花椒及其混淆品的rDNA ITS区序列分析与鉴别

目的研究不同居群的花椒及其混淆品的rDNA ITS区碱基序列的特征及其差异，为花椒的鉴别提供可靠的分子标记。方法运用PCR产物直接测序和克隆测序法对甘肃、陕西、四川、河北等7个花椒居群及3个混淆种的rDNA ITS区(包括ITS1，5.8S，ITS2)碱基序列进行序列测定。结果首次报道花椒ITS区的碱基序列，序列总长度为619-620 bp，长度变异较少，与混淆种长度仅相差4 bp。花椒各居群中，rDNA ITS区碱基序列有15个变异位点、12个信息位点、3个特异性识别位点。与混淆品间的碱基差异则较为显著，多达71个变异位点，有4个花椒特异性识别位点。结论依据花椒ITS区的序列特征可准确鉴别各居群的花椒及其混淆品；亲缘关系密切的花椒居群在地理位置上也非常靠近；rDNA ITS序列特征可作为花椒种内和种间鉴别的有效分子标记。     

羟苯氨酮对实验性心肌缺血的治疗作用

目的研究强心扩血管新药羟苯氨酮(oxyphenamone)对心肌缺血的治疗作用。方法用多导生理记录仪和电磁流量计测定心脏血流动力学参数，观察药物对阻断冠脉致急性心肌梗死猫心脏生理功能的影响。形成异丙肾上腺素致大鼠心肌缺血坏死模型，从心肌酶学及病理形态学方面评价药效。结果羟苯氨酮(2-8 mg·kg^-1,iv)可剂量依赖性地降低心梗猫的心率、血压、血管阻力与张力时间指数(TTI)，轻度增加心肌收缩力与心输出量，不影响左室压与心脏作功。羟苯氨酮(4-8 mg·kg^-1,ip)可明显减轻异丙肾上腺素致大鼠心肌肌酸磷酸激酶(CPK)、丙二醛(MDA)与血清谷草转氨酶(GOT)活性变化与病理形态学损伤。结论羟苯氨酮对心肌缺血性损伤有明显治疗作用。     

川芎配方颗粒剂的制备工艺研究

目的　通过考察川芎配方颗粒剂的含量稳定性,确定最佳制剂工艺。方法　将制剂置于恒温恒湿条件下,按规定时间取样,考察主要有效成分含量。结果　制剂Ⅱ含量稳定性优于制剂Ⅰ。结论　将川芎挥发油制成β环糊精包合物,稳定性好,可推广至其它中药配方颗粒剂的制备。     

老龄大鼠膀胱生理特性改变的实验研究

目的:探讨老龄大鼠膀胱生理特性的改变及其可能机制.方法:雌性Wistar大鼠分为年轻成年组(6月龄)和老龄组(24月龄),通过在体充盈期膀胱测压,判定逼尿肌不稳定的发生率,比较两组最大膀胱容量和漏尿点压的差异;在水浴条件下,分别测量两组新鲜逼尿肌条的自发收缩频率、应力作用下的反应张力、对电刺激的反应强度等指标,并对实验结果进行统计学分析.结果:与年轻成年组相比,老龄大鼠表现为更易出现逼尿肌不稳定;麻醉条件下最大膀胱容量显著增加(P＜0.01),漏尿点压无明显差异;自发收缩频率显著增高(P＜0.05).老龄大鼠逼尿肌条在应力增加时,张力上升缓慢;应力降低时,张力下降迅速.应力改变时电刺激诱发收缩表现为与单纯应力改变时的张力改变相似,张力增加值在两组间元差异.结论:老龄膀胱功能的改变与自身逼尿肌兴奋性增加、高顺应性、弹性降低有关,肌源性改变是其主要因素.     

The effects of sucrose on stability of human brain natriuretic peptide [hBNP (1–32)] and human parathyroid hormone [hPTH (1–34)]

Abstract: Although the effect of sucrose on the physical stability of proteins has been well documented, its impact on their chemical stability is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential effects of sucrose on the structural conformation of human brain natriuretic peptide [hBNP (1–32)] and the synthetic human parathyroid hormone [hPTH (1–34)], and link these effects to chemical degradation pathways of these peptides. The stability of hBNP (1–32) and hPTH (1–34) was studied at pH 5.5. Aggregation was monitored using size exclusion high‐performance liquid chromatography (SE‐HPLC), whereas oxidation and deamidation products were measured by reversed phase (RP) HPLC. Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy was used to study the peptides’ conformation. Sucrose retarded aggregation, deamidation, and oxidation of hBNP (1–32) and hPTH (1–34), with a maximum effect at relatively high concentrations (as much as 1 m ). FT‐IR spectroscopy indicated that sucrose maintained the native conformation of hBNP (1–32) and induced small conformation changes in the hPTH (1–34) structure. Sucrose enhanced the stability of hBNP (1–32) and hPTH (1–34) in liquid formulations. The stabilizing effect of sucrose was due to a large extent to retardation of oxidation and deamidation of hBNP (1–32) and hPTH (1–34).     

HPLC法检查小剂量阿司匹林肠溶片中的游离水杨酸

目的:建立HPLC法检查小剂量阿司匹林肠溶片中游离水杨酸的方法.方法:以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂,甲醇-水-冰醋酸(8:5.5:1)为流动相,检测波长302nm.结果:水杨酸在1.53～30.54μg·mL-1(r=0.9999)的浓度范围内线性关系良好;方法平均回收率为99.92%,RSD为0.77%(n=6).结论:本方法快速、准确,可用于检查小剂量阿司匹林肠溶片中的游离水杨酸.     

