Trop2对胃癌细胞耐药性的影响及机制研究

目的：探讨滋养层细胞表面抗原2（Trop2）对胃癌细胞化疗耐药的影响及机制。方法：应用慢病毒转染技术将Trop2 shRNA转染至BGC823细胞株,通过嘌呤霉素筛选出稳定转染质粒的细胞株;qRT?PCR、Western blot和免疫荧光方法检测质粒干扰效率;CCK?8细胞增殖试验和流式细胞术检测柔红霉素对BGC823细胞株增殖能力和细胞凋亡的影响;qRT?PCR、Western blot检测耐药相关基因TopoⅡα的mRNA和蛋白表达变化。结果：在稳定转染Trop2 shRNA质粒的shTrop2组中,Trop2 mRNA及蛋白表达水平较对照组（未处理）和shNC组（转染空载体质粒）明显下调;在相同药物浓度下,柔红霉素对shTrop2组的增殖抑制率明显高于对照组和shNC组,shTrop2组半数抑制浓度低于对照组和shNC组（P＜0.05）,shTrop2组中柔红霉素诱导的细胞凋亡率显著高于对照组和shNC组（P＜0.05）;稳定干扰Trop2表达后耐药相关基因TopoⅡα的表达显著上调。结论：Trop2通过抑制TopoⅡα的表达,可增强胃癌细胞对柔红霉素的耐药性。     

近十年艾灸治疗腹泻的临床应用规律分析＊

目的 探讨近十年临床研究文献中艾灸治疗腹泻的临床应用规律。方法 收集近十年国内外数据库中艾灸治疗腹泻的临床研究文献，运用Excel 2013、SPSS 25.0及Apriori算法对艾灸治疗腹泻的病种、治疗方法及穴位组方进行数据分析。结果 共纳入300篇文献进行统计分析，结果显示艾灸以治疗慢性腹泻为主；隔药灸和温和灸较为常用；艾灸与中药结合治疗较为多见。所采用的艾灸穴位处方共涉及65个穴位，频次超过10次的穴位有天枢、神阙、关元、足三里、中脘、大肠俞、气海、上巨虚、脾俞、肾俞、命门、胃俞、三阴交、下巨虚和阴陵泉，其中天枢、神阙、关元、足三里四穴频率超过100次。从分布来看，以任脉和腹部的穴位居多。聚类分析发现核心穴位有天枢、上巨虚-肾俞-大肠俞-三阴交、中脘-脾俞-神阙-关元、足三里-胃俞-命门、气海-下巨虚-阴陵泉。穴位关联性分析发现天枢-关元为最常用穴对。结论 艾灸治疗腹泻以慢性腹泻为主，治疗方法多采用温和灸、隔物灸，穴位以天枢、神阙、关元、足三里的使用频率最高，以天枢-关元合用较为多见。     

T helper cell dysregulation with hepatitis B and rebalance with glucocorticoids

AIM: To investigate T helper 17/regulatory T cell alterations in early severe hepatitis B and the effect of glucocorticoids.METHODS: The study included 20 patients in the early stage of severe hepatitis B (SHB) and 11 healthy controls. All patients had elevated T helper 17 (Th17) levels, decreased regulatory T (Treg) cell levels, and significant Th17/Treg ratios.RESULTS: After glucocorticoid treatment, 16 patients showed improvement with significant decreases in Th17 levels, increases in Treg, and rebalanced Th17/Treg ratios. The four patients who showed no improvement had increases in both Th17 and Treg levels and an even higher Th17/Treg ratio than before.CONCLUSION: Glucocorticoid treatment can rectify Th17/Treg dysregulation in patients with SHB.     

ER、Ki-67与Nestin在儿童未成熟畸胎瘤组织中的表达及临床意义

目的研究雌激素受体（estrogen receptor,ER）、Ki-67与巢蛋白（Nestin）在儿童未成熟畸胎瘤组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法制作35例不同级别儿童畸胎瘤手术病理标本组织芯片,采用免疫组化二步法测定畸胎瘤组织中ER、Ki-67与Nestin的表达水平。患儿男21例,女14例。病理分级未成熟畸胎瘤1级11例,2级13例,3级11例。选取成熟畸胎瘤15例作为对照。所有患儿手术前、后均未进行化疗和放疗。随访内容为肿瘤有无复发、转移,有无大小便失禁、尿潴留等。结果ER、Ki-67、Nestin在不同病理分级畸胎瘤神经上皮组织中随分级升高表达增强,比较差别有统计学意义,在各病理分级儿童畸胎瘤内、中、外胚层（除了神经上皮）组织中表达差异均无统计学意义。随访到29例,2例复发,其余健在,无复发、转移。结论在儿童未成熟畸胎瘤神经上皮组织中,ER、Ki-67、Nestin的表达与病理分级有关,可作为预后判断的参考指标。未成熟畸胎瘤术后化疗指征有待进一步探讨。     

水母蜇伤的皮肤毒性与免疫反应研究进展

水母蜇伤是最常见的海洋生物伤之一.水母毒性强,蜇伤后危害大,给患者带来巨大痛苦.皮肤症状是患者蜇伤早期最显著的表现,皮损从红斑、丘疹、风团到水疱、溃疡、坏死,轻重各不相同.免疫系统参与其中会导致持续性、复发性、瘙痒性皮炎,甚至会引发严重的血管性水肿和过敏性休克.由于水母毒素成分多样,致病机制复杂,目前有关水母蜇伤的皮肤...     

