比较三种丙泊酚制剂对高脂血症患者围术期血脂水平的影响

目的比较三种丙泊酚制剂对高脂血症患者围术期血脂水平的影响。方法选择择期手术高脂血症患者80例,随机均分为四组,每组20例。A组和B组分别使用不同厂家的丙泊酚中长链脂肪乳(规格20ml/200mg),C组使用另一厂家的丙泊酚长链脂肪乳(规格50ml/500mg),D组吸入七氟醚维持全麻。分别在麻醉诱导前(T0)、手术结束时(T1)、手术结束后1h(T2)和术后24h(T3)抽取静脉血,检测总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、血清淀粉酶(AMY)含量。结果四组完成例数:A组19例,B组17例,C组18例,D组19例。与T0时比较,A、B、C组在T1时TC值明显下降(P0.05),且A、C组下降更明显(P0.01);与D组比较,C组在T1、T2时TC值明显降低(P0.05)。与T0时比较,A、B、C组在T3时TG值明显降低(P0.05),B、C组下降更明显(P0.01)。与T0时比较,C组在T3时HDL明显升高(P0.05)。与T0时比较,A、B、C组在T1时LDL值明显下降(P0.05),C组下降更明显(P0.01);与D组比较,C组在T1、T2时LDL值明显降低(P0.01)。与D组比较,A组在T3时ALT、AST值明显升高(P0.05)。与T0时比较,A、B、C组在T2、T3时AMY值明显升高(P0.05);与D组比较,A、B、C组在T3时AMY值明显升高(P0.05),C组升高更明显(P0.01)。结论丙泊酚长链脂肪乳对高脂血症患者血脂的影响较中长链脂肪乳小,更适合用于高脂血症患者全身麻醉。     

肝门部胆管癌外科治疗争议与进展

肝门部胆管癌是指原发于胆囊管开口以上,左、右二级肝管水平以下的肝门区胆管恶性肿瘤,占所有胆道恶性肿瘤的50%~70%。肝门部胆管癌根治性手术切除率低,病人预后差,生存期短。近年来,尽管在诊断和治疗方面取得了一定进展,但在术前胆道引流、门静脉栓塞、手术切除范围选择、联合血管切除重建、微创手术治疗和肝移植治疗等方面仍存在争议。     

过敏所致急性纤维素性机化性肺炎的诊治经验及文献复习

急性纤维素性机化性肺炎是一种罕见类型的间质性肺疾病,其病因及相关发病机制尚不明确,国内外关于此项疾病的研究及报道较少,亦无明确的诊断标准与规范的治疗方案。报道多为感染或药物不良反应相关,对过敏所致的此类疾病报道罕见,本文总结了成功诊治的一例此类患者相关诊疗经过,并做相关文献复习,以提高对该疾病的认识,避免误诊漏诊,同时提供一治疗方案供临床参考。     

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??Abstract?? Objective To identify the clinical features and the prognosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis in children??so as to improve the pediatrician’s awareness about this disease. Methods The clinical features??therapeutic regimen and prognosis of 17 children with anti-NMDAR encephalitis were summarized by a retrospective and follow-up study. Results Among the 17 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis??12 were males and 5 were females.Their age varied from 2 to 12 years??and the average age was 5 years 8 months.The most common initial symptoms were convulsions ??7 cases?? and psychiatric symptoms ??7 cases??.The common symptoms in the course of the disease were psychiatric symptoms??17 cases????sleep disorders ??16 cases????extrapyramidal symptoms ??14 cases????and convulsion ??11 cases??.Only 4 patients had autonomic symptoms.The anti-NMDAR antibody were found in all the patients’CSF.The EEG test of 16 patients showed diffused slow background.Tumors were not found in any patient. Fourteen cases were treated with IVIg and methylprednisolone??2 cases only received IVIg therapy and 1 case gave up.Rituximab ??2 cases?? and cyclophosphamide ??1 cases?? were administrated in 3 cases with no improvement after the above treatment.The patients had been followed up for 3 to 15 months.Twelve of them recovered completely??2 cases died??2 cases had epilepsy??and 1 case had speech disorder. Conclusion Psychiatric symptoms??sleep disorders??extrapyramidal symptoms and convulsion are the common symptoms of anti-NMDAR encephalitis in children.Tumors and autonomic nervous system dysfunction rarely happen. Immunotherapy is effective in the majority of the patients.The prognosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis in children is optimistic.     

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??Pediatric mesenteric lymph node enlargement is one of the most common causes of pediatric abdominal pain. The diagnostic criteria for most current report is??the longitudinal diameter > 0.5 cm??vertical and horizontal diameter ratio ??L/T?? more than 2??more than two of lymph nodes changed diffusely and uniformly. Ultrasound can not only diagnose lymph node enlargement timely and accuratly but also evaluate the morphology and blood flow of lymph node??helping us to determine whether there’s a mesenteric lymph node enlargement pathologically and provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.     

