Influence of subsidence after stand-alone anterior cervical discectomy and fusion in patients with degenerative cervical disease: A long-term follow-up study

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of subsidence in patients who performed stand-alone anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) by analyzing the long-term clinical and radiological outcomes. This retrospective study enrolled 53 patients with 79 segments with degenerative cervical disease treated with stand-alone ACDF with ≥5 years of follow-up. Segmental angle (SA), cervical sagittal alignment (CSA), subsidence, and fusion were analyzed. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores and neck disability index (NDI) were also evaluated. Subsidence occurred in 24 (45.2%) patients and 38 segments (48.1%) at the last follow-up. The mean VAS score and NDI had improved in both the subsidence and non- subsidence groups. The mean SA at the last follow-up had increased to 1.3° ± 8.5° in the subsidence group and to 1.5° ± 5.2° in the non-subsidence group compared with the post-operative SA (P < .001). The overall mean CSA at the last follow-up increased over time in both the groups compared with the post-operative CSA (P = .003). The fusion rate at 1 year after surgery was 86.8% and 82.9% in the subsidence and non-subsidence groups, respectively. However, the differences in the SA, CSA, and fusion rates between the groups were not statistically significant (P = .117, .98, and .682, respectively). Subsidence after stand-alone ACDF occurs to a certain capacity; however, it does not appear to significantly influence the radiological and clinical outcomes if foramen decompression is adequately and sufficiently provided in a long-term follow-up study. In contrast, subsidence appears to positively affect the fusion rate in the short-term follow-up.     

Radial nerve entrapment after fracture of the supracondylar humerus: a rare case of a 6-year-old

Supracondylar fracture of the humerus is one of the most common fractures seen in children, and posteromedial displacement of the distal fragment in extension-type supracondylar humerus fractures can cause injury to the radial nerve. A 6-year old girl who presented with symptoms of radial nerve injury after a supracondylar fracture of the right humerus with complete posteromedial displacement of the distal fragment (Gartland type III) underwent surgery where closed reduction and percutaneous pinning was performed. The patient was routinely followed up and at 6 months postoperatively no neurological improvement was seen. Exploratory surgery revealed complete discontinuation of the radial nerve at the fracture site and entrapment of the nerve stumps in healed bone callus. A gap of 2 cm was observed between nerve stumps, and sural nerve cable grafting was performed with good results. If neurological symptoms do not improve over time, appropriate differential diagnosis and, if necessary, exploratory surgery should be considered. Despite limited reports and their conflicting outcomes, sural nerve cable grafting could be a useful option to bridge the gap of discontinued nerve injury.Level of Evidence: Level IV, Case Report     

Musculoskeletal Pain and the Prevalence of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Breast Cancer Patients During Cancer Treatment: A Retrospective Study

PurposeBreast cancer patients often develop musculoskeletal pain, resembling that experienced by patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), during cancer treatment. This study aimed to investigate the causes of musculoskeletal pain, including RA, among breast cancer patients.MethodsThis retrospective study included breast cancer patients experiencing new-onset arthralgia during cancer treatment along with age- and sex-matched controls without breast cancer, who were evaluated at the Rheumatologic clinic between 2004 and 2017. The causes of musculoskeletal pain were compared between breast cancer patients and controls. The effects of cancer treatment on arthralgia and factors associated with RA were examined.ResultsA total of 146 breast cancer patients and 102 controls were included in the final analysis. The most common cause of arthralgia during breast cancer treatment was osteoarthritis (OA, 61.0%), followed by enthesopathy/tendinopathy (28.1%), which included tendinitis, adhesive capsulitis, and carpal tunnel syndrome. Overall, 50.0% of 72 breast cancer patients receiving aromatase inhibitors (AIs) satisfied the criteria of AI-induced musculoskeletal symptoms (AIMSS). The mean symptom duration (i.e., the time between pain onset and evaluation by a rheumatologist) was shorter in breast cancer patients than in controls (7.0 ± 12.1 vs. 14.8 ± 24.9 months, respectively; p = 0.004). RA was diagnosed in 3 (2.1%) breast cancer patients and 3 (2.9%) controls. All breast cancer patients with RA had an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, 66.7 ± 25.0 mm/h), whereas those without RA had a normal ESR (20.4 ± 21.5 mm/h). Patients with breast cancer required more analgesics than the controls.ConclusionOA and enthesopathy/tendinopathy are the most common causes of arthralgia in breast cancer patients, which may concurrently manifest as AIMSS. Patients with breast cancer did not have a higher prevalence of RA than those without breast cancer.     

Heat-Treated Meat Origin Tracing and Authenticity through a Practical Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Approach

Meat adulteration have become a global issue, which has increasingly raised concerns due to not only economic losses and religious issues, but also public safety and its negative effects on human health. Using optimal primers for seven target species, a multiplex PCR method was developed for the molecular authentication of camel, cattle, dog, pig, chicken, sheep and duck in one tube reaction. Species-specific amplification from the premixed total DNA of seven species was corroborated by DNA sequencing. The limit of detection (LOD) is as low as 0.025 ng DNA for the simultaneous identification of seven species in both raw and heat-processed meat or target meat: as little as 0.1% (w/w) of the total meat weight. This method is strongly reproducible even while exposed to intensively heat-processed meat and meat mixtures, which renders it able to trace meat origins in real-world foodstuffs based on the authenticity assessment of commercial meat samples. Therefore, this method is a powerful tool for the inspection of meat adulterants and has broad application prospects.     

