泰必利联合尼莫地平治疗偏头痛疗效观察

目的:观察泰必利和尼莫地平治疗偏头痛的疗效。方法:选择118例偏头痛患者,随机分为两组(治疗组比对照组=2:1),治疗组80例;对照组38例,治疗组口服泰必利0.1,3次/日,同时服用尼莫地平20～40mg,3次/日。对照组口服血塞通50mg,3次/日,2周为一疗程。结果治疗组头痛缓解和脑血管血流速度减慢优于对照组,总有效率95%,且不良反应轻微。结论:泰必利联合尼莫地平治疗偏头痛有较好疗效,且不良反应少。     

手背静脉网穿刺技术探讨

[目的]探讨手背静脉网的穿刺技术，提高静脉穿刺一次成功率。[方法]将1481例门诊、急诊输液病人和留观病人随机分为两组，试验组783例，采用自然状态静脉穿刺法。传统组698例，采用常规静脉穿刺法。[结果]传统组一次成功率低，且病人疼痛感较强；试验组一次成功率高。[结论]用试验组方法进行穿刺优于传统组。     

Upregulation of Nerve Growth Factor in Central Amygdala Increases Sensitivity to Opioid Reward

The rewarding properties of opioids are essential driving force for compulsive drug-seeking and drug-taking behaviors in the development of opioid-mediated drug addiction. Prior drug use enhances sensitivity to the rewarding effects of subsequently used drugs, increasing vulnerability to relapse. The molecular mechanisms underlying this reward sensitization are still unclear. We report here that morphine that induced reward sensitization, as demonstrated by reinstatement of the behavior of conditioned place preference (CPP) with sub-threshold priming morphine, epigenetically upregulated the output activity of Ngf encoding the nerve growth factor (NGF) by increasing histone H4 acetylation in the rat central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA). NGF locally infused into the CeA mimicked the morphine effect in inducing new functional delta-opioid receptor (DOR) that was required for the reward sensitization, and morphine-induced reward sensitization was inhibited by blocking NGF receptor signaling in the CeA. Histone deacetylase inhibitors that increased the acetylation level at the Ngf promoter and NGF expression in the CeA also induced reward sensitization in a CeA NGF signaling- and DOR-dependent manner. Furthermore, CeA-applied NGF substituted prior morphine to induce reward sensitization in naive rats and also substituted priming morphine to reinstate the CPP induced by prior morphine. Thus, epigenetic upregulation of NGF activity in the CeA may promote the behavior of opioid reward and increase the sensitivity to the rewarding effect of subsequent opioids, a potentially important mechanism in drug addiction.     

Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐3 mRNA in the rat developing forebrain and retina

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)‐3, a receptor for VEGF‐C and VEGF‐D, is expressed in neural progenitor cells, but there has been no comprehensive study of its distribution in the developing brain. Here, the temporal and cell‐specific expression of VEGFR‐3 mRNA was studied in the developing rat forebrain and eye. Expression appeared along the ventricular and subventricular zones of the lateral and third ventricles showing ongoing neurogenesis as early as embryonic day 13 but was progressively down‐regulated during development and remained in the subventricular zone and rostral migratory stream of the adult forebrain. VEGFR‐3 expression was also detectable in some differentiating and postmitotic neurons in the developing cerebral cortex, including Cajal‐Retzius cells, cortical plate neurons, and subplate neurons. Expression in the subplate increased significantly during the early postnatal period but was absent by postnatal day 14. It was also highly expressed in nonneural tissues of the eye during development, including the retinal pigment epithelium, the retinal ciliary margin, and the lens, but persisted in a subset of cells in the pigmented ciliary epithelium of the adult eye. In contrast, there was weak or undetectable expression in the early neural retina, but a subset of retinal neurons in the postnatal and mature retina showed intense signals. These unique spatiotemporal mRNA expression patterns suggest that VEGFR‐3 might mediate the regulation of both neurogenesis and adult neuronal function in the rat forebrain and eye. J. Comp. Neurol. 518:1064–1081, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Creep-resistant elastomeric networks prepared by photocrosslinking fumaric acid monoethyl ester-functionalized poly(trimethylene carbonate) oligomers

Biodegradable elastomeric networks were prepared from ethyl fumarate-functionalized poly(trimethylene carbonate) oligomers. Photocrosslinkable macromers were synthesized by reacting three-armed, hydroxyl group-terminated poly(trimethylene carbonate) oligomers with fumaric acid monoethyl ester at room temperature using N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide as a coupling agent and 4-dimethylamino pyridine as a catalyst. Poly(trimethylene carbonate) macromers with molecular weights ranging between 4500 and 13,900 were prepared and crosslinked by ultraviolet-initiated radical polymerization. The gel contents of the resulting transparent networks varied between 74% and 80%. All obtained networks had low glass transition temperatures, which varied between ?18 and ?13 °C. They showed rubber-like behavior and excellent mechanical properties, with tensile strengths and elongations at break of up to 17.5 MPa and 750%, respectively. Moreover, static- and dynamic creep experiments showed that these amorphous networks were highly elastic and resistant to creep. In cyclic tensile testing to 50% strain, the permanent deformation after 20 cycles was 0%, while static creep tests at 35% of the yield stress did not indicate creep or permanent deformation after removal of the load. Porous structures were prepared by photopolymerizing the macromers in the presence of salt particles, and subsequent leaching of the salt. Such networks, built up of non-toxic compounds and designed to release benign degradation products, may find application as tissue engineering scaffolds for dynamic cell culture.     

自制复温约束保暖套在全麻开胸术后患者中的应用

目的 寻找一种既能复温保暖又有约束作用的工具.方法 将160例全麻开胸术后患者随机分为对照组和观察组,各80例.对照组采用常规方法复温与约束;观察组在常规复温基础上,采用自制复温约束保暖套行保暖复温约束,复温约束保暖套包括保温、观察与操作和约束三部分,应用时将复温约束保暖套套于手脚后,约束带约束患者脚踝或手腕并系于床挡...     

Intrapersonal and interpersonal dimensions of cancer perception: a confirmatory factor analysis of the cancer experience and efficacy scale (CEES)

Purpose  

Sociocultural factors influence psychological adjustment to cancer in Asian patients in two major ways: prioritization of relationships over individual orientations and belief in the efficacy of interpersonal cooperation. We derived and validated among Chinese colorectal cancer (CRC) patients an instrument assessing cancer perceptions to enable the study of the sociocultural processes.