Extracellular matrix remodeling in oral submucous fibrosis: its stage-specific modes revealed by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization

BACKGROUND: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chewing habit-related pre-cancerous condition of the oral mucosa affecting predominantly south Asians. It is histopathologically characterized by epithelial atrophy and fibrosis of the subepithelial connective tissue. Fibrosis extends all the way into the muscle layer, leading to difficulty in mouth opening. However, the dynamics of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling with OSF progression is largely unknown. METHODS: Forty biopsy specimens of OSF and 10 of normal buccal mucosa were examined for expression/deposition modes of eight ECM molecules by histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridization. RESULTS: In the early stage of OSF, tenascin, perlecan, fibronectin, collagen type III were characteristically enhanced in the lamina propria and the submucosal layer. In the intermediate stage, the ECM molecules mentioned above and elastin were extensively and irregularly deposited around muscle fibers. In the advanced stage, such ECM depositions decreased and were entirely replaced with collagen type I only. Their gene expression levels varied with progression of fibrosis, but the mRNA signals were confirmed in fibroblasts in the submucosal fibrotic areas. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the ECM remodeling steps in OSF are similar to each phase of usual granulation tissue formation. Restricted mouth opening may be a result of loss of variety of ECM molecules including elastin into the homogeneity of collagen type I replacing muscle fibers.     

Molecular targeted therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

Systemic anticancer therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is limited by intrinsic drug resistance and accompanying liver dysfunction. However, recent advances in molecular targeted therapy (MTT) have shed light on the treatment of advanced HCC. A recent randomized, placebo-controlled trial demonstrated that sorafenib, a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor, prolonged overall survival and time-to-progression in patients with advanced HCC. This breakthrough highlights the potential of MTT targeting hepatocarcinogenic pathways, such as the Raf/MAPK/ERK pathway, angiogenic pathways and the EGFR signaling pathway. This review discusses the current status and the potential of developing novel MTTs for advanced HCC.     

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibody against colon cancer associated antigen in Chinese]

Although many monoclonal antibodies have been made in human colon cancer, none of them are from the Chinese species. Recently, a colon cancer cell line CC-M2 established from a Chinese patient has been completely characterized and used as immunogen to produce monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies were produced by standard hybridoma technique. The fusion rate was 95.8%. An isotype IgG1 of high proliferation named as Sam-2 was used in this study. The titers were measured around 10(4). Further studies on MoAb Sam-2 through indirect immunofluorescent and immunoperoxidase tests revealed its good specificity and sensitivity in colorectal cancer tissue. In CEA study, the result indicated that Sam-2 may react on a non-CEA related antigen. For further clinical application, the antigen was identified as a glycoprotein by chemical resistant test. In preliminary studies using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting techniques, Sam-2 could recognize two closed antigens or a dimer antigen with molecular weight 25.2 and 27 Kd respectively.     

枢复宁在肺癌患者体内的药物动力学和生物利用度

９名接受顺铂化疗的原发性肺癌患者单次口服和静脉注射枢复宁８ｍｇ后，用反相高效液相色谱法测定血浆药物浓度。经用ＰＫＢＰ－Ｎ１程序在计算机上拟合计算表明，枢复宁在人体内表现为二房室模型。口服后主要药动学参数：Ｔ１／２Ｋａ＝０．４１±０．３０ｈ，Ｔ１／２α＝０．９±０．４３ｈ，Ｔ１／２β＝３．３±１．２ｈ，Ｃｍａｘ＝２８．６±９．５ｎｇ／ｍｌ，Ｔｍａｘ＝１．７±０．９ｈ，ＡＵＣ＝１５８±７３ｎｇ·ｈ／ｍｌ，绝对生物利用度为５５％。     

大鼠气管上皮细胞体内—体外转化模型的研究

本研究建立了大鼠气管上皮细胞体内－体外转化模型，大鼠气管内滴注苯并芘，三天后处死大鼠，消化气管上皮细胞，接种于无血清完全培养基。细胞形成集落后，换为选择培养基继续培养五周，统计转化率。结果显示，２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ和５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ的苯并芘可诱导大鼠气管上皮细胞转化及微核增加，用同样方法研究了煤焦沥青提取物，结果表明，剂量为８ｍｇ／ｋｇ和２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ的煤焦沥青提取物能明显诱导大鼠气管上皮细胞转化。     

3种氟喹诺酮类药物抗生素后效应的研究

应用AVANTAGF分析仪的光密度法测定了环丙沙星（CPLX）、氧氟沙星（OFLX）和氟罗沙星（FLRX）的抗生素后效应（PAE）．结果表明氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物对革兰氏阳性球菌和革兰氏阴性杆菌均产生明显的PAE．并随抗菌药物浓度的增大、对受试菌的PAE逐渐延长．呈现了明显的浓度依赖性；3种抗菌药物对铜绿假单胞菌的PAE都较长．MIC均较小．显示了良好的杀菌效果：氯罗沙星对除金葡球菌之外的受试菌的PAE均比其它2药较长．PAE的存在提示在临床设计给药方案时．可适当延长给药间期．减少给药次数与剂量．仍能维持抗菌效果。     

不同缺氧时间对大鼠肺循环改变的影响

为了解缺氧时间与肺动高压发生的关系，采用动物缺氧模型观察不同缺氧时间大鼠的肺血流动力学、右心室肥厚和肺血管结构等指标的变化。结果发现经缺氧处理后，大鼠肺动脉压于第３天开始升高，２周时达高峰；右心室重量在１周时明显增加；肺血管结构改变于３天时出现内皮细胞长、变性，并逐渐发生细胞外基质增多，１周时出现管壁增厚，以缺氧３周最为明显。由此提示在３周以内，缺氧时间的长短与大鼠肺循环的改变程度具有明显的相关性     

床上体操训练对偏瘫患者的效果观察

目的：观察偏瘫患者早期床上训练的效果。方法：对５８例脑血管意外致偏瘫患者随机分成２组：观察组３０例，护理中指导早期床上体操训练；对照组２８例，按常规护理。以上、下肢肌力和日常生活活动能力（ＡＤＬ）为评价指标，于训练开始时、训练４周、训练８周各评价１次。结果：观察组训练４周、８周时患侧上肢肌力以及ＡＤＬ水平明显增加，与对照组比较有显著差异（Ｐ＜００１）。患侧下肢肌力训练４周及８周时均增加，与对照组比较，４周时无明显差异（Ｐ＞００５），８周时有显著性差异（Ｐ＜００１）。结论：对早期偏瘫患者实施床上功能训练，不仅可以提高患者的生命质量，而且可以减少、甚至解除患者及家属的经济和精神负担。     

巢式PCR检测先天性心脏病心脏石蜡标本中B19病毒的感染

目的：探讨微小病毒Ｂ１９与先天性心脏病（ＣＨＤ）的相关性及可能致畸机理。方法：采用病例对照研究，病例组为２９例ＣＨＤ尸解心脏组织，对照组为３０例同期非先天性畸形尸解心脏组织，应用巢式ＰＣＲ扩增Ｂ１９－ＤＮＡ，单纯疱疹病毒（ＨＳＶ），兔弓形虫（ＴＯＸ），巨细胞病毒（ＣＭＶ），结果：２９例ＣＨＤＢ１９－ＤＮＡ５例阳性，全瓿对照组为均阴性（Ｐ＝０．０２３７），ＨＳＶ，ＴＯＸ两组中均阴性，ＣＭＶ在两组中均