急危重症孕产妇临床抢救中应用护理管理模式的效果

目的:探讨急危重症孕产妇临床抢救中应用护理管理模式的效果.方法:回顾分析本院在2017年11月至2019年10月妇产科收治的60例急危重症孕产妇患者为研究标准,按随机数字表法原则分为急危组和参照组各30例,参照组采用常规护理,急危组实施临床抢救中应用护理管理模式,观察分析两组患者并发症的发生率、疗效及患者的满意度,并进...     

探讨引导骨再生技术在即刻种植术中的应用

传统的种植术要求种植体与骨组织之间必须有紧密的接触,这就要求拔牙创必须经过6～12个月的愈合期,充分钙化后才能作为种植床,结果延长了种植治疗疗程,牙槽骨发生了吸收。研究表明,拔牙后2年内牙槽嵴骨质吸收的70％～80％是头3个月发生的,而拔牙后即刻种植,能有效地保持牙槽嵴原有的高度和宽度,防止了牙槽骨的吸收,     

Pre-attack and pre-episode symptoms in cluster headache: a multicenter cross-sectional study of 327 Chinese patients

BackgroundThere have been a few studies regarding the pre-attack symptoms (PAS) and pre-episode symptoms (PES) of cluster headache (CH), but none have been conducted in the Chinese population. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence and features of PAS and PES in Chinese patients, as well as to investigate their relationships with pertinent factors.MethodsThe study included patients who visited a tertiary headache center and nine other headache clinics between January 2019 and September 2021. A questionnaire was used to collect general data and information about PAS and PES.ResultsAmong the 327 patients who met the CH criteria (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition), 269 (82.3%) patients experienced at least one PAS. The most common PAS were head and facial discomfort (74.4%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis depicted that the number of triggers (OR = 1.798, p = 0.001), and smoking history (OR = 2.067, p = 0.026) were correlated with increased odds of PAS. In total, 68 (20.8%) patients had PES. The most common symptoms were head and facial discomfort (23, 33.8%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the number of triggers were associated with increased odds of PES (OR = 1.372, p = 0.005).ConclusionsPAS are quite common in CH patients, demonstrating that CH attacks are not comprised of a pain phase alone; investigations of PAS and PES could help researchers better understand the pathophysiology of CH.     

艾司氯胺酮麻醉诱导用于腰椎手术的临床体会

目的　观察艾司氯胺酮麻醉诱导对血流动力学、腰椎手术术后拔管期的影响,探讨艾司氯胺酮麻醉诱导的临床效果。方法　选择解放军第970医院择期全身麻醉下行腰椎手术的患者60例,美国麻醉医师协会（American Society of Anesthesiologists,ASA）分级标准Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,采用随机数字法分为艾司氯胺酮组（E组）和芬太尼组（F组）,各30例。E组男16例,女14例,年龄（58.0±7.5）岁;F组男18例,女12例,年龄（57.4±7.2）岁。麻醉诱导时,所有患者均静脉注射依托咪酯0.3 mg/kg、苯磺酸顺阿曲库铵0.3 mg/kg,E组伍用艾司氯胺酮0.5 mg/kg,F组伍用芬太尼5 μg/kg行麻醉诱导气管插管。观察并记录两组患者麻醉诱导前（T0）、诱导后气管插管前即刻（T1）、插管完成后1 min（T2）、5 min（T3）心率（heart rate,HR）和平均动脉压（mean arterial pressure,MAP）等血流动力学变化、术后拔管时间、术后准确活动双下肢时间及不良反应情况。采用单因素方差分析、独立样本t检验和χ²检验。结果　两组患者T0时HR、MAP比较,差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）;两组患者T1时MAP较T0时均显著降低［E组（90.5±7.9）mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa）比（99.6±8.2）mmHg、F组（89.0±9.8）mmHg比（97.5±5.7）mmHg,均P<0.05］;气管插管后,E组患者MAP快速回升,T2［（101.4±10.9）mmHg］、T3［（99.5±7.3）mmHg］时点同T0时比较,差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）;F组患者T2［（91.5±6.9）mmHg］、T3［（92.1±7.9）mmHg］时同T0时比较仍显著降低,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。麻醉诱导后,F组患者HR波动较为明显,T1时［（61.4±7.5）次/min］较T0时［（67.7±10.7）次/min］显著降低,插管后T3时［（73.1±10.1）次/min］较T0时显著升高,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;E组患者各时点HR均无显著变化（均P>0.05）。E组患者术后拔管时间及拔管后准确活动双下肢时间均显著低于F组［（10.3±0.8）min比（13.5±1.5）min、（7.9±2.3）min比（9.1±2.8）min］,差异有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。E组患者苏醒期躁动不良反应发生率显著低于F组［3.33%（1/30）比20.00%（6/30）］,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论　艾司氯胺酮麻醉诱导有利于患者血流动力学稳定及术后认知功能恢复,降低苏醒期躁动等不良反应发生率。