自身免疫性胰腺炎的CT表现特征(附4例分析)

目的探讨自身免疫性胰腺炎(AIP)的CT表现特征。方法收集4例经临床、实验室检查和类固醇激素治疗有效的AIP患者的CT资料。CT检查包括平扫、双期(动脉期和门静脉期)增强扫描,在CT图像上观察胰腺的形态、大小、质地、强化程度、胰管、胰腺边缘、胰周及腹膜后各间隙等情况并分析AIP的CT表现特征。结果3例AIP表现为胰腺弥漫性肿大,1例为胰头的局限性肿大;病变区域胰腺实质在动脉期强化减弱但出现明显的延时强化;2例在胰腺病变区周围环绕包膜样结构;2例伴胆总管胰头段狭窄,1例ERCP显示胰管不规则狭窄;经类固醇激素治疗后,CT复查显示胰腺情况明显好转。结论AIP的CT表现具有一定的特征性。     

Possible role of hydrogen sulfide on the preservation of donor rat hearts

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to observe the preservative effect of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on donor rat hearts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The hearts of 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were perfused on a Langendorff perfusion column for 30 minutes. We calculated and recorded the left ventricular-developed pressure (LVDP), and positive and negative derivatives of left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP; +dP/dt and -dP/dt). Hearts were then arrested and stored for 6 hours at 4 degrees C: group 1, Krebs-Henseleit (KH) solution; group 2, KH solution with 1 micromol/L NaHS; group 3, KH solution with 1 micromol/L NaHS and 10 micromol/L glibenclamide; group 4, St. Thomas II solution. Hearts were transferred back to the Langendorff column. After stabilizing for 30 minutes, LV performance was assessed as before. The donor hearts were kept for pathological study including myocardial water ratio, ATP content, and myocyte apoptosis index. RESULTS: The recovery rates of +dp/dtmax, -dp/dtmax, and LVDP of groups 2 and 4 were much better than those of groups 1 and 3. The hearts contracted immediately after reperfusion in group 4. Ventricular fibrillation was seen before contraction in the other 3 groups, with the longest duration in group. No significant difference in myocardial water ratio was found. The ATP content was the highest in group 2. Apoptosis was observed in the 4 groups with the lowest apoptosis index in group 2. CONCLUSIONS: H2S has a protective effect on rat donor hearts at the concentration of 1 micromol/L. The protective effect is better than that of St. Thomas II solution. The protective effect of H2S can be blocked by glibenclamide.     

STMN-1 Gene: A Predictor of Survival in Stage IIA Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma After Ivor-Lewis Esophagectomy?

Background

Prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is stage-specific; however, some patients with the same stage have different survival outcomes. Clinically, it is significant to explore the biological marker to predict patient’s outcome. We investigated the association between the stathmin1 gene (STMN-1) expression and the prognosis of patients who underwent Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy.

Methods

A total of 162 patients who suffered from midthoracic stage IIA ESCC and completely resected with Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy were studied for STMN-1 expression by qRT-PCR in fresh-frozen tissue and validated by immunohistochemistry in matched formalin fixed-paraffin embedded tissue samples. STMN-1 level was evaluated as a prognostic factor in ESCC. SPSS 21.0 software was used to analyze the relationship between STMN-1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics and survival probability.

Results

The overall 3- and 5-year survival was 72.20 and 42.00 % respectively. Ninety-four patients (58.02 %) experienced disease recurrence with a disease-free interval of 21.50 ± 1.20 months. qRT-PCR result showed that STMN-1 mRNA level in patients who were alive at the end of follow-up was lower compared with patients who died during the follow-up period (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemical results showed that 94 patients had STMN-1 protein overexpression (58.02 %), patient with STMN-1 overexpression had worse survival compared with patients who had low STMN-1 expression (p = 0.00). Cox regression analysis revealed that STMN-1 protein expression and T classification are independent prognostic factors.

Conclusions

Even localized ESCC are potential to relapse with poor prognosis. This study demonstrates that STMN-1 level is an independent prognostic factor after Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy. In addition, assessment of STMN-1 level could improve stratification of stage IIA ESCC patients.     

微创单纯抽吸术与皮下组织剥离剪除术治疗腋臭的临床效果对比

目的 通过对腋毛区两种术式治疗腋臭的疗效对比,探索一种更好地治疗腋臭的手术方法.方法 对72例腋臭患者随机分为两组,36例行微切口单纯抽吸术（A组）,另36例经腋皱襞切开行皮下组织剥离剪除术（B组）,对两组的手术时间、疗效、并发症、瘢痕、恢复时间等进行总结对比分析.结果 经6～12个月随访,两组患者腋臭治疗总有效率100％.A组在手术时间、术后并发症、恢复时间、瘢痕、腋毛存活等方面明显优于B组,两组差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 微创单纯抽吸术治疗腋臭疗效可靠,安全便捷,瘢痕更小而隐匿,并发症少,恢复快,更易被患者接受.     

胰岛素瘤的诊断与治疗

目的 总结胰岛素瘤的临床特点和诊治经验,并讨论其诊治方法.方法 回顾性分析了1997年1月至2012年1月间收治的32例胰岛素瘤的临床表现和辅助检查等特点,并结合文献讨论胰岛素瘤诊治的有关问题.结果 32例患者均有Whipple三联征,术前B超、CT、数字减影血管造影（DSA）定性诊断的准确率分别为28.1％ （9/32）、64.0％ （16/25）、90.0％ （9/10）,术中B超为100％ （9/9）.肿瘤局部摘除术20例,胰体尾切除术7例（加做脾切除3例）,胰尾切除术4例,原发性肝癌并胰腺部分切除术1例.结论 准确的术前定位及定性检查有助于术中选择合理的手术方式,术中超声是胰岛素瘤最有效的定位诊断方法.胰岛素瘤一经确诊,须尽快手术治疗.行肿瘤摘除术是治疗良性胰岛素瘤的最佳方式,能够降低术后并发症发生率.     

