聚氨酯避孕套临床前使用可行性和可接受性分析

目的 对使用新型聚氨酯(Pu)男用避孕套的可行性和可接受性进行初步观察。方法 对30对健康已婚夫妇为期6周360次使用国产PU避孕套的效果进行问卷调查。结果 避孕套总破裂率(临床破裂 非临床破裂)为2．22％，临床滑脱率为16．5％，使用观察期间无意外妊娠发生。结论 新型PU避孕套的破裂率和滑脱率分别相近于和高于报道的乳胶避孕套使用情况，感官指标反映PU避孕套具有良好的可接受性。     

Validation of the Taiwan Birth Registry using obstetric records.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Birth certificates are a major source of population-based data often used in maternal and child health research, but their value depends upon the level of accuracy of the data. The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of the birth registry data in Taiwan. METHODS: Obstetric records of a total of 2779 infants born at a municipal hospital in Taipei between 1995 and 1997 were abstracted and linked to the Taiwan Birth Registry (TBR). Concordance was presented by agreement percentages for various birth characteristics including gender, birth order, birth weight, and gestational age. Concordance was further assessed using Cohen's k and sensitivity/specificity for both birth weight and gestational age, with both variables categorized according to their customary definitions. RESULTS: Missing data for specific items in the TBR ranged from 0% (gender) to 1.6% (birth order). The birth registry accurately reported all 4 selected items, with the highest and lowest concordance percentage noted for gender (99.0%) and gestational age (88.3%), respectively. The level of agreement indicated by the Cohen's k statistic ranged from 0.92 to 0.96 for birth weight and gestational age when both variables were treated as categorical variables. CONCLUSIONS: The TBR showed a low rate of missing information and high levels of validity for the elements frequently used in maternal and child health research in Taiwan.     

Combined application of three evoked potentials to improve the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis

INTRODUCTION Multiple sclerosis is a kind of demyelinating disease of central ner- vous system, the application of evoked potentials in multiple sclerosis has been confirmed by many scholars, the most frequently investigat- ed in previous studies are audi…     

超声引导下心包置管在创伤性心包压塞中的应用

目的探讨心包置管在治疗创伤性心包压塞中的应用价值. 方法 1998年3月～2003年9月,我们对9例创伤性心包压塞在超声引导下穿刺积血心包,置入导管,通过导管抽出心包积血,然后及时引流心包内出血. 结果置管引流后,病人的压塞症状明显好转.4例在引流4～8 h内行心脏修补术,2例创伤好转后择期手术,2例引流后痊愈,1例因颅脑创伤严重而死亡. 结论该方法安全可靠,能迅速缓解创伤性心包压塞症状,为心脏修补手术创造较好的条件和较充分的时间,部分病人可以避免手术.     

心理支持疗法对机械通气患者应激反应的影响

目的 观察心理支持疗法(PST)对ICU患者机械通气应激反应的影响。方法 将34例连续机械通气时间在20h的清醒患者，随机分为采用标准的PST方法进行治疗的观察组和对照组，观察焦虑抑郁程度和应激反应改变情况。结果 对照组患者的焦虑抑郁程度明显高于观察组，部分应激反应激素水平升高幅度也明显大于观察组。结论 PST可通过缓解机械通气患者的焦虑抑郁等不良情绪状态减轻机械通气带来的各种心身应激反应，有利于提高机械通气治疗的有效性和安全性。     

