应用荧光多重聚合酶链反应法检测结直肠癌微卫星不稳定

目的建立一种敏感、稳定、高通量的结直肠癌微卫星不稳定(MSI)检测技术。方法105例散发性结直肠癌患者取其新鲜癌组织及正常肠黏膜,DNA提取,荧光多重聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增5个微卫星位点,应用GeneScan方法分析PCR产物。结果105例结直肠癌患者26例(24.7%)存在微卫星不稳定,其中MSI-H 14例(13.3%),MSI-L 12例(11.4%),MSS 79例(75.3%)。D5S346、BAT26、BAT25、D17S250、D2S123突变率分别为5.6%、8.6%、10.5%、8.6%、10.5%。结论应用荧光多重PCR可以高通量检测结直肠癌微卫星不稳定,敏感性高,结果可靠,适合临床应用。     

原发鼻腔NK/T细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤临床分析

目的观察放化疗联合对原发鼻腔NK/T细胞淋巴瘤的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2008年1～12月收治的12例原发性鼻腔NK/细胞淋巴瘤的疗效。结果完全缓解率33.33%,部分缓解率58.33%,疾病进展患者占8.33%。1年生存率91.67%,2年生存率58.33%。结论放化疗联合对原发鼻腔NK/T非霍奇金淋巴瘤疗效显著。     

人工瓣环成形术与其联合"缘对缘"瓣膜成形术治疗重度三尖瓣关闭不全

Objective To analyze whether association of edge to edge valve repair to artificial ring annuloplasty would result in better results in patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR).Methods From April,2001 to May,2010,41 patients underwent tricuspid valve repair to treat severe TR were studied.Twenty-one patients were done artificial ring annuloplasty alone (group R) and twenty patients were done artificial ring annuloplasty associated with edge to edge valve repair ( group E).All the patients received echocardiography before surgery,before discharge and in mid and long-term follow-up.The ratio between TR jet area (TRA) and right atrial area (RAA) was used to quantitatively evaluate the seriousness of TR.Movement of tricuspid valve leaflets,tricuspid valve orifice area,pulmonary artery pressure ( PAP),left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF) were obserbed to evaluate heart function.Results At discharge in group R,no or trivial TR was presented in 7 patients,mild TR in 12 patients and moderate TR in 2 patient.Bad apposition of the free edges of anterior and septal leaflets was observed in paients with mild and moderate TR.While in group E,no or trivial TR was presented in 13 patients and mild TR in 7 patients.The follow-up ranged from 6 months to 100 months[average (54.8 ±26.7) months].In group R,no or trivial TR was present in 5 patients,mild TR in 11 patients,moderate TR in 4 patients and severe in 1 patient.Bad apposition of the free edges of anterior and septal leaflets was observed in paients with mild to severe TR.Redo tricuspid valve repair was done in one patient in group R for recurrent severe TR and the edge-to-edge valve repair was utilized.In group E,no tricuspid stenosis was found.No or trivial TR was presented in 10 patients,mild TR in 9 patients and moderate TR in 1 patient.The ratio of TRA/RAA of group R was significantly higher than that of group E (0.25 ±0.16 vs.0.13±0.10,P < 0.01).Conclusion Association of edge-to-edge valve technique to artificial ring annuloplasty was safe and effective for treatment of severe tricuspid regurgitation due to bad apposition of free edges of tricuspid leaflets and dilatation of tricuspid annulus,.It could decrease the incidence of residual tricuspid regurgitation and prevent the recurrence of severe tricuspid regurgitation.     

风湿性二尖瓣狭窄左心房血栓形成的危险因素分析

目的 探讨风湿性二尖瓣狭窄左心房血栓形成的危险因素.方法 2001年1月至2008年12月,2277例风湿性二尖瓣狭窄病人接受手术治疗,男737例,女1540例;年龄19～84岁,平均(50.9±10.2)岁.按左心房有无血栓分为血栓组(554例)和无血栓组(1723例).回顾性分析入选病例的一般资料、心电图、超声心动图及实验室检查资料.对单因素分析中有统计学意义的指标行多因素回归分析.结果 单因素分析发现年龄、二尖瓣瓣口面积、左心房内径、左室舒张末径、C反应蛋白、性别、二尖瓣狭窄程度、二尖瓣反流程度、三尖瓣反流程度、肺动脉高压程度、房颤和心功能分级共12个因素组间差异有统计学意义.多因素回归分析发现年龄、二尖瓣瓣口面积、左心房内径、二尖瓣反流程度、房颤是风湿性二尖瓣狭窄病人左心房血栓形成的主要影响因素.结论 风湿性二尖瓣狭窄病人年龄、二尖瓣瓣口面积、左心房内径、房颤是并发左心房血栓的主要危险因素.二尖瓣反流可以降低左心房血栓形成的风险,是左心房血栓形成的保护性因素.

