A组乙型链球菌脂磷壁酸的提取及其交叉反应性研究

目的 探讨A组乙型链球菌(iAS)脂磷壁酸(LTA)提取方法及其在风湿热发病过程中的意义。方法 用曲通114(TX—114)从GAS中提取LTA并用阴离子交换树脂二乙基氨基纤维素(DEAE—Sephace1)层析纯化；做LTA与人心瓣膜抗原吸附试验；分析LTA抗体的滴度与风湿性心脏病瓣膜病理结果的关系。结果 用TX—114提取并用阴离子交换树脂DEAE-Sephaccl层析纯化的LTA纯度较高，且保持了LTA的生物学活性；吸附抗体后的血清标本LTA抗体由阳性转为阴性，而末吸附抗体的血清标本LTA抗体仍为阳性，提示LTA与人心瓣膜之间存在交叉抗原性：血清LTA—IgG抗体阳性的4例患者中有3例病理切片发现心瓣膜或心肌间质有灶性炎症细胞浸润；血清LTA-IgG抗体阴性的6例病人均未见灶性炎症细胞浸润(Fiher精确概率=0．033)。结论 TX—114法是提取GAS的LTA的有效新方法；GAS的UFA与人心瓣膜之间存在交叉抗原性，LTA可能参与了风湿热的发病过程。     

Pick’s disease with Pick bodies combined with progressive supranuclear palsy without tuft‐shaped astrocytes: A clinical,neuroradiologic and pathological study of an autopsied case

We report clinical, neuroradiologic features, and neuropathologic findings of a 76‐year‐old man with coexistent Pick’s disease and progressive supranuclear palsy. The patient presented with loss of recent memory, abnormal behavior and change in personality at the age of 60. The symptoms were progressive. Three years later, repetitive or compulsive behavior became prominent. About 9 years after onset, he had difficulty moving and became bed‐ridden because of a fracture of his left leg. His condition gradually deteriorated and he developed mutism and became vegetative. The patient died from pneumonia 16 years after the onset of symptoms. Serial MRI scans showed progressive cortex atrophy, especially in the bilateral frontal and temporal lobes. Macroscopic inspection showed severe atrophy of the whole brain, including cerebrum, brainstem and cerebellum. Microscopic observations showed extensive superficial spongiosis and severe neuronal loss with gliosis in the second and third cortical layers in the frontal, temporal and parietal cortex. There were Pick cells and argyrophilic Pick bodies, which were tau‐ and ubiquitin‐positive in neurons of layers II–III of the above‐mentioned cortex. Numerous argyrophilic Pick bodies were observed in the hippocampus, especially in the dentate fascia. In addition, moderate to severe loss of neurons was found with gliosis and a lot of Gallyas/tau‐positive globus neurofibrillary tangles in the caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, thalamus, substantia nigra, locus coeruleus and dentate nucleus. Numerous thorned‐astrocytes and coiled bodies but no‐tuft shaped astrocytes were noted in the basal ganglion, brainstem and cerebellar white matter. In conclusion, these histopathological features were compatible with classical Pick’s disease and coexistence with progressive supranuclear palsy without tuft‐shaped astrocytes.     

儿童肺炎支原体感染状况分析

目的 探讨儿童的肺炎支原体(MP)感染现状及早期诊断的意义。方法 检测181例就诊儿童血液标本分析MP感染的状况。结果 肺炎支原体感染率为29.8％;男性患儿MP检测阳性率(35.7％)明显高于女性患儿(16.4％)(P<0.01);5岁以下患儿阳性率超过50％,且有3例婴儿检测阳性;10-12月份支原体肺炎发病率明显增加,占全年的40.7％。结论 针对儿童支原体肺炎的发病情况,早诊断,早治疗,利于患儿尽早康复,防止肺部病变迁延及肺外并发症的发生。     

深圳市全人口结核病控制实施效果评价

目的　研究深圳市实施包含非户籍人口在内的全人口结核病控制模式。方法 在全人口中推行以发现和彻底治疗传染性肺结核病为主的现代结核病控制和监测策略。结果 从1993年至2001年,登记涂阳肺结核8483例,治愈率96.3%。肺结核疫情明显下降,深圳市户籍人口涂阳患病率下降55.9%,非户籍人口涂阳患病率下降38.6%。结论 实施全人口结核病控制是必要的、可行的和科学的。     

MRV检测脑静脉窦血栓的作用

目的探讨磁共振静脉血管成像(MRV)用于检测脑静脉窦血栓(CVT)的应用价值。方法8例CVT患者均行MRI标准自旋回波T1WI、T2WI和VEN/3D/PCA。结果VEN/3D/PCA比标准SE序列T1WI和T2WI多检测出CVT3处,与脑血管造影的结果完全相符。结论MRV可以准确无创的诊断CVT。     

加强医疗仪器设备管理提高医疗仪器设备使用效益

加强医疗设备管理,提高设备使用效益,制定合理的计划,正确选购设备,为医院提供品种、性能、精度适当的技术装备。     

代孕技术中的伦理道德及法律问题

新近发展的代孕技术给众多不孕夫妇带来为人父母的喜悦之时,也对人们传统的生殖伦理观念形成冲击并挑战现存法律制度.人们不仅要肯定代孕技术的合理性,也要警惕其所产生的潜在的破坏性影响.合理利用该技术和制定相应的法规是避免出现伦理和社会混乱的有效途径.     

肩锁钩钢板内固定治疗RockwoodⅢ～V型肩锁关节脱位

目的总结肩锁钩钢板内固定治疗RockwoodⅢ～Ⅴ型肩锁关节脱位的疗效。方法2001年3月-2003年12月,对12例肩锁关节脱位患者采用切开复位肩锁钩钢板内固定治疗,其中RockwoodⅢ型8例,Ⅳ型2例,Ⅴ型2例；脱位距就诊时间为2 h～5 d,平均2．5 d。结果术后10例获得3个月～2年随访,2例失访。术后肩锁关节位置恢复,肩关节外展上举活动范围达160°～170°,2例在举重物时肩锁关节有轻度的疼痛,1例肩关节外展80°时肩锁关节开始疼痛,患侧上肢肌力较健侧稍减弱。肩关节功能按Constant标准评定为86～96分,平均92分。结论肩锁钩钢板内固定可恢复肩锁关节的解剖位置和微动特性,是治疗重度肩锁关节脱位的良好术式。     

经皮椎间盘摘出联合医用臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的探讨经皮髓核摘除术(PLD)联合医用臭氧注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床效果及可行性。方法临床与影像检查确诊为腰椎间盘突出25例,先行PLD,后行椎间盘内及椎旁注射臭氧。结果25例病人治疗后经一年随访,治愈21例,有效24例,无效1例,无一例并发症。结论PLD联合医用臭氧治疗腰椎间盘突出症,安全可靠,可改善治疗效果,减少不良反应,值得推广应用。     

慢性阻塞性肺病患者营养与餐后低氧的关系

目的研究慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)患者的营养状况与餐后低氧的关系.方法51例COPD急性加重期后的患者连续监测就餐前后SpO2,同时记录饮食情况并换算为各营养素的量.结果营养不良组COPD患者餐后SpO2低于餐前,降低幅度超过3%(P＜0.05),进餐时间相对延长,营养物质摄入减少.SpO2变化与单位体质量总热量的摄入呈负相关(P＜0.05).结论重度COPD患者的营养状况可能与患者进餐后发生的缺氧、低氧血症有关,在营养支持中应考虑采取适当措施干预就餐引起的相关低氧血症的发生.