Relationship of concentration of proteins in saliva and dental caries susceptibility in 4～5 year old children

目的 初步探讨儿童刺激性全唾液中蛋白成分与乳牙患龋状况的关系.方法 单纯随机抽样法选取4～5岁、性别匹配的高龋(龋、失、补指数≥5,高龋组)和无龋(龋、失、补指数=0,无龋组)儿童各40例.吐取法收集刺激性全唾液,双金鸡纳酸法测定总蛋白含量.十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰氨凝胶电泳定量分析各蛋白成分.结果高龋组儿童唾液中总蛋白含量低于无龋组(P＜0.01).平均每个样品分离出i0条可分析条带,两组比较,10 000、28 000、38 000、56 000、77 000蛋白百分含量高龋组均高于无龋组;14 500蛋白百分含量高龋组与无龋组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.137).结论 患龋程度不同的儿童唾液中,分子量为10000、28 000、38 000、56 000、77 000的蛋白含量有差异,可能与乳牙龋易感性不同有关.     

One‐Year Clinical Outcome of a Randomized Trial of Polymer‐Free Paclitaxel‐Eluting Stents Versus Biodegradable Polymer‐Based Rapamycin‐Eluting Stents in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

Background: More widespread use of drug‐eluting stents (DES) to treat coronary heart disease (CHD) has recently generated more attention to thrombosis, which was relative to the polymer. Polymer‐free and biodegradable polymer‐based stents are more frequently studied, but their efficacy on preventing detrimental clinical events is unclear. Methods and Results: To assess whether polymer‐free paclitaxel‐eluting stent (YINYI stent) was noninferior or equivalent to biodegradable polymer‐based rapamycin‐eluting stents (EXCEL stent) in preventing detrimental clinical cardiovascular events, a total of 167 consecutive CHD patients requiring DES implantation were randomly divided into the YINYI group (n = 82) and the EXCEL group (n = 85). The primary end‐point was major adverse cardiac events (MACE). The secondary end‐points included stent thrombosis events, all‐cause mortality, and rehospitalization. The study was designed to test the noninferiority or equivalence of the YINYI stent compared with the EXCEL stent with respect to one‐year MACE according to a noninferiority or equivalence margin of 0.1. One‐year MACE was 6.10% in the YINYI group versus 5.88% in the EXCEL group. The lower limit of the one‐sided 95% confidence interval was ?0.0582 (P = 0.002 from the test for noninferiority). The 95% confidence interval for the equivalence test was [?0.0698, 0.0742] (P₁=0.004 and P₂=0.007 from 2 times the 1‐sided test for equivalence). There was no statistically significant difference in thrombosis events, all‐cause death, and rehospitalization (all P > 0.05). Conclusions: In this small randomized trial, polymer‐free paclitaxel‐eluting stents appear to be noninferior or equivalent to biodegradable polymer‐based rapamycin‐eluting stents. (J Interven Cardiol 2012;25:604–610)     

Protective Effects of Puzzle Kang Nao Pill on Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Rabbits

目的 观察益智康脑丸对兔脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用.方法 采用双侧颈总动脉夹闭法建立兔脑缺血再灌注损伤模型.将脑缺血再灌注损伤兔54只按随机数字表法分为缺血再灌注组18只,益智康脑丸治疗组18只,假手术组18只.检测海马组织磷脂酶A2(PLA2)活性、TTC染色法测定脑梗死面积、光镜下观察脑组织的病理变化.结果 兔脑缺血再灌注1 h、6 h、12 h后海马组织PLA2的活性较假手术组明显增高(P＜0.01);益智康脑丸治疗组PLA2的活性显著降低,与缺血再灌注组各相应时间点比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 益智康脑丸可通过降低脑组织PLA2活性、改善脑循环、减轻脑缺血再灌注损伤,从而发挥脑保护作用.     

