急性苯中毒对小鼠末梢血象和骨髓细胞构成的影响

取３２只２～３个月的ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小白鼠，随机分为４组，每组８只，第１组为对照组，其余３个组为实验组，实验组小白鼠左腿皮下注射苯０．３ｍｌ（１５ｍｌ／ｋｇ体重）．注射后分别于２４ｈ，４８ｈ，７２ｈ脱颈处死。观察中毒前、后末梢血象、骨髓细胞、骨髓细胞构成的变化。结果表明，苯中毒时骨髓变化先于末梢血象的变化，骨髓的病变为造血细胞变性、坏死，大量毛细血管扩张、充血，骨髓细胞构成降低，而且骨髓细胞构成中细胞成分降低早于外周血粒细胞减少。     

筋膜皮瓣治疗小腿顽固溃疡9例报告

本文报道应用小腿后侧筋膜皮瓣治疗9例胫前区顽固性溃疡的经验,一期治愈者8例,二次皮瓣转移治愈者1例。随诊6个月至2年,未见溃疡复发。     

1990年全国疾病监测点潜在寿命损失年分析

研究通过对我国１９９０年疾病监测点潜在寿命损失年（Ｙｅａｒｓｏｆｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌｌｉｆｃｌｏｓｔ，ＹＰＬＬ）分析，得出：在我国对１～６５岁的劳动力人口的健康危害最严重的七种死因为：意外死亡、肿瘤、呼吸系疾病、感染性疾病、心血管疾病、消化系疾病和脑血管疾病。男女之间、城乡之间均有明显差别。动态变化分析可见心、脑血管疾病的危害近年来有所减少，而呼吸系疾病的危害却大大增加。提示我们应当针对上述七种主要死因采取多方面预防保健措施，同时注意不同性别、不同地区人群各有侧重点，以期更有效地保护劳动力。     

Reduced 293T cell susceptibility to acrolein due to aldose reductase-like-1 protein expression.

Acrolein is a highly reactive alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde produced endogenously during lipid peroxidation and naturally distributed pervasively in living environments, posing serious threats to human health if not properly metabolized. In this study, we report aldose reductase-like-1 (ARL-1) as a novel enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of acrolein and protects cells from their toxicity. Using purified ARL-1 protein, we determined its enzymatic activity in response to acrolein and defined its steady-state kinetics with K(m) and V(max) at 0.110 +/- 0.012 mM and 3122.0 +/- 64.7 nmol/mg protein/min, respectively. By introducing a functional Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP)/ARL-1 fusion protein into 293T cells, we demonstrated that plating efficiency in liquid culture and focus formation in soft agar increased by more than 60% (p < 0.05), compared to the vector control cells. More significantly, at a low dose of 5 microM acrolein, EGFP/ARL-1 expression enhanced both plating efficiency and focus formation by more than threefold, and the foci (in soft agar) of 293T cells expressing EGFP/ARL-1 were significantly larger than those of the vector control cells. At high concentrations of acrolein (25 and 50 microM), EGFP/ARL-1 protein prevented oncotic death of 293T cells induced by acrolein. In summary, our data demonstrated for the first time that the ARL-1 protein protects 293T cells from acrolein toxicity. Due to the high toxicity and wide distribution of acrolein, this finding is important to the understanding of its detoxification mechanisms.     

解毒消肿散在外科中的临床应用

笔者从事临床医疗工作20余年,自拟解毒消肿散治疗因阳热毒邪蕴蒸肌肤所致的多种外科疾患,屡获捷效,现报道如下。方药组成与使用方法蒲公英30g,紫花地丁30g,玄明粉50g,冰片6g,共研细末调和均匀,贮瓶密封备用。使用时,视肿疡面积大小,取适量药粉,用食醋调成糊状,摊敷在病变部位,厚约0.5~0.8cm,用塑料薄膜覆盖,外用胶布固定。药物干燥时,可再用食醋浸湿。每日换药2~3次。本方具有清热解毒、散瘀消肿、消炎止痛的作用。主治痈、疽、疔、疖、乳痈、痄腮、毒虫咬伤、痔瘘、肛裂、无名肿毒等证,凡红肿热痛属阳证、热证、实证者均可应用,阴证、寒证…     