Effects of WNK3 kinase on regulation of large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels and its mechanisms

Objective To investigate the effects of WNK3 kinase on the regulation of large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (Maxi K channels) on African green monkey kidney fibroblast-like cells (Cos-7 cells) and its mechanisms. Methods (1) Cos-7 cells were transfected with 0, 0.6, 1.2, 1.8 μg WNK3 plasmid+0.5 μg Maxi K plasmid. The total protein expression of Maxi K channel and the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) extracellular regulated kinase-1 and-2 (ERK1/2) were detected by Western blotting. (2) Cos-7 cells were divided into the control group (2.5 μg Maxi K plasmid) and the experimental group (2.5 μg WNK3 plasmid+2.5 μg Maxi K plasmid). Cell surface biotinylation was used to investigate the cell surface protein expression of Maxi K channel in Cos-7 cells. Immunoprecipitation and Western blotting were used to detect the ubiquitination of Maxi K channel protein. (3) WNK3 kinase was knocked down by WNK3 siRNA. The lysosomal degradation pathway was blocked by the proton pump inhibitor (Baf-A1). Cos-7 cells were divided into Maxi K+negative control siRNA group, Maxi K+WNK3 siRNA group and Maxi K+WNK3 siRNA+Baf-A1 group. The protein expression of Maxi K channel protein was detected by Western blotting. Results (1) Compared with those in 0 μg WNK3 plasmid groups, in 0.6, 1.2, 1.8 μg WNK3 plasmid groups the total protein expression of the Maxi K channel increased and the phosphorylation level of MAPK ERK1/2 reduced on a dose-dependent manner (all P＜0.01). (2) Compared with those in the control group, the total protein expression and cell surface membrane protein expression of the Maxi K channel increased in the experimental group (P＜0.01), while the ubiquitination of the Maxi K channel protein reduced (P＜0.01). (3) Compared with the Maxi K+negative control siRNA group, the expression of Maxi K protein reduced in the Maxi K+WNK3 siRNA group (P＜0.01), but did not change in the Maxi K+WNK3 siRNA+Baf-A1 group (P＞0.05). The expression of Maxi K protein in Maxi K+WNK3 siRNA+Baf-A1 group was higher than that in Maxi K+WNK3 siRNA group (P＜0.01). Conclusions WNK3 kinase inhibits the lysosomal degradation pathway of Maxi K channel protein by reducing the ubiquitination of Maxi K channel, and promotes the expression of Maxi K channel protein in cells and on cell membrane. These effects may be achieved by suppressing MAPK ERK1/2 signal transduction pathway.     

平台髌骨角测量膝关节表面置换术髌骨高度的变化

目的研究平台髌骨角对于膝关节表面置换手术前后髌骨高度的准确性、可重现性,特点及不足,以及手术影响髌骨高度的变化因素。 方法选取吉林大学中日联谊医院骨科2015年1月到2016年1月资料完整的100例全膝关节置换术的患者作为研究样本,所有患者均为骨关节炎和类风湿性关节炎的病人,选取患者术前术后的膝关节侧位片,膝关节屈曲角度为30°。测量所选患者的术前术后膝关节侧位片平台髌骨角的。运用广泛使用的3种测定髌骨高度方法进行54例全膝关节置换患者手术前后侧位片的测量。3种方法为改良Black-burne-Peel指数,改良Caton-Desehamps指数和改良Insall-Salvati指数。由2名观察者使用标准的方法,独立的方式进行了524个数据的测量。对这2名观察者测量的数据进行组内相关系数(ICC)和95%可信区间的统计,对改良Black-burne-Peel指数,改良Caton-Desehamps指数、改良Insall-Salvati指数和平台髌骨角的术前术后数据进行配对t检验。 结果改良Insall-Salvati指数(术前ICC＝0.75;术后ICC＝0.87)、改良Black-burne-Peel指数(术前ICC＝0.65;术后ICC＝0.88)、改良Caton-Desehamps指数(术前ICC＝0.72;术后ICC＝0.88)和平台髌骨角(术前ICC＝0.86;术后ICC＝0.93)均具有更高的术后组内相关系数。其中,平台髌骨角的组内相关系数是最高的,患者术后的髌骨高度出现了降低。4种方法的术前术后数据比较显示,除了改良Insall-Salvati指数之外,改良Caton-Desehamps(t＝3.69)、改良Black-burne-Peel指数(t＝3.50)和平台髌骨角(t＝7.55)的测量均提示患者手术前后的髌骨高度差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。 结论平台髌骨角在反应膝关节表面置换术的髌骨高度变化具有准确性、可重现性、直观、简洁、快速的优点,可以有效地评估膝关节表面置换术后患者髌骨高度的变化。     

眼视光学专业“医教研防”一体化协同育人模式的创建与实践

为培养满足社会及行业对眼视光专业人才的需求,深度融合附属眼科医院、眼科与视光医学院、眼科研究所和青少年视力低下防治中心的人才、设施、设备和各类资源,创建“医教研防”一体化协同育人模式。以“知识、技能、素养”为一体的高素质应用型人才培养过程为主线,通过依据行业人才标准确立专业人才培养目标、以胜任力为导向优化专业课程体系、改革教学组织形式创建“2+2”教学、打造“双师型”师资队伍、建设“一体两翼”专业教育综合实践平台等实践,取得良好效果。