Molecular physiology of bestrophins: multifunctional membrane proteins linked to best disease and other retinopathies

This article reviews the current state of knowledge about the bestrophins, a newly identified family of proteins that can function both as Cl(-) channels and as regulators of voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels. The founding member, human bestrophin-1 (hBest1), was identified as the gene responsible for a dominantly inherited, juvenile-onset form of macular degeneration called Best vitelliform macular dystrophy. Mutations in hBest1 have also been associated with a small fraction of adult-onset macular dystrophies. It is proposed that dysfunction of bestrophin results in abnormal fluid and ion transport by the retinal pigment epithelium, resulting in a weakened interface between the retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors. There is compelling evidence that bestrophins are Cl(-) channels, but bestrophins remain enigmatic because it is not clear that the Cl(-) channel function can explain Best disease. In addition to functioning as a Cl(-) channel, hBest1 also is able to regulate voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels. Some bestrophins are activated by increases in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration, but whether bestrophins are the molecular counterpart of Ca(2+)-activated Cl(-) channels remains in doubt. Bestrophins are also regulated by cell volume and may be a member of the volume-regulated anion channel family.     

Fe2+ decreases the taurine-induced Cl- current in acutely dissociated rat hippocampal neurons

The effects of ferrous ions (Fe²⁺) on taurine-induced Cl⁻ current (I_tau) recorded from single neurons, which was freshly isolated from the rat hippocampal CA1 area, were studied with conventional whole-cell recording under voltage-clamp conditions. Using standard pharmacological approaches, we found that the currents gated by concentrations of taurine (≤10 mM), which existed in about 90% of the hippocampal neurons tested, were predominantly mediated by strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors. When co-applied with taurine, Fe²⁺ effectively depressed I_tau in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC₅₀ of 3.76 mM and Hill coefficient of 1.01, while preincubation with 1 mM Fe²⁺ alone did not affect the following membrane currents elicited by taurine. The result suggests that resting taurine-gated channels are insensitive to Fe²⁺. Since internal cell dialysis with 3 mM Fe²⁺ failed to modify I_tau, it was deduced that the site of action of Fe²⁺ is extracellular. Furthermore, the Lineweaver–Burke double reciprocal plot of normalized response to taurine against the concentration of taurine illustrated that the depression of I_tau was noncompetitive, therefore Fe²⁺ may act on the glycine receptor–chloride ionophore complex at a site distinct from where taurine binds. Various concentrations of Fe²⁺ ranging from 0.1 to 20 mM depressed I_tau and this extracellular depression was independent of membrane voltage. These results indicate that Fe²⁺ decreases I_tau in acutely dissociated rat hippocampal neurons and the inhibition of glycine receptors by Fe²⁺ might be one possible approach through which Fe²⁺ induces seizures.     

Current situation and development about quantitative study of needling techniques

对针刺手法量化研究的文献进行了整理，认为现代科学技术在针刺手法量化研究中起了重要作用，提出在目前情况下，针刺手法量化研究的方法、途径，展望了其发展前景，强调针刺手法量化研究在针灸教学、临床和科研过程中具有重要意义。     

High expression of TROP2 is correlated with poor prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma

Human trophoblastic cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is a cell surface glycoprotein that exhibits high expression in various carcinomas but low or no expression in normal tissues. High TROP2 expression plays an important role in promoting tumor development and aggressiveness, which is correlated with reduced patient survival. However, there are few studies regarding TROP2 in relation to both oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral potentially malignant lesions. The expression of TROP2 protein and mRNA was investigated in OSCC tissues, oral potentially malignant lesion tissues, and normal oral tissues using immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The association between TROP2 expression and clinicopathological characteristics of OSCC was also analyzed, and the prognostic value of TROP2 was evaluated. The expression of TROP2 protein and mRNA were both higher in OSCC tissues than in oral potentially malignant lesion tissues or normal oral tissues. Positive TROP2 expression was related to differentiation, lymph node metastases, TNM stage, perineural infiltration, and vascular invasion. Poor overall survival was associated with high TROP2 expression and other factors associated with poor overall survival including poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, vascular invasion, and perineural invasion in univariate analyses. TROP2 expression as well as TNM stage and vascular invasion were independent prognostic factors associated with the overall survival of OSCC patients in multivariate analyses. In summary, High TROP2 expression is associated with poor overall survival and serves as an independent prognostic factor in OSCC. The results suggest that TROP2 expression could be an effective prognostic biomarker for OSCC.