酒精性肝炎自噬关键基因的筛选及生物信息学分析

目的 筛选酒精性肝炎（AH）的自噬关键基因,探讨AH潜在的生物标志物和治疗靶点。 方法  采用基因表达综合数据库（GEO）中的2个AH基因芯片和从MSigDB、GeneCards数据库中获得的自噬相关数据集,通过加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA）获取关键基因。对筛选的关键基因进行基因本体（GO）、京都基因和基因组百科全书（KEGG）功能富集分析,蛋白质相互作用（PPI）分析,免疫浸润分析,构建信使RNA（mRNA）-微小RNA（miRNA）网络,进行酒精性肝病不同分期的自噬相关关键基因的表达差异分析,并进一步通过实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）在AH患者和小鼠肝脏组织中验证。 结果  本研究筛选得到了11个与AH自噬相关的基因（EEF1A2、CFTR、SOX4、TREM2、CTHRC1、HSPB8、TUBB3、PRKAA2、RNASE1、MTCL1、HGF）,均为上调基因。在AH患者和小鼠肝脏组织中,SOX4、TREM2、HSPB8、PRKAA2在AH组中的相对表达量均高于对照组。 结论  SOX4、TREM2、HSPB8、PRKAA2可能是AH潜在的生物标志物和治疗靶点。     

曲古抑菌素A预处理对小鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤皮质炎症反应和凋亡的影响*

目的 探讨曲古抑菌素A预处理在小鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤中对大脑皮质炎症反应和凋亡的影响。方法 Balb/c小鼠随机分为3组：假手术组（S组）、缺血再灌注组（IR组）、曲古抑菌素A预处理组（预处理组）,每组10只。采用颈部切口大脑中动脉线栓（MCAO）法缺血1?h,再灌注24?h复制脑缺血再灌注模型,预处理组在复制脑缺血再灌注模型前连续3?d腹腔注射曲古抑菌素A 5?mg/kg。取脑皮质组织,光学显微镜下观察病理学结果,ELISA检测TNF-α、IL-1β,免疫组织化学法检测Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3,TUNEL检测细胞凋亡。结果 3组TNF-α、IL-1β、Bax、Bcl-2及Caspase-3比较,差异有统计学意义（P?<0.05）。与S组比较,IR组病理学损伤严重,TNF-α、IL-1β、Bax、Caspase-3阳性表达水平升高,Bcl-2降低（P?<0.05）;与IR组比较,预处理组病理学损伤减轻,TNF-α、IL-1β、Bax、Caspase-3阳性表达水平降低,Bcl-2升高（P?<0.05）。结论 曲古抑菌素A预处理能抑制炎症因子、凋亡因子的表达及减少细胞凋亡,从而减轻脑缺血再灌注损伤。     

原发性甲状腺淋巴瘤17例临床分析

目的：探讨原发性甲状腺淋巴瘤（primary thyroid lymphoma,PTL）的临床特点、诊断、治疗及预后。方法：回顾性分析2013年1月至2019年9月北京协和医院收治的17例PTL患者临床资料。结果：9例患者出现甲减,16例患者合并桥本甲状腺炎（Hashimoto’s thyroiditis,HT）,7例患者通过甲状腺穿刺活检确诊,10例患者通过甲状腺部分切除术确诊。弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤（diffuse large B cell lymphoma,DLBCL）11例,黏膜相关淋巴瘤（mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma,MALT）,DLBCL、MALT转化和滤泡型淋巴瘤（follicular lymphoma,FL）各2例。DLBCL组患者平均年龄（61.7±13.0）岁,DLBCL、MALT转化组患者平均年龄（59.0±2.8）岁,MALT组患者平均年龄（61.5±3.5）岁,均明显大于FL组患者的（31.0±14.1岁）。DLBCL组患者血LDH为（380.3±197.9）U/L,高于MALT组和FL组。FL组国际预后指数（international prognostic index,IPI）为 0分,低于其他3组。DLBCL组患者Ki-67为（70.0±16.1）%,高于MALT组的（16.25±8.80）%。结论：原发性甲状腺淋巴瘤与HT关系密切,诊断依靠病理,DLBCL为最常见病理类型,治疗方案根据病理类型及临床分期决定。     

The Effect of Silica Dust Exposure on the Serum Clara Cell Protein 16 Levels in Chinese Workers

<正>Pneumoconiosis is a systemic occupational disease that commonly manifests as diffuse fibrosis of the lungs caused by long-term inhalation of silica dust in the production process. The development of pneumoconiosis is a chronic and progressive process; once it occurs, it is irreversible, and gradually develops into lung injury and respiratory failure, and can cause death regardless of exposure to dust. The     

Projections of Temperature-related Non-accidental Mortality in Nanjing,China

<正>The health effects of climatic changes constitute an important research area, yet few researchers have reported city-or region-specific projections of temperature-related deaths based on assumptions about mitigation and adaptation. Herein, we provide quantitative projections for the number of additional deaths expected in the future, owing to the cold and heat in the city of Nanjing, China, based on 31 global circulation models(GCMs), two representative     

眼视光学专业“医教研防”一体化协同育人模式的创建与实践

为培养满足社会及行业对眼视光专业人才的需求,深度融合附属眼科医院、眼科与视光医学院、眼科研究所和青少年视力低下防治中心的人才、设施、设备和各类资源,创建“医教研防”一体化协同育人模式。以“知识、技能、素养”为一体的高素质应用型人才培养过程为主线,通过依据行业人才标准确立专业人才培养目标、以胜任力为导向优化专业课程体系、改革教学组织形式创建“2+2”教学、打造“双师型”师资队伍、建设“一体两翼”专业教育综合实践平台等实践,取得良好效果。     

