应用全粉末压片解决西咪替丁溶出度

目的：针对药品的特性及压片工艺,效果的不同,得出最佳片剂压片的方法。方法：采用全粉末压片方法的分析,结果：该方法压片快,合格率高,结果：全粉末压片法解决西味替丁崩解速度快．合格率100％。     

An inter- and intra-laboratory comparison of breath ¹³CO₂analysis

BACKGROUND: 13C breath test analysis requires accurate 13CO2 measurements. AIM:: To perform a multicentre study to evaluate the repeatability and reproducibility of breath 13CO2 analysis. METHODS: Two series of 25 paired randomly coded tubes (each consisting of 23 13CO2-enriched breath samples and two samples of standard reference pure CO2 with certified delta 13CPDB) were sent to participating centres for 13CO2 measurement. Each series of tubes was analysed 10 days apart. The repeatability and reproducibility of 13C measurements was assessed by Mandel's k and h statistics. RESULTS: Twenty-two centres participated in the study: 18 showed good inter- and intra-laboratory variability, whilst four showed abnormally high inter- or intra-laboratory variability. Breath test results were also significantly affected by the accuracy of the 13C analytical procedures. CONCLUSIONS: A low accuracy of 13C measurements may significantly affect the results of breath tests, leading to inappropriate clinical decisions. Standardization of 13C analysis is required to guarantee optimal 13C measurements and accurate 13C breath test results.     

青霉素高产菌株的推理选育

目的：筛选一株优良的抗生素产生菌。方法：通过人为诱变来动摇产生菌原有的严密控制机制。结果：得到一种抗生素生物合成能力异常的突变株。结论：此方法可过量合成人们所期望的抗生素。     

The tobacco-dependence clinic: intensive tobacco-dependence treatment in an addiction services outpatient setting

We present outcomes from an intensive tobacco-dependence treatment program for addiction services clients at three different sites. Data from 202 participants were analyzed. For individuals who completed the program, the abstinence rate was 43%. Not having a primary substance use history and a lower carbon monoxide (CO) level at intake predicted abstinence; whereas being female, the particular site of intervention, receiving both nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and oral medication, and having a lower CO level at baseline predicted program completion. Drug treatment clients can successfully quit smoking at rates similar to the general population when given access to intensive tobacco-dependence treatment.     

Abnormal mammogram follow-up: do community lay health advocates make a difference?

This pilot study evaluates a community lay health advocate (CLHA) intervention in promoting follow-up for abnormal mammograms among African American women. A controlled trial was implemented at an urban hospital in Atlanta, with 48 women in a CLHA intervention group and 35 in a usual care group. Participants were 25 or older and had an abnormal mammogram between March 25, 2002, and May 2, 2003. Intervention group women received CLHA support including encouragement of timely abnormal mammogram follow-up, reminders of follow-up appointments, identification and removal of barriers to follow-up, and accompaniment to follow-up appointments. Women in the intervention group were significantly more likely to keep their first abnormal mammogram follow-up appointment, all of their scheduled follow-up appointments, and their biopsy or fine needle aspiration appointment. CLHAs are effective in promoting abnormal mammogram followup among African American women and may be an important resource in reducing racial disparities in breast cancer mortality.     

Sex differences in nicotine dependence among addictions clients accessing a smoking cessation programme in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

ACCESSIBLE SUMMARY: ? The purpose of this study was to examine differences in substance use disorders, psychiatric disorders and nicotine dependence among 323 women and men accessing a smoking cessation programme in an addiction treatment setting in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. ? Individuals with substance use and psychiatric disorders have smoking prevalence rates nearly double that of the general population. Yet, there are distinct differences between men and women in their smoking behaviour and responses to smoking cessation treatment. Few studies have examined such sex differences among individuals with substance use and psychiatric disorders. ? The study found that compared with individuals with no psychiatric diagnosis, those with a mood, anxiety and psychotic disorders were significantly more likely to be female; whereas compared with those without a substance use disorder, individuals with alcohol, cocaine or marijuana disorder were more likely to be male. Moreover, among women having an anxiety disorder history and smoking a greater number of cigarettes per day were significantly associated with high nicotine dependence. Among men, smoking a greater number of cigarettes per day and having a lower confidence in quitting were significantly associated with high nicotine dependence. ? These findings suggest the need for appropriate assessment of smoking behaviour and nicotine dependence among individuals accessing addictions treatment services. Moreover, these findings further provide evidence of the need for tailored interventions for tobacco dependence among men and women with histories of substance use and psychiatric disorder. ABSTRACT: Most individuals in drug treatment programmes use tobacco and are dependent on nicotine. For 323 participants (65% men, mean age = 49.3 years) with a history of substance use disorder (SUD) and/or psychiatric disorders (PD) enrolled in a tobacco dependence clinic programme, we compared baseline characteristics among women and men and examined factors associated with nicotine dependence (ND). Individuals with mood, anxiety and psychotic disorders were more likely to be female, whereas men were more likely to be characterized by alcohol, cocaine and marijuana use, older age, older age at smoking initiation and higher confidence in quitting smoking scores. In stratified multivariate analyses, among women, history of an anxiety disorder and a greater number of cigarettes smoked per day were associated with higher ND scores; among men, a greater number of cigarettes smoked per day and higher confidence in quitting scores were associated with higher ND scores. Given the differences in smoking, SUD and PD histories between women and men accessing addiction treatment, and differential associations with ND, it is important to further explore factors that may enhance tailored treatments and inform future studies examining biological and psychosocial factors for tobacco use in SUD and PD treatment populations.     

SARS-CoV GDH株N蛋白全长基因克隆及其可溶性表达

目的构建SARS冠状病毒N蛋白的原核表达质粒,诱导重组蛋白表达并纯化,鉴定其抗原性。方法以我国SARS冠状病毒GDH株总RNA为模板,采用RT-PCR技术扩增N蛋白的全长基因,TA克隆后测序。构建pET-23d的N基因表达载体,用IPTG诱导目的蛋白表达,利用硫酸铵沉淀、分子筛层析及离子交换层析纯化重组蛋白,免疫印迹鉴定重组蛋白。结果RT-PCR扩增出1269bpSARS冠状病毒N蛋白的基因片段,其序列分析结果与SARS-CoVGD01、BJ01株的同源性为99.92%;该基因在大肠杆菌表达系统中高效表达,占可溶性蛋白的33.57%,表达产物为非融合的可溶性蛋白,Westernblot结果显示重组N蛋白具有良好的抗原性;纯化后重组N蛋白纯度为92.9%。结论成功构建了SARS冠状病毒N蛋白的重组表达质粒,并在大肠杆菌中以非融合蛋白的形式得到高效的可溶性表达,为SRAS的诊断和疫苗的研制奠定了基础。