Processing Environmental Stimuli in Paranoid Schizophrenia: Recognizing Facial Emotions and Performing Executive Functions

ObjectiveTo study the contribution of executive function to abnormal recognition of facial expressions of emotion in schizophrenia patients.MethodsAbnormal recognition of facial expressions of emotion was assayed according to Japanese and Caucasian facial expressions of emotion (JACFEE), Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST), positive and negative symptom scale, and Hamilton anxiety and depression scale, respectively, in 88 paranoid schizophrenia patients and 75 healthy volunteers.ResultsPatients scored higher on the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale and the Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scales, displayed lower JACFEE recognition accuracies and poorer WCST performances. The JACFEE recognition accuracy of contempt and disgust was negatively correlated with the negative symptom scale score while the recognition accuracy of fear was positively with the positive symptom scale score and the recognition accuracy of surprise was negatively with the general psychopathology score in patients. Moreover, the WCST could predict the JACFEE recognition accuracy of contempt, disgust, and sadness in patients, and the perseverative errors negatively predicted the recognition accuracy of sadness in healthy volunteers. The JACFEE recognition accuracy of sadness could predict the WCST categories in paranoid schizophrenia patients.ConclusionRecognition accuracy of social-/moral emotions, such as contempt, disgust and sadness is related to the executive function in paranoid schizophrenia patients, especially when regarding sadness.     

The Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and its Association with Lifestyle/dietary Habits among University Faculty and Staff in Chengdu

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in different university categories and its association with lifestyle/dietary habits.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out on 9 378 faculty members and staff who participated in an annual health checkup at three universities selected by random cluster sampling. Demographic, anthropometric, biochemical indices and abdominal ultrasound measurements were collected. A nested case-control study was conducted with 200 NAFLD cases and 200 controls matched by gender, age (±3 years), and university.ResultsThe overall prevalence of NAFLD was 10.3% (13.7% in males and 6.8% in females). The prevalence was significantly higher in the science and engineering university (22.1%) than in the comprehensive universities with (6.4%) and without (10.9%) medical colleges. Obesity/overweight, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and family history of NAFLD were independently associated with higher risk of NAFLD, as were frequent consumption of desserts and salty/spicy foods. Using nutritional supplements was a protective factor against NAFLD. Intake of coarse cereals, potatoes, vegetables, fruits, and milk was significantly lower, and intake of red meat, viscera, candies and pastries, cooking oil, and total energy was significantly higher in participants with NAFLD than in controls.ConclusionScience and engineering university faculty and staff are key targets for NAFLD prevention. NAFLD is closely associated with age, gender, university type, metabolic diseases, and lifestyle/dietary habits.     

Using Interrupted Time Series Design to Analyze Changes in Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Incidence during the Declining Incidence Periods of 2008-2010 in China

ObjectiveTo identify patterns of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) incidence in China during declining incidence periods of 2008, 2009, and 2010.MethodsReported HFMD cases over a period of 25 months were extracted from the National Disease Reporting System (NDRS) and analyzed. An interrupted time series (ITS) technique was used to detect changes in HFMD incidence rates in terms of level and slope between declining incidence periods of the three years.ResultsOver 3.58 million HFMD cases younger than 5 years were reported to the NDRS between May 1, 2008, and May 31, 2011. Males comprised 63.4% of the cases. ITS analyses demonstrated a significant increase in incidence rate level (P<0.0001) when comparing the current period with the previous period. There were significant changes in declining slopes when comparing 2010 to 2009, and 2010 to 2008 (all P<0.005), but not 2009 to 2008.ConclusionIncremental changes in incidence rate level during the declining incidence periods of 2009 and 2010 can potentially be attributed to a few factors. The more steeply declining slope in 2010 compared with previous years could be ascribed to the implementation of more effective interventions and preventive strategies in 2010. Further investigation is required to examine this possibility.     

