CT血管成像对肝细胞癌合并肝动脉-门静脉分流的诊断价值

目的探讨CT血管成像（CTA）对肝细胞癌（HCC）合并肝动脉-门静脉分流（APS）的诊断价值。方法127例HCC患者分别接受肝脏多层螺旋CT动态增强扫描和DSA检查，间隔时间3-15d。所有患者进行CTA检查，并以DSA为标准，对照分析CT动态增强扫描基础上进行CTA成像对APS的诊断价值。结果DSA证实52例（40．94％）HCC患者合并APS，中央型33例，周围型19例。CT横断面与横断面基础上结合CTA诊断APS的敏感度均为94．23％（49／52），特异度分别为84．00％（63／75）和97．33％（73／75），正确率分别为88．19％（112／127）和96．06％（122／127），阳性预测值分别为80．33％（49／61）和96．08％（49／51），阴性预测值分别为95．45％（63／66）和96．05％（73／76）。CTA排除了横断面CT对4例中央型APS和6例周围型APS的假阳性诊断。与DSA比较，多层螺旋CT对APS的分型符合率达88．46％（46／52），其中，中央型90．91％（30／33），周围型84．21％（16／19）。CTA还直观地显示23例重度分流中央型APS的供血动脉，其中19例为肝固有动脉分支，4例为胃十二指肠动脉分支。结论在多层螺旋CT动态增强扫描基础上进行CTA成像，能有效提高APS诊断的特异度和正确率。     

Molecular targeted therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

Systemic anticancer therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is limited by intrinsic drug resistance and accompanying liver dysfunction. However, recent advances in molecular targeted therapy (MTT) have shed light on the treatment of advanced HCC. A recent randomized, placebo-controlled trial demonstrated that sorafenib, a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor, prolonged overall survival and time-to-progression in patients with advanced HCC. This breakthrough highlights the potential of MTT targeting hepatocarcinogenic pathways, such as the Raf/MAPK/ERK pathway, angiogenic pathways and the EGFR signaling pathway. This review discusses the current status and the potential of developing novel MTTs for advanced HCC.     

Comparison of urinary bladder function in sexually mature and immature male and female rats

Although studies exist using both male and female rats, there are virtually no studies that compare male and female bladder function. In this initial study, in-vivo and in-vitro urinary bladder function was investigated in two age groups of male and female rats (sexually immature and sexually mature). These studies compare in-vivo micturition behavior (water intake, urine output, frequency and volume per micturition); and in-vitro whole bladder function (bladder volume/pressure relationships, the ability of the in-vitro bladders to generate pressure and empty in response to bethanechol and field stimulation). The results can be summarized as follows: 1) The 24 hour water intake, urine output, and volume per micturition for the mature male rats was significantly greater than that of the mature females with no significant differences among the immature females, mature females, or immature males. 2) There were no significant differences in the frequency of micturition between the 4 groups. 3) Although the average plateau pressures (cystometrograms) of the immature and mature female bladders were greater than that of the immature and mature male bladders, the compliance was similar for all groups. 4) The maximum pressure response of the mature female bladder was significantly greater than pressures generated by bladders in the other three groups; there were no age or sex related differences in the bethanechol log ED50 values. 5) There were no age or sex-related differences in the bethanechol log ED50 values or maximal expulsion responses. 6) Field stimulated bladders from mature animals generated significantly greater intravesical pressures than bladders from immature animals, but, there were no significant differences in maximal pressures attained between mature male and female bladders nor between immature male and female bladders. In conclusion, micturition behavior, and the maximal pressure response to bethanechol changed dramatically with sexual maturity. These results are consistent with the idea that estrogen and other hormones may have a marked influence on bladder function and micturition behavior.     

胃癌D17S261和D17S799位点二核苷酸重复序列不稳定性的意义

目的研究二核苷酸重复序列不稳定性〔ＤＲＳＩ〕在胃癌发生中的作用及其临床意义．方法采用ＰＣＲ方法检测了Ｄ１７Ｓ２６１和Ｄ１７Ｓ７９９位点二核苷酸重复序列不稳定性．结果胃癌总ＤＲＳＩ发生率为３４％（１７／５０），其中高中分化腺癌ＤＲＳＩ阳性率（６６７％，１０／１５）显著高于低分化癌（１９４％，６／３１，Ｐ＜００１）；肠型胃癌ＤＲＳＩ阳性率（５５６％，１０／１８）显著高于胃型胃癌（２０％，６／３０，Ｐ＜００５），ＤＲＳＩ与胃癌部位、大小、浸润、分期、淋巴结转移无显著相关．结论ＤＲＳＩ在胃癌的发生中可能起重要作用．     