垫状卷柏提取物诱导凋亡抗肿瘤作用研究

目的 研究垫状卷柏提取物抗肿瘤作用及相关机制。方法 采用皮下接种H22肝癌细胞株构建小鼠H22肝癌移植瘤模型,随机分为对照组（生理盐水）、5-FU组（30 mg/kg）、垫状卷柏提取物（SP）高、低剂量组（189、63 mg/kg）,连续灌胃15 d。观察小鼠肿瘤生长情况,计算抑瘤率及肝、脾、胸腺指数;TUNEL法观察肿瘤组织细胞凋亡,Western blot测定凋亡相关蛋白的表达,qPCR检测Bax mRNA和Bcl-2 mRNA。结果 与对照组比较,SP高、低剂量组小鼠体质量及肝、脾、胸腺指数均无显著差异;SP高、低剂量组小鼠的肿瘤质量均显著降低,呈现较高抑瘤率（P<0.01）,且高剂量组与5-FU组相近;经TUNEL染色法观察,可见明显凋亡形态改变。qPCR检测表明,SP显著上调Bax mRNA的表达,下调Bcl-2 mRNA的表达。Western blot结果显示SP处理后,Bax、cytochrome c及cleaved caspase-3,caspase-8和caspase-9的表达显著上调（P<0.01）,Bcl-2表达明显减弱,呈剂量依赖性。结论 SP有效抑制H22小鼠体内肿瘤生长,其机制与激活caspase诱导凋亡相关。      

Next-generation Sequencing Study of Pathogens in Serum from Patients with Febrile Jaundice in Sierra Leone

Objective People in Western Africa suffer greatly from febrile jaundice, which is caused by a variety of pathogens. However, yellow fever virus(YFV) is the only pathogen under surveillance in Sierra Leone owing to the undeveloped medical and public health system there. Most of the results of YFV identification are negative. Elucidation of the pathogen spectrum is required to reduce the prevalence of febrile jaundice. Methods In the present study, we used Ion Torrent semiconductor sequencing to profile the pathogen spectrum in archived YFV‐negative sera from 96 patients in Sierra Leone who presented with unexplained febrile jaundice. Results The most frequently identified sequencing reads belonged to the following pathogens: cytomegalovirus(89.58%), Epstein‐Barr virus(55.21%), hepatitis C virus(34.38%), rhinovirus(28.13%), hepatitis A virus(20.83%), coxsackievirus(10.42%), Ebola virus(8.33%), hepatitis E virus(8.33%), lyssavirus(4.17%), leptospirosis(4.17%), chikungunya virus(2.08%), Crimean‐Congo hemorrhagic fever virus(1.04%), and hepatitis B virus(1.04%). Conclusion The distribution of sequencing reads suggests a broader spectrum of pathogens for consideration in clinical diagnostics and epidemiological surveillance in Sierra Leone.     

The Mediating Effect of Body Dissatisfaction in Association between Obesity and Dietary Behavior Changes for Weight Loss in Chinese Children

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the mediating effect of body dissatisfaction in correlation between obesity and dietary behavior changes for weight loss(DBCWL).Methods A total of 680 primary and middle school students were included in this study. Their body height, weight, and waistline were effectively measured, and they were also evaluated to assess their body dissatisfaction, perception of dietary behaviors, and DBCWL. The correlation among these factors was analyzed using mediating effect models.Results The prevalence of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity was significantly higher in males than in females(P 0.05). Overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity, and body dissatisfaction significantly increased the risk for DBCWL(OR = 2.57, 2.77, and 1.95, respectively). Overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity significantly increased the risk for body dissatisfaction(OR = 6.00 and 4.70,respectively). Significant mediating effects of body dissatisfaction were observed in correlation between overweight/obesity and DBCWL and between abdominal obesity and DBCWL(OR = 2.20 and 1.92,respectively; P 0.05), and the proportions of mediating effects among the total effects were 48.89% and 46.60%, respectively.Conclusion Body dissatisfaction might play an important mediating effect in association between DBCWL and obesity, which indicates that guiding children to correctly recognize their body might be more conducive than promoting obese children toward weight loss through dietary behavior changes.     

BMP7腺病毒基因转染对骨髓基质干细胞生物学的影响

目的 探讨BMP7腺病毒基因转染对骨髓基质干细胞(BMSCs)的体外、体内的生物学功能影响.方法 抽取羊的骨髓,分离、培养骨髓基质干细胞.用重组骨形成蛋白7腺病毒(adenovirus bone morphogenetic protein 7;Adeno-BMP7)转染(M.O.I=100)70%～80%融合时的第二代细胞,三天后分别进行透射电镜观察、流式细胞仪检测、Western-blot、钙结节染色以及珊瑚和细胞复合物皮下回植.结果 在体外:细胞超微结构观察显示Adeno-BMP7基因转染后的BMSCs的物质合成代谢功能活跃;流式细胞仪检测表明Adeno-BMP7基因转染对BMSCs的细胞周期无明显影响;Western-blot检测证明转染Adeno-BMP7后的BMSCs有BMP7在蛋白水平上的表达;染色表明转染Adeno-BMP7后的BMSCs可形成较大的钙结节.在体内:转染Adeno-BMP7的BMSCs可明显促进新骨的形成,与没转染Adeno-BMP7的BMSCs有差异.结论 Adeno-BMP7转染可促进BMSCs的体外成骨定向分化,Adeno-BMP7转染后的BMSCs具有更强的体内成骨能力.