Correlation between dual-phases CT enhancement patterns and histopathology in the rim of hepatocellular carcinoma

目的 探讨原发性肝细胞癌(primary hepatocellular carcinoma,PHCC)64排螺旋CT双期边缘部强化特征的组织病理学基础.方法 52例经手术病理或穿刺活检证实的PHCC患者术前行全肝CT平扫及双期增强扫描,观察其边缘部CT强化方式;手术标本行常规HE染色和HapPar1、CD34免疫组化染色,观察其各种病理改变.结果 CT平扫病灶边缘清楚者,病理上肿瘤多有或薄或厚包膜,肿瘤以膨胀性生长为主;而边缘不清的病理上肿瘤浸润性生长多见;动态增强后肿瘤边缘不清或呈高密度者,癌细胞浸润率高,边缘新生血管丰富,转移几率高,预后差;而呈低密度者癌细胞浸润率低,新生血管较少,转移几率低,预后相对较好.结论 动态CT双期增强扫描能很好地显示肿瘤边缘的强化特征,进而反映其组织病理学改变,对临床治疗方式的选择意义重大.     

双气囊小肠镜诊断不明原因消化道出血的临床研究

背景:双气囊小肠镜(DBE)是诊断不明原因消化道出血(OGIB)的常用方法,不同地区OGIB病因有所差异。目的:评价DBE诊断OGIB的有效性和安全性,分析湖北地区OGIB患者的病因特点。方法:收集2006年12月～2012年1月武汉大学人民医院诊断为OGIB的216例患者,并接受DBE检查,对诊断结果、治疗、随访、并发症等进行回顾性分析。结果:DBE的诊断率为80.6%(174/216),并发症发生率为1.9%(4/216),DBE对76.8%(166/216)患者的治疗策略产生影响。湖北地区常见的OGIB病因依次为憩室/重复畸形(23.1%)、肿瘤(21.8%)、溃疡/糜烂(21.8%)、息肉(5.6%)等。结论:DBE是一种安全、有效的OGIB诊断方法。湖北地区OGIB病因以憩室/重复畸形、肿瘤、溃疡/糜烂较为常见。     

主动脉球囊反搏在前降支近端病变经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术中的应用

目的将主动脉内球囊反搏(IABP)应用于前降支(LAD)近端病变经皮冠状动脉内支架置入术中,探讨其对患者术中及预后影响。方法收集从2007年1月至2010年12月因LAD近端病变行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术(PCI)者880例,其中将应用IABP的544例作为IABP组,余未应用IABP的336例为对照组,比较两组术中、术后情况。结果 IABP组术中并发症及住院期间心血管事件总发生率低于对照组,两者比较差异均有统计学意义(χ2=4.12,P<0.05);IABP组术后6个月、12个月左心室舒张末内径(52.23±3.00)mm、(52.80±2.65)mm明显小于对照组(54.06±4.01)mm、(54.86±4.39)mm,术后1个月、6个月、12个月左心室射血分数(51.92±4.16,53.46±4.33,53.88±4.32)明显大于对照组(49.51±4.24,50.65±4.25,51.14±4.39),且IABP组随访心血管事件发生率明显低于对照组,两者比较差异均有统计学意义(χ2=20.76,P<0.05)。结论在IABP辅助下行LAD近端病变PCI术可降低手术操作难度及危险性,并能改善患者预后。     

双乌风湿合剂微生物限度检查的方法学验证研究

目的:建立双乌风湿合剂的微生物限度检验方法。方法:按中国药典2010年版规定,分别采用平皿法、直接接种法对样品进行微生物限度检查,根据5株阳性对照菌的回收率结果进行其方法学验证试验研究。结果:大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、白色念珠菌和黑曲霉的菌落回收率均>70%;控制菌(大肠埃希菌)采用直接接种法可检出。结论:经验证双乌风湿合剂微生物限度采用平皿法检查细菌、霉菌及酵母菌,直接接种法检查控制菌,方法有效可行。