南沙参中β-谷甾醇的分光光度法测定

建立了分光光度法测定南沙参中β-谷甾醇的含量.以浓硫酸为显色剂,测定波长为407nm.β-谷甾醇在5～30μg/ml范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为97.8%.     

1α,25-二羟维生素D_3对患者PBMC分泌的IFN-α和IL-10水平的影响

目 的 探 讨 １α，２５－二羟 维生 素 Ｄ_３（１α，２５－（ＯＨ ）２Ｄ ）对 系 统性 红斑 狼 疮（ＳＬＥ）患 者 外周 血 单个 核 ３细 胞（ＰＢＭ Ｃ）分 泌的 白细 胞 介素 （ＩＬ）－１０ 和 干扰 素 （ＩＦＮ ）－α水平 的 影响 。方法 ２０ 例 ＳＬＥ 患 者和 １０ 名健 康 志愿者 ＰＢＭ Ｃ 的提 取 采 用 Ｆｉｃｏｌ密 度 梯 度 离 心 法 ，ＳＬＥ 组 和 对 照 组 在 不 加 或 加 入 １α，２５－（Ｏ Ｈ ）２Ｄ３ 的 情 况 下 孵 育 ７２ ｈ收 集培 养 上清 ，上 清液 ＩＬ－１０ 和 ＩＦＮ－α水平 检 测采 用酶 联 免疫 吸附 试 验（ＥＬＩＳＡ ）。结 果 与 正常 对 照组 相比 ，ＳＬＥ组 ＰＢＭ Ｃ 中 ＩＬ－１０ 和 ＩＦＮ－α水 平 明 显 增高 （Ｐ＜０．０１）。０．０１ ｍ ｏｌ／Ｌ １α，２５－（Ｏ Ｈ ）２Ｄ３ 的 加 入 明 显 抑 制 了 ＳＬＥ 组ＰＢＭ Ｃ 中 ＩＦＮ －α的 产 生 （Ｐ＜０．０１），增 加 了 ＳＬＥ 组 ＰＢＭ Ｃ 中 ＩＬ－１０ 的 产 生 （Ｐ＜０．０１），但 对 正 常 对 照 组 ＩＦＮ －α和ＩＬ－１０ 水平 无明 显 影响 。结 论 １α，２５－（ＯＨ ）２Ｄ 可 能 抑制 体外 培 养的 ＳＬＥ 患 者 ＰＢＭ Ｃ ＩＦＮ －α的产 生     

Gender-specific gene expression in post-mortem human brain: localization to sex chromosomes.

Gender differences in brain development and in the prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression have been reported. Gender differences in human brain might be related to patterns of gene expression. Microarray technology is one useful method for investigation of gene expression in brain. We investigated gene expression, cell types, and regional expression patterns of differentially expressed sex chromosome genes in brain. We profiled gene expression in male and female dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and cerebellum using the Affymetrix oligonucleotide microarray platform. Differentially expressed genes between males and females on the Y chromosome (DBY, SMCY, UTY, RPS4Y, and USP9Y) and X chromosome (XIST) were confirmed using real-time PCR measurements. In situ hybridization confirmed the differential expression of gender-specific genes and neuronal expression of XIST, RPS4Y, SMCY, and UTY in three brain regions examined. The XIST gene, which silences gene expression on regions of the X chromosome, is expressed in a subset of neurons. Since a subset of neurons express gender-specific genes, neural subpopulations may exhibit a subtle sexual dimorphism at the level of differences in gene regulation and function. The distinctive pattern of neuronal expression of XIST, RPS4Y, SMCY, and UTY and other sex chromosome genes in neuronal subpopulations may possibly contribute to gender differences in prevalence noted for some neuropsychiatric disorders. Studies of the protein expression of these sex-chromosome-linked genes in brain tissue are required to address the functional consequences of the observed gene expression differences.     

The cyclooxygenase-2 product prostaglandin E2 modulates cardiac contractile function in adult rat ventricular cardiomyocytes.

Prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), a product of the cyclooxygenase-2 pathway, has been shown to increase cardiac output and modulate cardiac contractile function. However, whether the cardiac contractile response of PGE(2) is due to its action on single ventricular myocytes has not been elucidated. To assess the mechanical effect of PGE(2) at the cellular level, adult rat ventricular myocytes were isolated and stimulated to contract at 0.5Hz. Mechanical and intracellular Ca(2+) properties were evaluated using an IonOptix Myocam analog-to-digital optical detection system. Contractile and intracellular Ca(2+) properties were evaluated as peak shortening (PS), time-to-PS (TPS), time-to-90% relengthening (TR(90)), maximal velocity of shortening or relengthening (+/-dL/dt) and Ca(2+)-induced intracellular Ca(2+) fluorescence release (CICR), baseline intracellular Ca(2+) levels and intracellular Ca(2+) decay rate (tau). PGE(2) (10(-8) to 10(-3)M) elicited an augmentation in PS but had no effect on TPS, TR(90), +/-dL/dt, CICR and tau. High concentration of PGE(2) (10(-5)M or higher) reduced the baseline intracellular Ca(2+) levels. These data indicate that the myocardial contractile response of PGE(2) may be due to its direct cardiac contractile action at the single ventricular myocyte level, probably through a mechanism independent of intracellular Ca(2+) release.