26例狼疮性肾炎并发急性肾功能衰竭的临床病理分析

为探讨狼疮性肾炎并发急性肾功能衰竭的危险因素,收集了符合狼疮性肾炎并发急性肾功能衰竭的病例２６例,与未发生急性肾功能衰竭的狼疮性肾炎３０例进行临床病理分析。结果：狼疮性肾炎并发急性肾功能衰竭常发生在具有临床活动指标及病理活动指标的患者,病理类型以Ⅳ型、Ⅴ型为主,其诱因有感染、不规则的激素治疗、劳累及日晒。结果表明：控制狼疮性肾炎的活动,避免诱发因素,是防止急性肾功能衰竭发生的重要环节。     

Characterization of lipopeptide produced by Bacillus altitudinis Q7 and inhibitory effect on Alternaria alternata

This study identified the antifungal metabolites produced by Bacillus altitudinis Q7 against Alternaria alternata and investigated the antifungal activity and antifungal action. Lipopeptide, the important secondary metabolites were identified by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry as lichenysin. The antifungal activity of lipopeptide on A. alternata was determined by microdilution technique, and its minimum inhibitory concentration was 1.2 mg/ml. Stability test showed that lipopeptide had excellent temperature and pH resistance. To investigate whether lichenysin acted on the cell membrane and changed its permeability, the ultra-violet absorption of protein and nucleic acid were measured using a colorimetric method. The antifungal metabolites produced by B. altitudinis Q7 was lichenysin, which showed stable antifungal activity in the extreme environments. Lichenysin could inhibit A. alternata by altering the permeability of cell membrane, leading to the outflow of proteins and nucleic acids from the cytoplasm. This research suggests the lipopeptide from B. altitudinis Q7 is a potential biological control agent against A. alternata.     

mdm2基因表达与肝细胞癌侵袭性的关系

目的以ｍｄｍ２基因为指标,研究与肝细胞癌侵袭性有关的分子机理。方法应用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ方法,研究ｍｄｍ２基因在３４例癌组织和１９例癌周肝组织中的表达及其与肝细胞癌侵袭性的关系。结果ｍｄｍ２基因表达值（ｘ±ｓ）癌组织高于癌周肝组织（５０．１８％±５．２４％对２７．７０％±７．４３％,Ｐ＜０．０５）,侵袭性肝癌高于非侵袭性肝癌（５９．０９％±７．２８％对３７．８７％±６．３７％,Ｐ＜０．０５）,但不同大小肝癌及不同包膜状况肝癌,其ｍｄｍ２基因表达值差异无显著意义。结论ｍｄｍ２基因表达与肝细胞癌的侵袭性有关。     

中药地龙的药源调查与商品鉴定

经对我国地龙药材的药源调查与商品鉴定,结果表明,地龙的原动物主要有１３种和变种。分别隶属于矩蚓蝌的３个属,其中９０％以上的商品地龙来源于药典收载品种参环毛蚓Ｐｈｅｒｅｔｉｍａ ａｓｐｅｒｇｉｌｌａｍ和威廉环毛蚓Ｐ．ｇｕｉｌｌｅｌｍｉ、栉盲环毛ｐｅｃｔｉｎｉｆｅｒａ及通俗环毛．ｖｕｌｇｏｒｉｓ其它品种如背暗异唇Ａｌｌｏｌｂｏｐｈｏｒａ ｃａｌｉｇｉｎｏｓａ ｔｒａｐｒｚｏｉｄｅｓ、湖北环毛蚓Ｐ、ｈｕ     

Optimal immobilization of penicillinase for lon-selective electrode

Penicillin sensor was prepared by immobilizing penicillinase (Pcase) on H⁺-selective carboxylated poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC-COOH) membrane or cellulose filter membrane. The immobilization techniques are as follows. Pcase was immobilized with GTH on H⁺-selective PVC-COOH membrane or some amount of BSA was dropped on that membrane. Another method to make immobilization is to mix type I Pcase with GTH and drop on a cellulose filter membrane. According to immobilization techniques, there were some differences in response properties of enzyme electrodes, however, all electrodes responded to Pcase-resistant penicillin derivatives. Pcase immobilized on cellulose filter membrane with H⁺-selective PVC membrane eletrode was more stable and more sensitive to penicillinase-resistant penicillin derivatives than any other immobilization techniques.     

Epimerization and Hydrolysis of Dalvastatin,a New Hydroxymethylglutaryl Coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) Reductase Inhibitor

In aqueous solutions, dalvastatin (1) undergoes epimerization as well as hydrolysis. The transformation of the drug was studied as a function of pH at 25°C in aqueous solutions containing 20% acetonitrile. At all pH values, first-order plots for the conversion are biphasic, indicating rapid equilibration of 1 with its epimer (2) and slower hydrolysis of 1 to the corresponding -hydroxy acid (3). Apparent first-order rate constants for the biexponential equation are given as a function of pH. The alkyl–oxygen cleavage of the lactone ring results in the epimerization of 1 to 2, whereas the acyl–oxygen cleavage results in the hydrolysis of 1 to 3. The epimerization is an S_N1 reaction reaching an equilibrium of [l] _eq/[2] _eq = 1.27. The epimerization rate is increased with an increase in the water content of the solvent. The hydrolysis of 1 to 3 is acid and base catalyzed. The hydrolysis is reversible in acidic media and irreversible in neutral and basic media. At pH values greater than 9, the hydrolysis reaction proceeds more rapidly than the epimerization.     

Allelic loss on chromosome-13 can preceed histological-changes in head and neck-cancer

Seventy paired tumor and blood samples from patients with upper aerodigestive tract squamous cell carcinoma (UADT SCC) were tested for allelic loss on chromosome 13. Increased loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was observed at 11 of 13 different highly polymorphic microsatellite 'CA' dinucleotide repeat-containing loci. Increasing percent LOH correlated with lymph node metastasis (N Stage) (p=0.016). LOH was also detected in 10 of 16 (63%) informative samples of histologically normal mucosa adjacent to the tumors. These findings demonstrate that allelic loss on chromosome 13 is a frequent event in UADT SCC. Furthermore, these genetic alterations can be detected prior to histological changes in normal mucosa adjacent to these tumors.     

P53 mutations may be related to tumor invasiveness of human hepatocellular-carcinoma in china

A combined polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the enzyme HaeIII restriction analysis and DNA sequencing have been employed to study the mutations at codon 249 of p53 gene in two human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines and 28 surgical specimens of HCC. 14 of the 28 HCC samples (50%) had p53 point mutations at codon 249. All of point mutations at codon 249 in 10 cases sequenced are AGG to AGT transversion. p53 gene mutated more frequently in invasive HCCs than that in non-invasive HCCs. This suggested that the codon 249 was a mutational hotspot of p53 gene in human HCCs in China, and p53 mutations may be related to tumor invasiveness of human HCC.     

小鼠颗粒子宫腺细胞的组织学与超微结构的研究

对昆明种小鼠颗粒子宫腺细胞（ＧＭＧ细胞）进行光镜及电镜观察,结果显示：ＧＭＧ细胞以其胞浆中含耐淀粉酶消化的ＰＡＳ阳性颗粒为特点,而该种颗粒在电镜下为带有帽状结构的膜包颗粒。ＧＭＧ细胞有特殊的形态,其出现和消失与妊娠过程同步。