斜视治疗应重视双眼视觉功能的恢复

斜视治疗的主要目的应是改变或恢复眼球运动和知觉方面的病理状态,手术的目标应该包括消除复视和混淆视,这样不仅患者外观和心理状态可得到改善,而且相当多的患者可恢复双眼视觉功能,部分患者可扩大周边双眼视野。我们应该深入研究和了解患者手术前、后的双眼视觉,并将立体视觉和双眼融合功能检查作为常规项目,推广使用三棱镜遮盖法;临床检查工作应深入细致。只有视轴偏斜得到矫正,患者获得双眼视觉,斜视治疗的效果才能得到巩固。(中华眼科杂志,2005,41：577-580)     

老年糖尿病住院患者药疗方案的成本-效果分析

目的：评价老年糖尿病住院患者不同药物治疗方式中不同用药方案所产生的经济结果。方法：运用成本-效果分析法分别对口服降糖药物治疗和应用胰岛素治疗两种治疗方式中各3种主要的用药方案进行分析评价。结果：格列齐特、二甲双胍联合用药是口服抗糖尿病药物治疗方式中的较优方案；格列齐特、阿卡波糖、胰岛素联合用药是应用胰岛素的药物治疗方式中的较优方案。结论：运用药物经济学理论指导临床合理用药，可使有限的资源得到合理配置。     

两种胚胎移植液在体外受精-胚胎移植临床应用中的比较

目的 探索EmbryoGlue在体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)临床应用中的意义.方法 将2005年7月～2006年7月在本中心接受常规体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)或单精子卵母细胞浆内注射(ICSI)治疗周期的110例不孕患者随机分成两组进行双盲试验,实验组共58例,使用EmbryoGlue作为胚胎移植液,对照组52例,使用IVF-30胚胎培养液作为移植液.结果 实验组平均移植胚胎数为2.36个,对照组为2.40个(P＞0.05),实验组胚胎种植率及临床妊娠率分别为32.8%、44.8%,对照组为2 5.6%、38.5%,实验组临床妊娠率及胚胎种植率与对照组相比有上升趋势.结论 使用EmbryoGlue作为胚胎移植液有助于提高妊娠率.     

农田栽参的研究进展及优势分析

农田栽参是生态友好型人参栽培模式,可以保障人参产业的可持续发展。本研究对农田栽参中土壤改良和栽参技术进行了综述,探讨了物理消毒、化学消毒、施肥改土、绿肥回田的措施对参地微生态环境的改善作用,并且介绍了人参栽培的新品种,阐述中国与日韩两国在人参栽培模式方面的差异及人参栽培过程中发现的主要病虫害及其防治策略。本研究对农田栽参模式的推广具有指导意义,为人参产业的健康发展提供依据。     

Drug D,a Diosgenin Derive,Inhibits L-Arginine-Induced Acute Pancreatitis through Meditating GSDMD in the Endoplasmic Reticulum via the TXNIP/HIF-1α Pathway

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the most common causes of hospitalization for gastrointestinal diseases, with high morbidity and mortality. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and Gasdermin D (GSDMD) mediate AP, but little is known about their mutual influence on AP. Diosgenin has excellent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study investigated whether Diosgenin derivative D (Drug D) inhibits L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis through meditating GSDMD in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Our studies were conducted in a mouse model of L-arginine-induced AP as well as in an in vitro model on mouse pancreatic acinar cells. The GSDMD accumulation in ER was found in this study, which caused ERS of acinar cells. GSDMD inhibitor Disulfiram (DSF) notably decreased the expression of GSDMD in ER and TXNIP/HIF-1α signaling. The molecular docking study indicated that there was a potential interaction between Drug D and GSDMD. Our results showed that Drug D significantly inhibited necrosis of acinar cells dose-dependently, and we also found that Drug D alleviated pancreatic necrosis and systemic inflammation by inhibiting the GSDMD accumulation in the ER of acinar cells via the TXNIP/HIF-1α pathway. Furthermore, the level of p-IRE1α (a marker of ERS) was also down-regulated by Drug D in a dose-dependent manner in AP. We also found that Drug D alleviated TXNIP up-regulation and oxidative stress in AP. Moreover, our results revealed that GSDMD^-/- mitigated AP by inhibiting TXNIP/HIF-1α. Therefore, Drug D, which is extracted from Dioscorea zingiberensis, may inhibit L-arginine-induced AP by meditating GSDMD in the ER by the TXNIP /HIF-1α pathway.     

Effect of Calcium Carbide Residue on Strength Development along with Mechanisms of Cement-Stabilized Dredged Sludge

The purpose of this research is to explore the feasibility of using calcium carbide residue (CCR), a by-product from acetylene gas production, as a solid alkaline activator on the strength development in CCR–Portland cement-stabilized dredged sludge (CPDS). The effects of cement content, CCR content and curing time on the strength development of CPDS were investigated using a series of unconfined compressive strength (UCS), pH and electric conductivity (EC) tests. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses were performed to gain additional insight into the mechanism of strength development. Meanwhile, the carbon footprints of CPDS were calculated. Following the results, it was found that CCR can significantly improve the strength of cemented dredged sludge. On the basis of the strength difference (ΔUCS) and strength growth rate (UCS_gr), it was recommended that utilizing 20% cement with the addition of 20% CCR is the most effective way to develop the long-term strength of CPDS. In addition, the microstructural analysis verified that the optimum proportion of CCR benefits the formation of hydration products in CPDS, particularly needle-like gel ettringite, resulting in a less-porous and dense inter-locked structure. Furthermore, the solidification mechanism of CPDS was discussed and revealed. Finally, it was confirmed that CCR can be a sustainable alternative and effective green alkaline activator for the aim of improving cemented dredged sludge.     