Abstract：

Objective To analysis of risk factors for left atrial thrombosis in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis.Methods From January 2001 to December 2008, 2277 patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis underwent operations in our hospital. There were 737 males and 1540 female, the age ranged from 19 to 84 years [average (50.9 ±10.2) years]. Left atrial thrombosis group (554 cases) and no thrombosis group (1723 cases) were divided, retrospectively collected data were analyzed with univariate and multivariate Logistic regression. Results 12 bvariables, including age, mitral valve orifice area, left atrial diameter, left ventricular diastole diameter, CRP, gender , degree of mitral stenosis, or regurgitation, degree of bicuspid regurgitation, degree of pulmonary hypertension, atrial fibrillation and heart function had statistic difference between two groups. With multivariate Logistic regression for these 12 factors, age, mitral valve orifice area, left atrial diameter, degree of mitral regurgitation and atrial fibrillation were found to be the affecting factors for left atrial thrombosis in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis. Conclusion For patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis, age, mitral valve orifice area, left atrial diameter and atrial fibrillation are the risk factors for left atrial thrombosis. Mitral regurgitation is a protective factor for left atrial thrombosis.     

可吸收固定棒结合环扎加钢丝内固定治疗髌骨粉碎性骨折

2007年9月-2010年8月,我们采用聚左旋乳酸可吸收固定棒结合抗米微侨可吸收线环扎加＂8＂字钢丝内固定治疗43例髌骨粉碎性骨折,疗效满意。     

微创改良TLIF联合单侧钉棒系统固定治疗腰椎退行性疾病

[目的]探讨采用微创(minimally invasive)改良经腰椎间孔椎体间融合(modified transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion,TLIF)联合单侧钉棒系统治疗腰椎退行性疾病(lumbar vertebrae degenerative disease)的适应证、手术方法、初步疗效及并发症.[方法]2010年1月～2011年3月,随机选取有微创TLIF术适应证腰椎退行性疾病病例30例,其中微创改良TLIF联合单侧钉棒系统固定组(A组)15例,常规开放TLIF组(B组)15例,行各自术式手术并进行对照研究.[结果]术后6个月A组同B组在腰椎椎间植骨融合率、JOA评分等比较差异均显著,具有统计学意义(P(0.05).[结论]微创改良TLIF联合单侧钉棒系统固定治疗腰椎退行性疾病具有软组织损伤小、出血量少、不破坏对侧正常结构、住院时间短、腰椎椎间植骨融合率高、临床症状、体征及括约肌功能改善率高、并发症发生率低的优点,值得在临床推广应用.     

输尿管镜手术时入镜困难66例临床分析

目的:探讨输尿管镜手术时入镜困难的原因与对策。方法:2003年4月～2005年12月共作输尿管镜手术1256例次,其中66例发生入镜困难,均采用相关方法处理。结果:6例采用技巧性旋转入镜成功,53例采用调节体位输尿管扩张等方法入镜成功,2例中转开放手术,5例插管后行ESWL。结论:克服输尿管镜入镜困难的要点是熟悉输尿管的解剖结构与镜下的立体空间感及操作技巧。     

髂骨块在跟骨严重骨折手术中的应用

[目的]评价严重跟骨骨折手术治疗中使用髂骨块作为植骨材料的疗效。[方法]2000年5月～2007年4月收治58例61足经髂骨块植骨治疗跟骨骨折，对患者术后骨折复位、术后并发症进行随访。[结果]有完整随访的54例57足，平均随访时间50．4个月，术后Gissane、Bohler角均恢复，骨折全部骨性愈合，按Maryland评定标准，优（90～100分）39足，良（75～89分）14足，可（50～74分）3足，差（〈50分）1足，优良率为92．98％。[结论]选择髂骨块植骨治疗跟骨骨折能达到解剖复位或近似解剖复位，直接恢复跟骨的Gissane、Boihler角，可减少外固定时间及术后并发症的发生率。     

精氨酸对肝硬化肝癌患者术后全胃肠外营养的肝脏保护作用

目的 研究精氨酸对原发性肝癌（primary liver cancer,PLC)伴肝硬化病人术后全胃肠外营养（total parenteral nutrition,TPN)时的肝脏保护作用。方法 将30例行肝段或肝叶切除手术的病人随机分为对照组（TPN组）及实验组（TPN＋精氨酸组）。观察病人术前、术后1d及7d肝功能、血脂、免疫功能及血清一氧化氮（nitric oxide,NO)浓度变化,并在术中及术后7d取肝组织作病理学检查。结果 与对照组比较,实验组术后7d AST、TBIL已接近术前水平,ALB明显降低,TG仍比术前低,CD4^ 水平和NO浓度升高,肝脂肪变性程度下降。结论 补充精氨酸可增加NO浓度,减轻TPN时的肝脂肪沉积程度,降低血脂水平,加快术后肝酶活性恢复,改善和提高肝癌病人术后细胞免疫功能。     

盐酸多西环素胶囊治疗寻常痤疮的临床观察

目的：为评价盐酸多西环素胶囊治疗寻常痤疮的疗效及不良反应。方法：对60例寻常痤疮随机分为二组治疗,A组（30例）用盐酸多西环素胶囊治疗,B组（30例）用二甲胺四环素胶囊治疗, 治疗时间为21天,结果：治疗前后,A组和B组的炎性皮损数减少明显（P＜0．05）,盐酸多西环素胶囊组无明显不良反应,结论：盐酸多西环素胶囊治疗寻常痤疮有效,副作用少。