪颗粒在小颏微塑形中的应用效果。方法小颏微塑形病人21例,根据面部黄金分割线三庭五眼、RICKETTS美学平面、颏部畸形程度、脸型、个人要求等因素,设计出颏部的长度、翘度、宽度及形态,获取和纯化自体颗粒脂肪,于颏正中线颏唇沟下方作穿刺点,将脂肪注入颏骨膜上方和皮下层并塑形。结果术后随访3个月～1年,21例病人颏部塑形效果满意,无感染、硬结、脂肪液化等并发症发生。结论自体脂肪颗粒移植是一种改善轻、中度小颏畸形有效手段。     

Plasma vaspin concentrations are decreased in acute coronary syndrome,but unchanged in patients without coronary lesions

Objective

Previous studies suggested that decreased serum vaspin levels were associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). The present study aimed to investigate the association between plasma vaspin levels and different states of CAD.

Design and methods

A total of 162 patients with coronary angiography (CAG) proved that CAD was enrolled. Additional 103 patients complained with “chest discomfort” with negative CAG, and 60 normal subjects were enrolled in this study. The levels of plasma vaspin, adiponectin, clinical parameters, lipid profile and C reactive protein (CRP) were measured.

Results

The levels of plasma vaspin were significantly lower in the CAD group (0.47 ± 0.63 μg/L) than those in the healthy group and CAG (−) group (all p < 0.001). In CAD group, the pos hoc analysis showed that serum vaspin concentration in acute myocardial infarction group (0.21 ± 0.19 μg/L) was significantly lower than that in the unstable angina pectoris group (0.40 ± 0.37 μg/L) (p = 0.012), and serum vaspin concentration in unstable angina pectoris was significantly lower than that in stable angina pectoris group (0.92 ± 0.94 μg/L) (p = 0.013). The plasma vaspin concentration was also negatively correlated with the severity of CAD (1-vessel: 0.86 ± 0.90 μg/L; 2-vessel: 0.36 ± 0.39 μg/L; 3-vessel: 0.21 ± 0.16 μg/L). The plasma vaspin concentration in CAG (−) group with “chest discomfort” (1.93 ± 2.57 μg/L) was similar to the healthy control group (2.18 ± 3.49 μg/L).

Conclusions

The plasma vaspin concentration correlated to the severity of CAD. Furthermore, plasma vaspin has a value of avoiding patients without CAD from unnecessary CAG.     

CD40-1C/T单核苷酸多态性与缺血性脑卒中易感性的研究进展

缺血性脑卒中发病受多种遗传和环境因素的影响。动脉粥样硬化是缺血性脑卒中的重要病理、生理基础,目前研究发现CD40/CD40配体（CD40L）系统及血清可溶性CD40配体（sCD40L）参与动脉粥样硬化等炎性反应过程进而影响缺血性脑卒中的发生、发展。而CD40-1C/T单核苷酸多态性可通过调控该系统及血清sCD40L影响缺血性脑卒中的疾病易感性。本文对CD40-1C/T单核苷酸多态性与缺血性脑卒中易感性的研究进展进行综述。     

高同型半胱氨酸与脑梗死再发的相关性研究

目的探讨补充叶酸、维生素B6降低同型半胱氨酸能否降低脑梗死的再发。方法将163例入选患者随机分为研究组(服用叶酸、维生素B6)及对照组,随访1年,比较服药前后同型半胱氨酸水平及脑梗死复发率。结果随访1年,151例患者完成研究,35例患者在1年内再发脑梗死。研究组同型半胱氨酸水平较对照组下降(P<0.05),两组间脑梗死再发率差异无统计学意义。结论补充叶酸、维生素B6有助于降低同型半胱氨酸水平,但并未降低脑梗死再发率。     

从阴血不足探讨酸枣仁汤合用百合地黄汤治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的机理

绝经后骨质疏松症是一种由于体内雌激素缺乏引起的全身性骨退行性疾病,是生理与病理综合作用的结果,临床表现以骨痛、脊柱畸形、骨折为主。天癸是促进人体生长、发育和维持生殖所必需的物质。围绝经期女性天癸将竭,太冲脉虚,阴血生化乏源,营阴不足,阴虚则不能制阳,阳气亢盛为害,导致机体处于阴血不足,阳亢不制的状态。针对女性的生理特点及本病的发病特点,采用酸枣仁汤合并百合地黄汤以养血敛阴清热,可使肝木有制,肾水充盈,阴血内藏,精血得以滋养骨骼而筋强骨壮。本文将根据阴血不足理论对酸枣仁汤合并百合地黄汤治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的机理进行探讨,以期为绝经后骨质疏松症病机的研究及临床治疗提供思路。     

A型肉毒毒素对大鼠胃动力作用的研究

目的探讨A型肉毒毒素(BTA)对大鼠胃动力的作用及其机制。方法选用雄性Wistar大鼠40只,随机分为4组,对照组,BTA10U(小剂量)组、20U(中剂量)组、40U(大剂量)组。给药方法均为剖腹胃窦部肌层注射,观察12周,记录进食量及体重变化。12周末,测定胃半排空时间以评价BTA对胃动力的影响,再用免疫组化法测定胃窦部乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)的表达。结果①中、大剂量组大鼠进食量及体重较对照组明显减低(P<0.05);小剂量组进食量及体重在短时间内与对照组比较差别显著(P<0.05)。②12周末,小剂量组胃半排时间110.5±26.67min长于对照组86.83±22.98min,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);中剂量组(161.67±23.53min)和大剂量组(200.33±44.37min)与对照组比较差异显著(P<0.05)。③AChE在胃窦部肌间神经丛表达的IOD值分别为:中剂量组(72.44±18.43)、大剂量组(68.38±10.60),显著低于对照组(98.05±16.53),差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论BTA通过抑制胆碱能神经末梢Ach的释放,引起胃动力降低,胃排空减慢,致大鼠进食减少,体重减轻。     

脑心通预处理可减轻急性低压低氧诱发的小鼠认知功能损害

目的：探讨脑心通对急性低压低氧诱发的空间记忆功能损害的预防作用及机制。方法：36只小鼠随机分为2组：对照组,给药组;每组包括3个亚组（常压常氧组、海拔4000m组、海拔8000m组,n=6）。比较Y型电迷宫测试成绩及脑组织CAT、SOD、GSH、GSH-PX、MDA及LD的含量。结果：脑心通可以改善低压低氧小鼠的电迷宫测试记忆保持率;提高小鼠脑组织SOD、GSH、GSH-PX和CAT含量（P〈0.01）,而减低了MDA与LD的含量（P〈0.01）。结论：脑心通可减轻急性低压低氧导致的小鼠空间记忆能力下降,其机制与抑制氧化应激反应有关。