集成便携式辅助诊疗系统是脉诊、舌诊研究走向临床的切入点

基于成熟的脉诊、舌诊信息提取与识别的关键技术,集成便携式辅助诊疗系统突出脉诊、舌诊在中医诊疗中的重要作用,并融合其他四诊信息,实现自动辨证处方的临床辅助诊疗功能。便携式辅助诊疗系统体现了"四诊合参"的中医辨证诊断理念,其便携化、智能化、人性化的特点贴合临床实际,为脉诊、舌诊研究成果的推广应用奠定了完备的条件。     

“Pincer movement”: Reversing cisplatin resistance based on simultaneous glutathione depletion and glutathione S-transferases inhibition by redox-responsive degradable organosilica hybrid nanoparticles

The therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin has been restricted by drug resistance of cancers. Intracellular glutathione (GSH) detoxification of cisplatin under the catalysis of glutathione S-transferases (GST) plays important roles in the development of cisplatin resistance. Herein, a strategy of “pincer movement” based on simultaneous GSH depletion and GST inhibition is proposed to enhance cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Specifically, a redox-responsive nanomedicine based on disulfide-bridged degradable organosilica hybrid nanoparticles is developed and loaded with cisplatin and ethacrynic acid (EA), a GST inhibitor. Responding to high level of intracellular GSH, the hybrid nanoparticles can be gradually degraded due to the break of disulfide bonds, which further promotes drug release. Meanwhile, the disulfide-mediated GSH depletion and EA-induced GST inhibition cooperatively prevent cellular detoxification of cisplatin and reverse drug resistance. Moreover, the nanomedicine is integrated into microneedles for intralesional drug delivery against cisplatin-resistant melanoma. The in vivo results show that the nanomedicine-loaded microneedles can achieve significant GSH depletion, GST inhibition, and consequent tumor growth suppression. Overall, this research provides a promising strategy for the construction of new-type nanomedicines to overcome cisplatin resistance, which extends the biomedical application of organosilica hybrid nanomaterials and enables more efficient chemotherapy against drug-resistant cancers.KEY WORDS: Cancer therapy, Cisplatin, Drug resistance, Glutathione depletion, Glutathione S-transferases, Disulfide bonds, Organosilica hybrid nanoparticles, Ethacrynic acid     

Network pharmacology-based pharmacological mechanism prediction on Eucommia ulmoides against rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation and progressive joint destruction. Eucommia ulmoides (EU) is a kidney-tonifying Chinese medicine that has been applied to treat RA for decides. The present study aims to explore pharmacological mechanisms of EU against RA using network pharmacology approach. Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database was used to screen active ingredients of EU, and their relative targets were fished from UniProt database. RA-related targets were screened from GeneCards database and DisGeNET database. The overlapping genes between EU and RA were identified by Venn diagram, and further analyzed for protein-protein interaction (PPI), Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Fifty active ingredients were identified in EU, and corresponded to 207 targets. Meanwhile, 499 targets were closely associated with RA development. A total of 50 overlapping genes between EU and RA were identified, which were regarded as therapeutically relevant. GO enrichment analysis indicated that EU exerted antiRA effects depending on regulating multiple biological processes including inflammatory response, oxidative stress, cell apoptosis and matrix catabolism. Several key pathways such as TNF pathway, IL-17 pathway, T cell receptor pathway, NOD-like receptor pathway and Toll-like receptor pathway, were involved in the above biological processes. Network pharmacology revealed that EU exerts therapeutic effects on RA through multi-ingredients, multi-targets and multi-pathways, which provides basis for its clinical application and promising directions for subsequent research.     

不同剂量舒芬太尼在全麻诱导中对异丙酚TCI效应室浓度的影响

目的：研究不同剂量舒芬太尼在全麻诱导中对异丙酚TCI效应室浓度的影响。结果：45例年龄27岁-68岁,ASA（Ⅰ-Ⅱ）级择期行腹部手术的病人,随机分为三组：Ⅰ组（n=15）麻醉诱导时加用为芬太尼,Ⅱ组（n=15）则加用小剂量舒芬太尼（O．31μ／kg）;Ⅲ组（n=15）加用大剂量舒芬太尼（0．45μ／kg）。记录麻醉前（T0）、插管前即刻（T1）、插管后1min（T2）、3minB）、5min（T4）、10min（T5）各时点的平均动脉压（MAP）、心率（HR）及异丙酚效应室浓度（Ce）。同时记录脑电双频指数（BIS值）。结果：MAP在T2、T3、T4时点Ⅲ组较其它二组低（P〈0．05）;心率在T2、T3时点Ⅱ组明显高于Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组（P〈0．05）;异丙酚Ce在T2、T3、T4、T5时点Ⅲ组低于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组（P〈0．05或0．01）,而Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组间差别无统计学意义。结论：诱导用量为0.45μ／kg的舒芬太尼在腹部手术全麻诱导过程中不仅能保持稳定的血流动力学（MAP和HR）,而且能降低异丙酚效应室浓度。