联合国驻利比里亚维和部队二级卫勤保障中航空医疗后送的组织实施

目的 通过伤病人员空运后送的组织实施,了解联合国维和部队快速空中转运系统与卫勤保障. 方法 2004年12月至2005年7月,中国维和医疗分队在非洲执行了联合国利比里亚维和行动中的二级卫勤保障任务.利用联合国在任务区建立的陆空一体化机动后勤保障力量,我们对63例伤病员组织实施了航空医疗后送.通过与维和战区小型军事移动通信单位联络,经卫星远程通讯设施,用电话、传真、电子邮件等与任务区军事指挥、卫生、运输等部门联通.采取多国维和部队联军协调,联合行动,外军护卫,专人陪送,保障伤病员安全与生命.所有伤病员在后送前经严格对症治疗处理,病情稳定.空运机种为俄罗斯米-8通用型直升机和加拿大Duch-7固定翼飞机,采用固定的野战直升机场. 结果 全部伤病员无一例因空运后送死亡或病情加重. 结论 在维和行动中,多国维和部队合作实施安全高效的航空医疗后送伤病人员是新时期我军开展的一项新课题.在联合国维和行动卫勤保障体系框架下,注重联络、协调、理顺与任务区各相关部门关系,配合多国维和军兵种单元联军合作,可以实施高效快速的卫勤行动,提高保障的整体效能.利用维和卫勤保障锻炼部队,是培训和提高我军医务人员综合实战能力的极好时机.     

D4S1647、D6S2414基因座在中国汉族、蒙古族、藏族的遗传多态性

目的 调查D4S1647、D6S2414基因座在中国汉族、蒙古族、藏族群体中的遗传分布规律。方法 采集308份血及唾液标本应用PCR技术，扩增产物用非变性聚丙酰胺凝胶电泳分离，银染显色分析。结果 两位点各群体基因型频率分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡，每一位点等位基因频率分布在各群体间无显著差异；通过对10个汉族家系的遗传模式分析，证实了两位点等位基因传递遵循孟德尔遗传规律。结论 D4S1647、D6S2414基因座在中国汉族，蒙古族，藏族群体均具有高度遗传多态性。     

血液病患者对健康教育需求的调查与分析

目的　探讨血液病患者及家属对健康教育的需求。方法　选择 4 35例患者填写调查问卷 ,同时随机选择 4 35例患者家属进行了解 ,对结果进行处理。结果　患者及家属对健康教育的需求很高 ,主要集中在治疗、自我保健等方面。结论　针对不同患者的个体差异制订不同的健康教育内容 ,提高了护理质量 ,使患者受益 ;增强了护理人员专业素质 ;建立了新型的护患关系。     

电视胸腔镜下脊柱侧弯前路松解术患者的护理

脊柱侧弯是青少年的多发病,发病率约1%,不但影响美观,也给患者心理健康造成危害,而且严重影响患者的心肺功能,甚至导致截瘫,目前最好的治疗方法是早期手术.     

Potential problem with fluorescence polarization immunoassay cross-reactivity to vancomycin degradation product CDP-1: its detection in sera of renally impaired patients

During the development of a homogeneous immunoassay for the antibiotic vancomycin, we observed in certain patient samples a quantitation difference between the enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) method and the comparison method, fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA). This prompted us to evaluate the integrity of vancomycin in samples from renally impaired patients. Since it has been reported in the scientific literature that vancomycin degrades into an antibiotically inactive crystalline degradation product (CDP-1) in vitro, we developed high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) methods to determine whether CDP-1 is present in patient sera. HPLC and LC/MS analysis on samples from renally impaired patients positively identified CDP-1 in fresh samples. Next, we tested the cross-reactivity of three currently available vancomycin immunoassays, radioimmunoassay (RIA) FPIA, and EMIT, to CDP-1 prepared in our laboratory. Our data suggest that CDP-1 is recognized by FPIA and RIA, both polyclonal antibody-based methods, but not by EMIT, which uses a monoclonal antibody.     

