Effect of intense pulsed light using acne filter on eyelid margin telangiectasia in moderate-to-severe meibomian gland dysfunction

Lasers in Medical Science - Evaluate the improvement in clinical signs and symptoms in patients with moderate-to-severe meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) treated with intense pulsed light (IPL)...     

Novel brd4 inhibitors with a unique scaffold exhibit antitumor effects

Since bromodomain containing 4 (brd4) has been considered as a prominent cancer target, numerous attempts have been made to develop potent brd4 bromodomain inhibitors. The present study provided a novel chemical scaffold which inhibited brd4 activity. Mid-throughput screening against brd4 bromodomain was performed using alpha-screen and homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence assays. Furthermore, cell cytotoxicity and xenograft assays were performed to examine if the compound was effective both in vitro and in vivo. As a result, it was revealed that compounds having naphthalene-1,4-dione scaffold inhibited the binding of bromodomain to acetylated histone. The compounds with naphthalene-1,4-dione had cytotoxic effects against the Ty82 cell line, a NUT midline carcinoma cell line, whose proliferation is dependent on brd4 activity. A10, one of the compounds with naphthalene-1,4-dione scaffold, also exhibited tumor growth inhibition effects in the xenograft assay. In addition, the compounds exhibited cytotoxic effects against gastric cancer cell lines which were resistant to I-BET-762, a BET bromodomain inhibitor. In conclusion, the novel scaffold to suppress brd4 activity was effective against cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo.     

Delirium incidence,risk factors,and treatments in older adults receiving chemotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

IntroductionOlder adults with cancer are at increased risk of delirium due to age, comorbidities, medications, cognitive impairment, and possibly cancer treatments. However, there is scant information on the risks of delirium with chemotherapy and approaches to prevent or treat it. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize available evidence.Materials and MethodsWe systematically searched peer-reviewed journal articles in English, French, German, and Dutch from five databases from 1990 to May 2019 to identify studies examining delirium in adult patients receiving chemotherapy. We also attempted to identify delirium risk prediction models and prevention or treatment trials. All reviews and data extraction were performed by two independent reviewers. Summary estimates were derived from random effects models.ResultsA total of 23,389 titles and abstracts were screened, and 1272 full-text articles were reviewed. Nineteen articles reported on delirium using an acceptable diagnostic standard. Sample sizes varied from 7 to 324. The incidence of delirium ranged from 0 to 51% (weighted mean 9%, 95% confidence interval 5–16%). In a sensitivity analysis including 122 studies that used terminology suggestive of delirium but did not meet our inclusion criteria, the weighted incidence of delirium was 10% (95% confidence interval 8–12%). Age was not consistently associated with increased delirium risk. No intervention studies to prevent or treat delirium were identified.ConclusionsDelirium may occur in 1 in 11 older adults receiving chemotherapy; however, there were substantial limitations in reported studies. This systemic review highlights key gaps in knowledge, particularly regarding risk factors, prevention, and treatments.