THE EFFECT OF ACUPUNCTURE ON PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF ISCHEMIC ARRHYTHMIA AND THE RELATION BETWEEN EFFECT OF ACUPUNCTURE AND CHOLINERGIC MUSCARINE-LIKE RECEPTORS

For investigating the effect of acupuncture on ischemic arrhythmia and its mech-anism, adult albino rats with ligated anterior descending branch of coronary artery as experimentalmodel were treated with or without acupuncture, and others with imitative operation but without bothcoronary artery ligation and acupuncture treatment were used as control. It was found in acupuncturegroup that the fibrillation-liability of ischemic myocardium was efficiently decreased, the affinity ofAch-M receptors on membranes of ischemic myocardium was markedly increased, and the tolerance ofischemic myocardium to atropine was elevated in the experiment of atropine inducing fibrillation.These results indicate that acupuncture may play a therapeutic role on ischemic arrhythmia throughactivating the activity of muscarine-like receptors of cholinergic nervous system.     

Risk factors of influenza transmission in households.

BACKGROUND: Influenza transmission in households is a subject of renewed interest, as the vaccination of children is currently under debate and antiviral treatments have been approved for prophylactic use. AIMS: To quantify the risk factors of influenza transmission in households. DESIGN OF STUDY: A prospective study conducted during the 1999 to 2000 winter season in France. SETTING: Nine hundred and forty-six households where a member, the index patient, had visited their general practitioner (GP) because of an influenza-like illness were enrolled in the study. Five hundred and ten of the index patients tested positive for influenza A (subtype H3N2). A standardised daily questionnaire allowed for identification of secondary cases of influenza among their household contacts, who were followed-up for 15 days. Of the 395 (77%) households that completed the questionnaire, we selected 279 where no additional cases had occurred on the day of the index patient's visit to the GP. METHODS: Secondary cases of influenza were those household contacts who had developed clinical influenza within 5 days of the disease onset in the index patient. Hazard ratios for individual clinical and demographic characteristics of the contact and their index patient were derived from a Cox regression model. RESULTS: Overall in the 279 households, 131 (24.1%) secondary cases occurred among the 543 household contacts. There was an increased risk of influenza transmission in preschool contacts (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.09 to 3.26) as compared with school-age and adult contacts. There was also an increased risk in contacts exposed to preschool index patients (HR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.09 to 3.42) and school-age index patients (HR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.07 to 2.65), compared with those exposed to adult index cases. No other factor was associated with transmission of the disease. CONCLUSION: Our results support the major role of children in the dissemination of influenza in households. Vaccination of children or prophylaxis with neuraminidase inhibitors would prevent, respectively, 32-38% and 21-41% of secondary cases caused by exposure to a sick child in the household.     

颈前路带锁钛板在脊髓型颈椎病手术中的应用

目的评价脊髓型颈椎病前路减压后应用带锁钛板内固定的价值。方法对51例脊髓型颈椎病患者采用前路减压、取自体髂骨植骨和颈椎带锁钛板内固定治疗。结果随访43例,平均随访时间2a,术后3个月植骨块获得骨性融合,颈椎椎间高度和生理曲度维持满意,感觉、肌力明显恢复,钛板及螺钉无松动及断裂现象。结论脊髓型颈椎病前路减压术后应用带锁钛板内固定能促使植骨块融合,有效地维持椎间高度和颈椎生理曲度,有较高的应用价值。     

髌骨粉碎性骨折的手术治疗

目的:探讨治疗髌骨粉碎性骨折内固定方法的临床疗效。方法:72例髌骨粉碎性骨折患者,男53例,女19例;年龄16~65岁,平均34岁;左侧33例,右侧39例。闭合伤61例,开放伤11例。髌骨下极粉碎45例,髌底粉碎6例,全髌粉碎21例。内固定方式:钢丝环扎固定26例,克氏针张力带固定5例,镍钛聚髌器(NT-PC)固定41例,对其疗效作分析对比。结果:72例患者中有65例获随访,随访时间6个月~5年。所有骨折均临床愈合,以术后不同时期膝关节功能和X线检查综合判断疗效,钢丝环扎固定、克氏针张力带固定、NT-PC固定三组中,术后下地行走平均时间分别为35、18、10d,术后正常步态平均时间分别为48、45、22d,屈膝90°时间分别为50、30、26d,三组优良率分别为79·2%、50·0%、91·9%。结论:NT-PC用于粉碎性骨折的治疗,避免了髌骨部分或全部切除,最大限度保存膝关节功能,是目前理想的内固定方法。     

大肠癌肝转移射频消融后局部复发影响因素的分析

目的 探讨射频消融（radiofrequency ablation,RFA）治疗大肠癌肝转移后局部肿瘤复发的风险因素。方法 回顾性研究213例347个肿瘤实施RFA治疗后局部复发的临床资料,对可能影响RFA局部治疗效果的临床因素进行统计学处理。结果 175例（82.2%）298个肿瘤（85.9%）得到CT或MRI随访资料。大肠癌肝转移灶RFA后肿瘤局部复发率为36.9%（110/298）,局部复发的平均时间为16.4月（2～57个月）。单因素分析显示肝脏转移灶的部位、大小和射频针类型与肿瘤射频后的局部复发相关（P值分别为P=0.000,P=0.021和P=0.026）,但Cox多因素分析则显示只有瘤大小和转移灶部位是大肠癌肝转移射频消融后局部复发的独立预后因素（χ^2=8.522,P=0.000;χ^2=1.321,P=0.022）。结论 肝脏肿瘤的大小和部位是RFA治疗效果的独立影响因素,正确的电极选择和布针是获得肿瘤完全坏死的关键。     

