Coexistence of benign phyllodes tumor and invasive ductal carcinoma in distinct breasts: case report

This report describes a rare case of coexistence of benign phyllodes tumor, which measured 9 cm in the right breast, and invasive ductal carcinoma of 6 cm in the left breast, synchronous and independent, in a 66-year-old patient. The patient underwent a bilateral mastectomy due to the size of both lesions. Such situations are rare and usually refer to the occurrence of ductal or lobular carcinoma in situ when associated with malignant phyllodes tumors, and more often in ipsilateral breast or intra-lesional.     

Abnormal renal vasodilation to an amino acid infusion in congestive heart failure: normalization by enalapril

In congestive heart failure (CHF), the neurohormonal mechanisms that cause renal vasoconstriction, particularly those depending on the renin-angiotensin system, could interfere with renal vasodilating mechanisms. To elucidate this issue, we studied the kidney response to an amino acid infusion (known to cause renal vasodilation in healthy individuals) in eight patients with CHF. We found that the amino acid infusion (0.7 mL/kg/h of a 10% solution) elicited no renal hemodynamic response, in marked contrast to healthy subjects. We next hypothesized that the renin-angiotensin system (known to be activated in heart failure) has a role in the lack of response to the amino acid infusion. To test this hypothesis, we repeated the study after two 5-mg doses of enalapril, an inhibitor of the angiotensin-converting enzyme, administered 12 hours apart. After enalapril treatment, the amino acid infusion caused a 45% increase in mean renal blood flow (RBF) from 383 +/- 55 to 557 +/- 51 mL/min at the fifth hour (P < 0.05). This normalization of the renal response to the amino acid infusion occurred without changes in cardiac output or in systemic vascular resistance. Hence, the renal fraction of the cardiac output increased during the amino acid infusion. The recovery of the renal vascular response was not accompanied by an increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR; filtration fraction decreased), suggesting a predominant efferent arteriole dilatation. Our study shows that, in heart failure, the kidney loses its ability to increase RBF in response to an amino acid load. This lack of renal vascular response can be restored by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system and is unrelated to changes in systemic hemodynamics.     

超声造影在经皮注射凝血酶原治疗肢体假性动脉瘤中的应用

目的探讨超声造影引导下经皮凝血酶原注射治疗肢体假性动脉瘤(PSA)的安全性及有效性。方法 16例下肢动脉PSA患者行超声造影引导下经皮穿刺凝血酶原注射治疗,记录瘤腔大小、瘤颈宽度及长度、压迫次数、压迫时间及凝血酶原注射剂量。结果 16例PSA患者共20个瘤囊,其中13例为1个瘤囊,2例为2个瘤囊,1例为3个瘤囊。瘤腔最大径线值为41.1±11.9mm,瘤颈宽度1.9±0.5mm,瘤颈长度4.4±2.3mm,治疗压迫时间6.0±2.0min,压迫次数为1.2±0.4次,凝血酶原注射量411.5±118.8U。一次注射治疗成功率100%(16/16),无复发,无并发症发生。结论超声造影引导下经皮凝血酶原注射治疗远端肢体PSA安全有效,瘤腔大小及瘤颈长度为影响治疗的重要因素,再次及时压迫是提高治愈率的重要步骤。     

内固定加植骨融合治疗腰椎间盘突出合并腰椎失稳

目的：探讨腰椎间盘突出症合并腰椎不稳的手术疗效。方法：自2000年6月至2006年6月,采用后路减压、椎间盘摘除、植骨融合、椎弓根系统内固定手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症合并腰椎不稳46例,男33例,女13例;年龄37～68岁,平均48岁。病程4个月～20年,平均3.5年。单节段21例,双节段22例,3节段3例。结果：46例均获得随访,时间12～45个月,平均25个月。植骨全部愈合,临床症状明显改善,按疗效评定标准：优32例,良8例,可6例,优良率86.9%。结论：对明确诊断存在腰椎不稳合并腰椎间盘突出症的患者,施行髓核摘除、内固定加植骨融合、重建脊柱的稳定性,能获得满意的临床疗效。