磁共振成像在乳腺癌中的应用：究竟是进了一步还是退了两步？

目前，人们正对乳腺磁共振成像（magnetic resonance imaging，MRI）的应用进行研究，表现在两个不同方面：一是将MRI列为乳腺癌高危妇女（例如BRCA1和BRCA2基因发生突变者）的筛查方法；二是对乳腺癌确诊或可疑患者行乳腺X线的同时辅以MRI以决定是否选用局部疗法。这两种用途的依据迥然不同。有预置性突变（predisposition mutations）的妇女乳腺癌发病年龄通常较低，此时由于乳腺组织较为致密，因而乳腺X线筛查的敏感性有所减低。     

腰椎间盘突出症人工椎间盘置换手术及效果

目的 :观察采用SBCharit啨人工椎间盘置换手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床效果?椒?:左下腹部腹直肌旁切口 ,切断腹直肌鞘及后层 ,钝性分离腹主动脉和静脉 ,并游离到右边用棉垫加以保护。然后作一“H”型切口切开纤维环 ,用刮匙和咬骨钳清除椎间盘组织特别是髓核。将SBCharit啨人工椎间盘植入?峁?:8例中有 7例 (87.5 % )的临床效果为相当好 ,1个病人 (12 .5 % )为一般 ,有背疼或腿部症状需偶尔服药。椎体活动范围平均为 9°。没有发现有假体松动、下沉入椎体。结论 :若适应证选择得当 ,将获得满意效果。     

变形链球菌表面蛋白和葡糖基转移酶基因疫苗对唾液变形链球菌和牙菌斑的影响

目的　了解变形链球菌表面蛋白和葡糖基转移酶基因疫苗单独及联合免疫对定菌鼠唾液变链菌和牙面菌斑的影响。方法　 2 8d龄 Wistar大鼠 3 6只 ,随机分为 pc DNA3 - pac组、pc DNA3 - gtf B组、pc DNA3 - pac联合pc DNA 3 - gtf B组、变形链球菌灭活全菌组、pc DNA3空载体组和 PBS液组 ,进行三次双侧颌下腺腺周注射免疫 ,建立定菌鼠模型 ,作诱龋实验 3个月。唾液变链菌计数和菌斑计分。结果　唾液变链菌菌落计数和牙面菌斑计分在 pc D-NA3与 PBS组最高 ,其次为单基因疫苗免疫组 ,联合基因疫苗和灭活全菌细胞免疫组最低 ,各组间有显著性差异 ( P<0 .0 5 )。结论　 pc DNA3 - gtf B和 pc DNA3 - pac具有明显的免疫抑菌作用 ,联合基因疫苗免疫优于单基因疫苗     

流行性出血热患者骨髓细胞超微结构的研究

8例流行性出血热患者骨髓细胞的超微结构研究结果发现骨髓细胞出现变性、空泡、粗面内质网及高尔基体扩张。并在胞浆中发现颗粒-丝状病毒包涵体及直径为100nm的病毒颗粒。同时胶体金免疫电镜发现骨髓细胞EHF抗原阳性,说明骨髓细胞是其繁殖、复制的场所。     

An animal model of chronic tympanic membrane perforation.

Previous investigations into the healing and reconstruction of tympanic membrane (TM) perforations have involved animal models with acute TM perforations. A problem with the acute TM perforation model is that most acute TM perforations will heal spontaneously, both in animals and human beings. A second inadequacy of acute perforation models is that they are not analogous to the salient problem in human beings: long-standing TM perforation. The ideal animal model must have a TM perforation that is permanent, well-epithelialized, and free from infection. The perforation must also be subtotal to preserve a rim of membrane for experimental manipulations. In the chinchilla, we have identified a hardy animal with a short, wide ear canal and relatively large tympanic membranes. Thermal myringectomy, followed by medial infolding of TM microflaps, has resulted in permanent, subtotal chronic TM perforations in the chinchilla animal model. Of the 19 chinchillas (38 TMs) perforated, chronic subtotal perforations were created in 32 ears, 6 to 8 weeks after the initial procedure (84% success). Persistent infection or TM regeneration despite reperforation was recorded in 6 ears (16%) failure). This model is currently being used to assess various biomembrane scaffolds impregnated with growth-promoting substances in the regeneration of a physiologically sound TM, initially in our animal model and then in human beings. We envision the development of a biomembrane disc impregnated with biorecombinant growth factors that may provide a simple office technique for the repair of chronic, non-infected TM perforations.