活血化瘀中药联合血管内皮生长因子基因转移促进股骨头坏死处新生血管形成的实验研究

目的:观察活血化瘀中药联合血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)基因转移对促进股骨头缺血坏死处新生血管形成情况。方法:日本大耳兔40只,随机分为对照组、模型组、中药组、基因组和综合组。治疗8周后采用免疫组织化学方法观察股骨头滑膜VEGF阳性细胞率及数字减影血管造影股骨头血管数目改变情况。结果:模型组VEGF阳性细胞表达率减低,与对照组、基因组、综合组比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01),与中药组比较,有统计学差异(P<0.05),综合组VEGF阳性细胞表达率较高,与中药组及基因组比较,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。血管数目:在A区,各组与模型组比较,均无统计学差异;在B区,各组较模型组血管数目均有增加,对照组、基因组、综合组与模型组比较,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。综合组与基因组比较有统计学差异(P<0.05),中药组虽然血管数目较模型组多,但是无统计学意义。结论:活血化瘀中药及VEGF基因转移均可促进股骨头缺血坏死处局部新生血管形成和侧支循环的建立,尤以活血化瘀中药联合基因疗法效果为好,为临床应用活血化瘀中药联合基因疗法治疗股骨头缺血性坏死提供实验依据。     

肝胆管结石再手术原因及处理:附81例报告

目的　探讨肝胆管结石再手术的原因及手术处理方法。方法　回顾性分析 81例肝胆管结石患者的临床资料。再手术的方法主要包括肝叶切除、肝肠Roux en Y盆式内引流、肝叶切除加肝胆管Roux en Y盆式内引流。结果　肝胆管结石再手术的主要原因包括胆管狭窄和结石残留、胆管变异、合并胆管细胞癌等 ,再次手术后经胆道造影证实残留率为 6.2 % ,随访术后病人优良率为93 .8%。结论　清除结石、解除狭窄、矫正崎形、切除病肝、通畅引流系肝胆管结石的治疗原则。     

睡眠状态下人体生理信号模糊分析系统的研究

采用LabVIEW技术完成对心电、呼吸、无创血氧和无创血压信号的采集与处理,而后通过MATLAB模糊测量系统对采集的人体生理信号进行模糊预测分析。通过实验检验了人体生理信号检测、处理和模糊预测分析方法的可靠性。LabVIEW技术对人体生理信号的模糊预测分析是有效的,可用于检测阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者的生理状态信号。     

军人花粉症106例快速免疫治疗

目的　探讨军人花粉症治疗的有效方法。方法　采用提高起始浓度和快速递增浓度 ,上臂外侧皮下注射的方法对 10 6位军人花粉症患者行快速免疫治疗 ,并对每一位患者治疗前后检测血清中总IgE和嗜酸细胞阳离子蛋白 (ECP)。 结果　治疗前后患者总IgE和ECP值有显著性差异。 10 6例患者经 1～ 3年随访复查 ,78例 2个以上发病季节未发作 ,或仅有轻微鼻痒、眼痒 ,18例症状减轻 ,发病时间缩短半月 ,10例症状无明显改善。显效 82例 ,有效 14例 ,无效 10例 ,总有效率为 90 .5 7%。结论　快速免疫治疗能使患者血清总IgE和ECP下降 ,对军人花粉症疗效好。     

高压氧治疗对脑梗死患者血清基质金属蛋白酶-9的影响

目的探讨高压氧（HBO）治疗后急性脑梗死患者血清基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）水平的动态变化及其与临床疗效的关系。方法选取首次发病的24h以内的颈内动脉系统急性脑梗死患者76例，分为高压氧治疗组（HBO组，36例）和常规治疗组（常规组，40例）。常规组仅给予常规治疗，HBO组在常规治疗基础上加用HBO治疗。30例年龄、性别与脑梗死患者相匹配的健康人为健康对照组（正常对照组）。采用酶联免疫吸附双抗体夹心法测定脑梗死患者入院时、发病后第3、5、10天以及正常对照组血清MMP-9。所有患者于入院时和治疗后10d、1个月进行神经功能缺损评分，评价HBO组和常规组之间的疗效差异。结果（1）与正常对照组比较，HBO组和常规组入院时血清MMP-9的浓度均明显增高，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01），但后二者之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。与治疗前相比，常规组和HBO组血清MMP-9水平均呈现先增高后降低的动态变化趋势，3d时达高峰，在治疗后3、5d时HBO组血清MMP-9浓度低于同期常规组（P〈0．05）。（2）治疗1个月后，神经功能缺失评分HBO组明显低于常规组；HBO组疗效优于常规组（P〈0．05）。（3）脑梗死患者神经功能缺损评分减少值与患者发病后第3天之血清MMP-9水平呈显著负相关。结论HBO治疗能降低脑梗死患者升高的血清MMP-9浓度，减轻神经功能缺失程度，其临床疗效可能与降低患者血清MMP-9的浓度有关。