Effects of bromocriptine on hepatic cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase system

We have evaluated the in vitro effects of bromocriptine (Br), on the hepatic cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase system of rats pretreated with saline phenobarbitone (PB) and beta-naphthoflavone (BNF). Br inhibited ethoxyresorufin O-dealkylase (EROD) activity in liver microsomes of rats pretreated with saline and PB but not in BNF pretreated animals. Maximum inhibition of EROD activity by Br in the microsomes of saline and PB pretreated rats were 50%-60% of the control. In contrast, a dual effect was observed on aminopyrine N-demethylase activity (APD) by Br in microsomes of saline, PB and BNF pretreated rats. At a low concentration (25 microM), Br inhibited the activity of APD to a similar extent in all pretreatment groups; however, with higher concentrations of Br (50 microM to 300 microM), enhancement of APD activity was observed. Br (300 microM) increased the APD activity to 2-3 times the control level in microsomes of rats pretreated with saline, PB or BNF. Spectral studies revealed a Type II binding of Br to cytochrome P-450 from microsomes of saline and PB pretreated rats. A reverse type I binding was observed for BNF induced microsomes. In addition, Br also enhanced NADPH cytochrome c (P-450) reductase activity to a similar extent in all pretreatment groups. These results suggest that the inhibition of EROD activity may be due to direct binding by Br to certain isozymes of cytochrome P-450 and that the enhancing effect of Br on APD activity may be in part due to the activation of the NADPH cytochrome c reductase component of the cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase system.     

测胎儿器官重量探讨其生长发育规律

根据1022例新鲜胎尸的不同受精龄与体重，十项重要器官（心、肝、脾、左右肺、左右肾、左右肾上腺、胸腺等）的重量进行测量，将所测得的原始数据输入到IBM-PC/XT微型计算机内进行数据处理。探讨胎儿生长发育的基本规律。结果：（1）建立了胎儿体重与胎龄之间的推算式；（2）建立了胎儿各重要器官重量与胎龄之间的推算式；（3）建立了胎儿体重每月平均增长量与胎龄之间的推算式；（4）按胎儿体重每月平均增长量，用有序聚类分析方法，将胎儿生长发育过程划分为三个阶段。     

川芎挥发油化学成分研究

采取闪蒸气相毛细管色谱法和气相毛细管色谱—质谱法研究了宁夏六盘山区产川芎的挥发油化学成分,色谱分离出50多个峰,质谱鉴定了24个成分,主要是川芎酜内酯(46.37％)、丁基酞内酯(13.87％)、新蛇床内酯(6.98％)和丁烯基酜酯(4.8％)。红外光谱图中有较强的内酯特征吸收峰,为质谱所鉴定的以上主要成分提供了佐证。将闪蒸气相色谱法与蒸气蒸馏提取气相色谱法进行对照,二者的色谱图基本相符,前者是分析天然产物挥发性成分更加简便、迅速的微量方法。     

B组轮状病毒WH-2株vp7基因的原核表达与抗体的制备

目的：在大肠杆菌中表达人B组轮状病毒WH-2株VP7蛋白并制备其兔抗血清。方法：根据B组轮状病毒（GBRV）WH-2株vp7基因的全序列设计引物,用PCR的方法扩增得到vp7基因的编码区。将其克隆到原核GST融合表达载体pGEX-KG内,转化大肠杆菌E.coliDH5α,IPTG诱导表达人B组轮状病毒WH-2株VP7蛋白,经SDS-PAGE分离纯化表达的蛋白免疫新西兰兔,制备人B组轮状病毒WH-2株VP7蛋白抗血清。结果：经鉴定确认,vp7基因以正确的方式插入到载体中,此重组表达载体经IPTG诱导后,可表达相对分子量为53.4 kDa的GST-VP7融合蛋白。制备的抗血清经同样诱导表达的表达载体pGEX-KG表达产物吸收后1：500倍稀释后用Western Blot分析,与53.4 kDa的GST-VP7融合蛋白获得特异性显色信号。结论：人B组轮状病毒WH-2株VP7蛋白成功在大肠杆菌中GST融合表达,所表达的蛋白和制备的抗体不但为研究结构与功能提供了物质基础,也为GBRV所引起的疾病预防、诊断和治疗等流行病学研究和临床诊断奠定了基础,具有重要实际应用价值。