手术治疗老年股骨转子间骨折

目的探讨手术治疗老年股骨转子间骨折的效果。方法用国产Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓ钉、１３０°角钢板（新型氮化钛自动加压梯形钢板）及加压螺钉３种内固定技术治疗不同类型老年股骨转子间骨折８２例。结果稳定型骨折术后优良率１００％,不稳定型骨折术后优良率９２％;３种术式优良率：Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓ钉４５／４８,１３０°角钢板１９／２０,加压螺钉３／３。结论老年股骨转子间骨折以手术治疗为宜,手术方式应根据患者情况和骨折稳定程度决定。     

The −786 T/C polymorphism of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">NOS3</Emphasis> gene is associated with elite performance in power sports

The NOS3 gene is a candidate to explain individual variations in health and exercise related phenotypes. We compared genotypic and allelic frequencies of the NOS3 −786 T/C polymorphism (rs2070744) in three groups of men of the same Caucasian (Spanish) descent: (i) elite endurance athletes (cyclists, runners; N = 100); (ii) elite power athletes (jumpers, throwers, sprinters; N = 53) and (iii) non-athletic controls (N = 100). The frequency of the TT genotype was significantly higher in power athletes (57%) than in the endurance (33%, P = 0.017) or control group (34%, P = 0.026). The frequency of the T allele was also higher in power sportsmen (71%) than in their endurance (55%, P = 0.003) and control referents (56%, P = 0.015). No differences were observed between control and endurance groups. In summary, the −786 T/C polymorphism of the NOS3 gene seems to be associated with elite performance in power-oriented athletic events (throwing, jumping, sprinting), with the T allele exerting a beneficial effect. The mechanism by which this allele variant might benefit power performance remains to be elucidated.     

Placental glycolysis and energy metabolism in preeclampsia

We examined the possibility that in preeclampsia complicated by fetal growth retardation, placental energy state is low either because of impaired glycolysis or because of ischemia resulting from reduced maternal placental blood flow. Concentrations of pyruvate and lactate, but not of glycogen and glucose, were significantly low in placentas of mothers with severe preeclampsia, supporting previous indirect evidence of inhibited glycolysis. Nevertheless, direct measurements of adenine nucleotide concentrations did not indicate reduced placental energy level in the preeclamptic placentas. This along with a lack of change of the ratio of lactate/pyruvate concentration (an indication of the redox state of cytoplasmic reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is also evidence against the hypothesis of general placental ischemia leading to energy deficiency. However, as glycolysis is an important source of precursors, particularly pyruvate, for synthesis of amino acids and lipids, these results suggest that there is a significant metabolic abnormality in placentas of mothers with severe preeclampsia.     

Apocrine carcinoma of the vulva in a band-like arrangement with inflammatory and telangiectatic metastasis via local lymphatic channels

BACKGROUND: Primary adenocarcinomas of the vulva have been classified as sweat gland carcinomas, extramammary Paget's disease, and primary breast carcinomas of the vulva. They share some common histopathologic features. METHODS: We describe a 72-year-old Japanese woman with apocrine carcinoma of the vulva and local lymphatic metastasis. RESULTS: The patient presented with a bruise on her inguinal area. Physical examination revealed a 4 cm x 7 cm, dark-red, irregularly elevated tumor on the left labium majora. Dome-shaped, flesh-colored, small papulovesicles were scattered on the abdomen, accompanied by erythema and induration. The lesion showed a band-like arrangement. General examination revealed multiple bone metastases, particularly in the spine. Microscopic examination revealed a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma with signet ring cells. A few pagetoid clear cells were present in the hypertrophic epidermis. The peripheral papulovesicles demonstrated the same histopathologic view as in inflammatory and telangiectatic, metastatic breast carcinoma. Tumor cells were positive for various ductal and glandular markers. Estrogen and progesterone receptors were not expressed. Ultrastructural findings suggested differentiation towards apocrine or mammary glands because of the presence of an apocrine process and electron-dense mucous granules. The patient died in spite of combination chemotherapy and irradiation therapy. CONCLUSIONS: We report a rare case of apocrine carcinoma of the vulva in a band-like arrangement with local lymphatic metastasis which showed the clinical and histopathologic characteristics of inflammatory and telangiectatic carcinoma.     

灵山县部分传统食品中掺加硼砂情况的调查

目的:了解本地传统食品中掺加禁用防腐剂硼砂的情况。方法:对辖区市场上的传统食品以购买形式进行随机采样;硼砂定性试验按国家标准GB/T5009.29-2003规定进行;硼砂定量测定按北欧食品分析委员会编号1-1950方法进行。结果:在10个品种的122份样品中,硼砂定性试验呈阳性反应的有72份,总阳性率为59.0%;对呈阳性反应的鲜湿米切粉、粳米水糕、槐花糕、槐花凉粉、干榨米粉、凉粽、肉丸类、面条类及冬瓜蓉馅月饼样品进行定量测定,其结果平均值分别为4.04、11.7、6.37、8.48、2.98、1.47、14.5、3.00、0.79 g/kg。结论:本地传统食品中掺加硼砂情况严重,应引起人们的关注。     

Cocaine and amphetamine modification of cerebral energy metabolism in vivo

At the time of maximal behavioral stimulation after injection of amphetamine (5 mg/kg) in mice, elevation of cerebral cortical levels of malate in the citric acid cycle and of the amino acid, alanine, was observed, suggesting that this drug has widespread effects on energy metabolism. Cocaine (20 mg/kg), in contrast, produced elevation of brain glucose but not of citric acid cycle substrates or amino acids at the time of maximal hyperactivity. These observations are discussed in terms of the mechanisms of action of these two central nervous system stimulants.     

Effects of pertussis toxin on electroacupuncture-produced anti-hyperalgesia in inflamed rats

Our previous study showed that electroacupuncture (EA) significantly attenuated hyperalgesia in an animal model of persistent inflammatory pain. The present study was designed to show if Gi/o protein is involved in EA-produced anti-hyperalgesia. Spinal Gi/o-protein function was destroyed by intrathecal pretreatment with pertussis toxin (PTX). Seven days after the placement of an intrathecal PE-10 tube, PTX was injected into the intrathecal space of the lumbar spinal cord of rats. Seven days after PTX, complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) was injected into the plantar surface of one hind paw of the rat to induce hyperalgesia in the injected paw. EA treatment was given at acupoint GB30 immediately post-CFA and then hyperalgesia was assessed by measuring the degree of decreased paw withdrawal latency (PWL) to a noxious thermal stimulus. The results showed that PTX pretreatment prevented EA-produced anti-hyperalgesia in the CFA inflammatory pain model but did not affect either baseline pain threshold or CFA-induced hyperalgesia. The data suggest that EA-produced anti-hyperalgesia is mediated by PTX-sensitive Gi/o proteins and the relevant signaling pathways.