异氟醚控制性降压对颅内动脉瘤夹闭术血中S100B含量的影响

目的　测定颅内动脉瘤夹闭前后血中S1 0 0B蛋白含量 ,研究异氟醚控制性降压对脑功能的影响。方法　择期颅内动脉瘤夹闭术病人 30例 ,ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级 ,随机分为两组 :异氟醚降压组 (n=1 5 )和异氟醚非降压组 (n =1 5 )。非降压组术中吸入 1MAC异氟醚维持麻醉。降压组行异氟醚控制性降压 ,平均动脉压下降幅度 30 %～ 4 0 % ,夹闭动脉瘤后降低异氟醚吸入浓度 ,终止降压。分别于切皮前、动脉瘤夹闭后即刻、2、4h、术后第 1、2天取血测定S1 0 0B蛋白含量 ,并于术后 1周随访病人 ,记录有无术后神经系统并发症。结果　 (1 )异氟醚降压后 30min平均动脉压由诱导前的 (95 2± 1 2 3)mmHg降至 (5 8 8± 5 4 )mmHg ,停止降压后 30min血压回升至 (75 1± 8 3)mmHg。降压后外周血管阻力及心肌收缩加速度下降 ,但心率及心输出量均无显著性变化 ;(2 )异氟醚降压组与非降压组间同一时间点血中S1 0 0B蛋白浓度无明显差异。降压组术后第 1天及第 2天血中S1 0 0B蛋白浓度均显著升高 (F =2 94 4 ,P =0 0 1 8)。结论　在颅内动脉瘤夹闭术中应用异氟醚控制性降压可能加重了术后脑损伤 ,不利于病人围麻醉期脑功能的保护     

Correction of keratoconus with rigid gas-permeable contact lenses

This study analyzed the feasibility of fitting keratoconus-affected corneas with nonkeratoconus rigid gas-permeable (RGP) contact lenses. We retrospectively studied patients with a diagnosis of keratoconus in the past 10 years who were fitted successfully with nonkeratoconus RGP lenses by the same physician. Results confirmed nonkeratoconus RGP lenses as the first-line correction tool. Additionally, we found a simple equation to speed the choice of the base curves of the lenses. The authors have stated that they do not have a significant financial interest or other relationship with any product manufacturer or provider of services discussed in this article.     

中国男性原发不育的遗传高风险因子:Y染色体DAZ基因拷贝缺失

目的 探讨Y染色体无精症因子C区(azoospermia factor C，AZFe)无精症缺失基因(deleted-in-azoospermia，DAZ)家族基因拷贝缺失与中国男性原发不育之间的关系。方法 运用多重PCR与PCR-RFLP检测技术，对210例已生育男性、216例原发无精症与189例严重少精症患者Y染色体AzFc区域DAZ基因家族的基因拷贝数进行分析。结果 在所有已生育男性中未检出DAZ基因拷贝的完全或部分缺失，而在原发无精症与严重少精症患者中DAZ基因拷贝完全缺失率分别为8．8％和12．2％，DAZ1／DAZ2共缺失率分别为8．3％和5．3％。结论 在中国男性原发无精症与严重少精症患者中存在较高频率的DAZ基因拷贝缺失现象，提示Y染色体AZFc区域DAZ基因家族基因拷贝的完全与部分缺失是中国男性原发不育的遗传高风险因子。     

以临床技术流程功能定位需求为基础的生理监测仪功能配置

病人生理监测仪是临床医学的主要仪器,由于涉及技术流程的功能定位不同,功能需求也就不同,其功能配置也就有所不同。从生理监测仪相关应用领域的分解技术功能定位出发,讨论装备管理的功能配置问题。     

大豆蛋白影响肾损害模型钙摄入和钙排出的实验研究

[目的]研究大豆蛋白对肾损害大鼠钙平衡的影响。[方法]选择3月龄断乳雄性SD大鼠40只．按体质量从小到大排序，采用完全随机化原则分为4组。每组10只。标准饲料对照组：喂食含有14％酪蛋白饲料；大豆蛋白饲料组：喂食含有14％大豆分离蛋白饲料；混合饲料1组：喂食含有7％酪蛋白加7％大豆分离蛋白饲料；混合饲料2组：喂食含有7％酪蛋白加14％大豆分离蛋白饲料。实验期用腺嘌呤灌胃共21d，建立肾损害大鼠模型，各组大鼠喂养相应饲料6周，测饲料消耗量、24h尿蛋白、尿钙、钙表观吸收率、储留钙量。[结果]4组实验大鼠饲料摄入量1d～30d无统计学差异，大豆蛋白饲料组和混合饲料1组实验结束时与另外两组相比，尿钙排泄量低，钙表观吸收率和储留钙量高，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。[结论]蛋白质含量水平在14％条件下，含大豆蛋白的两种饲料对肾损害大鼠钙吸收、钙排泄的影响无统计学差异，有利于促进钙吸收，减少钙排泄。