Ultrasound-Enhanced Protective Effect of Tetramethylpyrazine via the ROS/HIF-1A Signaling Pathway in an in Vitro Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Model

Reactive oxygen species-induced oxidative stress is an important pathophysiological process during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. It has been reported that the protective effect of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) against cerebral I/R injury can be significantly improved by its combination with ultrasound exposure. However, the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways underlying the synergistic protective effect remain unclear. In the present work, the damage induced by I/R injury was modeled by glutamate-induced toxicity to pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. The ultrasound-enhanced protective effect of TMP was systemically investigated by measuring variations in cell viability, cell migration and levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species, the oxidative stress-related protein glutathione, apoptosis-related proteins (caspase-8, -9 and -3), as well as expression of related genes (hypoxia-inducible factor-1a, p53, murine double minute2). The results suggest that the ultrasound-enhanced protective effect of TMP against cerebral I/R injury might act via the reactive oxygen species/hypoxia-inducible factor-1a signaling pathway, and an appropriate ultrasound intensity should be selected to achieve an optimal synergistic neuroprotective effect.     

季得胜蛇药用于不明毒虫咬伤患者的疗效观察及护理

目的 观察季得胜蛇药应用于受到不明毒虫咬伤患者的效果.方法 将69例受到不明毒虫咬伤的患者随机分为实验组35例和对照组34例.实验组使用季得胜蛇药进行外敷治疗和护理,而对照组使用聚维酮碘进行涂抹,比较1周内2组的治疗效果,包括治愈率、总有效率、患者满意度以及并发症发生率.结果 治疗后,实验组的治愈率为71.43％,总有效率为97.14％,明显高于对照组的治愈率61.76和总有效率85.29％.2组在治疗期间,实验组的并发症发生率为2.86％,明显低于对照组的8.82％.而在患者对护理的满意度上,实验组的患者满意度为91.43％,显著高于对照组的85.29％.结论 季得胜蛇药治疗不明毒虫咬伤的效果更明显,且并发症发生率较低,值得在临床中推广使用.     

阿托伐他汀在改善高血压合并高血脂患者血管内皮功能中的作用研究

目的探讨阿托伐他汀在改善高血压合并高血脂患者血管内皮功能中的临床作用。方法 2009年10月～2010年12月在某院就诊的高血压合并高血脂患者167例,根据入选的先后顺序将所有患者分为观察组(阿托伐他汀20mg,n=84)和对照组(阿托伐他汀10mg,n=83),阿托伐他汀睡前服用,1次/d,干预患者服用6个月,比较用药前后各组人群血压、血脂、内皮功能变化情况。结果干预结束后,两组患者血压、血脂水平和内皮功能均有不同程度的改善,与干预前相比,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);且观察组改善水平显著优于对照组,与干预前相比,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论阿托伐他汀可显著改善高血压合并高血脂患者的血管内皮功能,并且与剂量存在一定关系。     

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) Attenuates Myocardial Inflammation and Mitochondrial Injury Induced by Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VV ECMO) in a Healthy Piglet Model

In this study, we investigated the myocardial inflammation and mitochondrial function during venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) and further evaluated the effects of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) on them. Eighteen piglets were assigned to the control group, ECMO group, and ECMO+CRRT group. Myocardial inflammation was assessed by the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), myocardial concentrations, and mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6; mitochondrial function was assessed by activities of mitochondrial complexes I–V. VV ECMO elicited a general activation of serum and myocardial inflammation and significantly decreased the activities of mitochondrial complexes I and IV. After being combined with CRRT, serum and myocardial concentrations of IL-1β and IL-6, myocardial mRNA expression of IL-6, and the activity of MPO were decreased significantly; the activities of mitochondrial complexes were increased. We conclude that myocardial inflammation was activated during ECMO therapy, inducing mitochondrial injury; moreover, CRRT reduced myocardial inflammation and partially ameliorated mitochondrial function.     

妊娠中期鼻骨发育异常胎儿的染色体检测结果及相关因素分析

背景　胎儿鼻骨发育情况评估作为常规产前超声检查项目，是胎儿染色体检查的重要指标，近几年染色体微阵列分析技术（CMA）的应用使得产前胎儿染色体疾病的检查范围更广、准确度更高，在此基础上有必要对鼻骨发育异常和染色体异常之间的相关性重新进行总结，为临床提供参考。目的　探讨胎儿鼻骨发育异常或与其他产前筛查高危因素结合在预测胎儿染色体异常中的价值，以及CMA在胎儿鼻骨发育异常遗传学检测中的应用价值。方法　选取2016年12月-2020年1月于内蒙古自治区妇幼保健院进行产前超声检查并提示胎儿鼻骨缺失或发育不良的92例孕妇及胎儿为研究对象。收集其产检信息、遗传学检测结果及妊娠结局。遗传学检测方法包括染色体核型分析和CMA。结果　染色体核型分析检出染色体异常19例（20.7%），均为21-三体；CMA检出染色体异常25例（27.2%），包括21-三体19例，染色体微缺失微重复6例。孤立性与非孤立性鼻骨发育异常胎儿染色体异常发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。与单纯孤立性鼻骨发育异常胎儿相比，孤立性鼻骨发育异常+颈项透明层（NT）增厚、孤立性鼻骨发育异常+血清学筛查（MSS）高风险、孤立性鼻骨发育异常+无创产前筛查（NIPT）高风险、孤立性鼻骨发育异常+2种及以上产前筛查高危因素胎儿染色体异常发生率均升高（P<0.05）。结论　鼻骨缺失或发育不良的胎儿染色体异常发生率较高，且与基因组变异有关；染色体核型分析、CMA结合其他产前筛查高危因素将有效提高染色体异常的检出率。CMA的应用为产前诊断提供了更多的染色体变异信息，建议所有类型的胎儿鼻骨缺失或发育不良进行染色体核型分析与CMA结合的遗传学检测。     

Ambient mass spectrometry for rapid diagnosis of psychoactive drugs overdose in an unstable patient

A 25-year-old man suffered from consciousness change was sent to our emergency department by friends who reported that they were not sure what had happened to him. Physical examination revealed bilateral pupils dilatation, lethargy, slurred speech, and ataxia. Computer-aided tomographic scan of the brain revealed no definite evidence of intracranial lesions. Routine laboratory tests revealed total physiological turmoil. Despite immediate commencement of aggressive treatment, the patient's condition deteriorated long before the traditional drug screen provided an answer for the identities of the multiple drugs overdose. It ended up with the need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, but in vain. At the end of the tragic event, under the suggestion of a colleague, a portion of the patient's urine specimen was sent to our university esoteric laboratory for rapid analysis by means of a newly-developed thermal desorption-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. Ketamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, and 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine were identified in the urine sample within 30 s. Conventional toxicological testing techniques like gas chromatography–mass spectrometry or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry are currently used for identifying abused drugs. One concern is their time-consuming sample pretreatment which leads to relatively low efficiency in terms of turnaround time for revealing the identity of the consumed drugs particularly when the patients are severely overdosed. We learned a lesson from this case that a more efficient toxicological identification technique is essential to expedite the process of emergency care when the patients are so heavily overdosed that they are under critical life-threatening conditions.