芳香PET树脂母粒的研制

通过丙烯酸和丙烯酸正丁酯溶液共聚合，得到丙烯酸－丙烯酸正丁酯共聚物，该树脂与环氧氯丙烷反应后再与PET树脂切片继续反应，可使PET树脂切片表面形成聚丙烯酸酯自膨润型吸油网络结构，将表面具有聚丙烯酸酯自身膨润型吸油网络结构的PET树脂切片（简称为留香剂）在油溶性香精中浸泡，香精就被吸附在留香剂表面，即得到芳香PET树脂母粒。用SEM观察了母粒的表面结构形态。     

SOD-like Activity of Copper Salicylate Complex in Tween Micel-lar Systems

合成了水杨酸铜络合物并分析了其组成，提纯了Ｔｗｅｅｎ－２０，－４０，－６０，－８０，并测定了它们在ｐＨ７．４的磷酸缓冲液中的ＣＭＣ。用Ｃｙｔ．ｃ还原法分别测定了水杨酸铜络合物在不同介质中的ＳＯＤ样活性。详细研究了表面活性剂与水杨酸铜络合物协同清除Ｏ－２的作用。观察到在胶束体系中水杨酸铜络合物的ＳＯＤ样活性明显高于缓冲液体系无表面活性剂时的ＳＯＤ样活性，表面活性剂本身也具有清除Ｏ－２的功能。抗红细胞膜脂质过氧化实验也得到类似结果。这可用胶束催化解释。水杨酸铜－Ｔｗｅｅｎ体系可能是一种潜在的抗炎药物。     

五味子酚对大鼠嗜中性白细胞功能与形态的作用(英文)

目的:探讨五味子酚(Sal)对大鼠嗜中性白细胞(Neu)功能的调节作用.结果:Sal 1,10,100μmol·L~(-1)剂量依赖性抑制Neu功能,Sal 100μmol·L~(-1)使Neu表面伪足和皱褶消失,并可降低细胞内钙离子浓度、升高细胞内cAMP水平.结论:Sal可通过影响细胞内钙离子浓度、cAMP水平及细胞表面形态抑制Neu的功能.     

1,6-二磷酸果糖治疗婴幼儿肺炎心衰疗效观察

应用脉冲多普勒超声心动图对３０例使用１，６－二磷酸果糖的肺炎心衰患儿进行心室舒缩功能指标的观测，并以２０例常规治疗的心衰患儿及２０例正常儿为对照组，评价１，６－二磷酸果糖的疗效。结果表明，１，６－二磷酸果糖能明显改善ＰＥＰ、ＰＥＰ／ＥＴ、ＰＥＰ／Ｒ－Ｒ、ＦＶＩ和ＳＶ等心室收缩功能指标及ＰＦＶＥ、Ｅ／Ａ、ＰＦＶＡ等心室舒张功能指标，使心功能恢复正常。１，６－二磷酸果糖对肺炎心衰引起的心肌缺血、缺氧有保护作用。     

人参总皂甙对不完全性脑缺血后海马CA1区NOS阳性神经元表达的影响

目的探讨人参总皂甙(GS)对不完全性脑缺血及再灌注不同时间后海马CA1区一氧化氮合酶(NOS)的影响及对神经元的保护作用.方法用双侧颈总动脉夹闭加放血的方法制成大鼠不完性脑缺血及再灌注模型,以还原烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸脱氢酶(NADPH-d)组织化学方法观察缺血及再灌注后海马CA1区NOS阳性神经元变化及GS对其的影响.结果单纯缺血组海马CA1区在缺血30min时NOS阳性细胞数最高(44.5±7.42),为假手术组2倍,再灌注2h、12h、24h、3d后逐渐下降,5d时恢复正常水平(21.12±3.50),缺血再灌注3d、5d时出现神经细胞损伤.GS能抑制缺血30min及再灌注各时程中NOS阳性神经元数量变化,并能预防缺血再灌注后迟发的神经元损害.结论GS对大鼠不完全性脑缺血及再灌注不同时程后海马CA1区NOS的异常表达有抑制作用,对神经元的保护作用.     

利巴韦林在严重急性呼吸综合征中的应用

抗病毒药利巴韦林(ribavirin)被临床用于抗严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)病毒，利巴韦林与激素联用对SARS的疗效肯定，但亦有一定不良反应。本文对其临床使用方法、疗效、不良反应及注意事项等作一综述。