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??Abstract?? Objective To analyze ALDH3A2 mutation in four Chinese patients with Sjögren-Larsson syndrome ??SLS??. Methods Four patients were clinically diagnosed with SLS. Respectively take 3 ml of peripheral blood. All 11 exons and exon-intron boundaries of ALDH3A2 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction ??PCR?? and directly sequenced for genomic DNA. Results 1. All four patients had congenital ichthyosis?? mental retardation??and spastic diplegia or tetraplegia. Patient 1 had a compound heterozygote??c.1157A??G inherited from her father?? IVS5-1del G inherited from her mother. Both her parents had normal phenotype. Patient 2 and Patient 3 were siblings?? they were both homozygotes??a A-to-G transition at nucleotide 1157 in exon 8. The heterozygosity was demonstrated in their mother. Both her parents had normal phenotype. Conclusion Two different mutations were examined in these 4 Chinese patients?? and the SLS cases were confirmed by ALDH3A2 mutation analysis.     

不同产地、采收时间的苣荬菜地上部位总黄酮含量的考察

目的建立苣荬菜地上部位总黄酮含量的测定方法,比较不同产地和同一产地不同采收时间对苣荬菜地上部位总黄酮含量的影响。方法对6个不同来源和5个不同采时间的苣荬菜地上部位超声提取,分别用紫外可见分光光度法测定提取物中总黄酮含量。结果由于产地、采收时间的不同,总黄酮的含量差异较大,其中天津宝坻中总黄酮含量最高,宁夏银川在各个产地中的黄酮含量最低,在甘肃武威样品中批号为20130801的总黄酮含量最低。结论本法可以作为苣荬菜地上部位总黄酮的含量测定方法,产地和采收时间对苣荬菜地上部位总黄酮含量影响较大,实验结果可用于指导筛选苣荬菜优良产地和合理采集时间。     

血清PCT对危重新生儿应用抗菌药物的指导价值

目的探讨血清降钙素原(PCT)对危重新生儿应用抗菌药物的价值,以指导临床合理使用抗菌药物。方法纳入186例住院危重新生儿,其中,未应用抗菌药物的124例新生儿作为对照组,应用抗菌药物的62例新生儿为观察组。对比分析患儿住院时的体温状况和住院后的PCT、白细胞计数(WBC)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)和红细胞沉降率(ESR),并记录入选患儿预后状况。记录观察组患儿使用抗菌药物当天的PCT、WBC、CRP、体温,以及用药3 d后的PCT水平和体温状况。结果观察组患儿医院感染部位分布情况:肠道感染28例,占45.2%;上呼吸道感染17例,占27.4%;下呼吸道感染9例,占14.5%;泌尿道感染4例,占6.5%。两组患儿入院时的年龄、性别、体温、PCT、WBC、CRP、ESR和治愈例数[观察组:61例(98.39%),对照组121例(97.58%)]比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患儿预后情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但观察组患儿的住院时间比对照组长(P<0.01)。观察组患儿在抗菌药物使用当日,PCT高于入院时(P<0.05),体温、WBC、CRP水平无显著变化(P>0.05);使用抗菌药物3 d后,患儿PCT比用药当日显著降低(P<0.05),体温比入院时和用药当日显著降低(P<0.05)。结论通过监测PCT可以指导危重新生儿的抗菌药物应用。     

手术室护士对患者麻醉苏醒期的护理体会

麻醉苏醒期是患者实施手术之后恢复正常生理功能的重要阶段,在这个过程中患者的麻醉深度会逐渐变浅,感觉功能逐渐恢复,自主呼吸逐渐开始自主进行调控,随着感觉功能的恢复患者慢慢清醒。在这一过程中手术室护士做好患者的护理工作非常关键,通过全面的生理与心理护理,保证患者安全度过麻醉苏醒期,减少并发症的发生。     

玉竹多糖对衰老模型鼠免疫功能的影响

目的研究玉竹多糖对衰老模型鼠免疫功能的影响。方法制备D-半乳糖亚急性衰老模型小鼠，同时腹腔注射不同剂量的玉竹多糖。6W后，用MTT法测定脾淋巴细胞转化刺激指数（SI）；用免疫荧光法测定脾T淋巴细胞亚群；用PI染色法测脾淋巴细胞的凋亡率，观察其对免疫功能的影响。结果3种不同剂量的玉竹多糖均能提高脾B淋巴细胞转化SI；高剂量玉竹多糖能够提高脾T淋巴细胞转化SI；玉竹多糖能够显著提高衰老模型鼠的CD8^＋细胞数及降低CD4^＋／CD8^＋比值；高剂量玉竹多糖能够明显抑制脾淋巴细胞的凋亡。结论玉竹多糖可增强衰老模型小鼠的细胞及体液免疫功能。