Neoadjuvant chemotherapy endows CD9 with prognostic value that differs between tumor and stromal areas in patients with pancreatic cancer

BackgroundThe selective pressure imposed by chemotherapy creates a barrier to tumor eradication and an opportunity for metastasis and recurrence. As a newly discovered stemness marker of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the impact of CD9 on tumor progression and patient''s prognosis remain controversial.MethodsA total of 179 and 211 PDAC patients who underwent surgical resection with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy, respectively, were recruited for immunohistochemical analyses of CD9 expression in both tumor and stromal areas prior to statistical analyses to determine the prognostic impact and predictive accuracy of CD9.ResultsThe relationship between CD9 and prognostic indicators was not significant in the non‐neoadjuvant group. Nevertheless, CD9 expression in both tumor (T‐CD9) and stromal areas (S‐CD9) was significantly correlated with the clinicopathological features in the neoadjuvant group. High levels of T‐CD9 were significantly associated with worse OS (p = 0.005) and RFS (p = 0.007), while positive S‐CD9 showed the opposite results (OS: p = 0.024; RFS: p = 0.008). Cox regression analyses identified CD9 in both areas as an independent prognostic factor. The T&S‐CD9 risk‐level system was used to stratify patients with different survival levels. The combination of T&S‐CD9 risk level and TNM stage were accurate predictors of OS (C‐index: 0.676; AIC: 512.51) and RFS (C‐index: 0.680; AIC: 519.53). The calibration curve of the nomogram composed of the combined parameters showed excellent predictive consistency for 1‐year RFS. These results were verified using a validation cohort.ConclusionNeoadjuvant chemotherapy endows CD9 with a significant prognostic value that differs between tumor and stromal areas in patients with pancreatic cancer.     

Development and evaluation of time‐resolved fluorescent immunochromatographic assay for quantitative detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 spike antigen

BackgroundThe spread of COVID‐19 worldwide caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has necessitated efficient, sensitive diagnostic methods to identify infected people. We report on the development of a rapid 15‐minute time‐resolved fluorescent (TRF) lateral flow immunochromatographic assay for the quantitative detection of the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein receptor‐binding domain (S1‐RBD).ObjectivesOur objective was to develop an efficient method of detecting SARS‐CoV‐2 within 15 min of sample collection.MethodsWe constructed and evaluated a portable, disposable lateral flow device, which detected the S1‐RBD protein directly in nasopharyngeal swab samples. The device emits a fluorescent signal in the presence of S1‐RBD, which can be captured by an automated TRF instrument.ResultsThe TRF lateral flow assay signal was linear from 0 to 20 ng/ml and demonstrated high accuracy and reproducibility. When evaluated with clinical nasopharyngeal swabs, the assay was performed at >80% sensitivity, >84% specificity, and > 82% accuracy for detection of the S1‐RBD antigen.ConclusionThe new S1‐RBD antigen test is a rapid (15 min), sensitive, and specific assay that requires minimal sample preparation. Critically, the assay correlated closely with PCR‐based methodology in nasopharyngeal swab samples, showing that the detected S1‐RBD antigen levels correlate with SARS‐CoV‐2 virus load. Therefore, the new TRF lateral flow test for S1‐RBD has potential application in point‐of‐care settings.     

食管癌手术患者医院感染直接经济损失分析

目的 分析食管癌患者术后发生医院感染情况及其造成的直接经济损失,为医院感染防控提供依据.方法 采用1:1病例对照研究方法回顾性分析某院2018年1月—2019年12月食管癌手术患者,术后发生医院感染者为病例组,术后未发生感染者为对照组,比较两组患者住院时间和医疗费用的差异.结果 病例组患者住院日数中位数为37.0 d,...     

基于虚拟切片的体视学模型仿真与分析

目的 建立虚拟组织切片的体视学模型,并以软件系统作为实现手段,模拟虚拟切片过程,为体视学的理论提供一个客观实证工具.方法 以数学手段描述组织切片可能出现的二维形态特征,模拟切片过程,将所得到的数据进行数值分析,与经验公式进行了拟合比较.结果 基于此算法可实现虚拟随机模拟切片,经拟合优度检验数据分布的均匀性检验通过率达94.5％以上.独立性检验通过率达92％以上.且均符合正态性要求.经线性和曲线拟合能够得到与经验公式相一致的体视学参数相关关系.结论 本文所述算法具有可行性,可以反映数值模拟结果的正确性.     

保留假体的序贯疗法治疗骨肿瘤保肢术后假体周围感染

目的:探索应用保留假体的"多米诺"序贯疗法治疗骨肿瘤保肢术后假体周围感染的注意事项和临床疗效。方法:收集并回顾性分析2016年1月至2020年1月共11例采用保留假体的序贯疗法治疗骨肿瘤保肢术后假体周围感染患者资料,其中男8例,女3例;年龄（51.82±15.57）岁（范围21~74岁）。股骨远端肿瘤膝假体6例,胫骨近...     

阻塞性黄疸大鼠肝功能和病理形态学研究

目的:探讨胆管阻塞对大鼠肝脏功能和病理形态学的影响.方法:60只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为6组:胆总管结扎组(BDL,n=50)和假手术组(n=10,仅游离胆总管不予结扎).BDL组据结扎持续时间又分为BDL3、BDL7、BDL14、BDL28和BDL42组(每组10只),分别于术后第3、7、14、28、42日测定血清总胆红素(TBIL)、直接胆红素(DBIL)、总胆汁酸(TBA)、谷丙转氨酶 (ALT)等肝功能指标,并观察肝脏组织病理形态.假手术组于术后7 d行上述检测.结果:与假手术组相比,BDL组大鼠肝脏功能指标明显改变,血清TBIL、DBIL、TBA值在阻塞早期(BDL3 或BDL7 组)为最高,后呈下降趋势,至实验末期(BDL42组)时仍高于对照组;ALT等酶学指标也有类似变化.BDL组大鼠的主要病理形态学改变为肝内小胆管增生和肝纤维化.结论:大鼠肝脏功能阻塞早期即发生明显的损害,机体可产生一定的代偿以改善肝功能,但持续存在的胆管阻塞最终导致肝纤维化.大鼠阻塞性黄疸期内病理形态学的改变显示其肝功能测定值并不能反映其肝脏组织的实际损害程度.     

巢式PCR在鉴别多房棘球绦虫及细粒棘球绦虫基因亚型中的应用

目的 探索巢式PCR在鉴别多房棘球绦虫及细粒棘球绦虫基因亚型中的应用价值.方法 将水泡带绦虫、犬弓首蛔虫、多房棘球绦虫、细粒棘球绦虫羊株和骆驼株等样本的DNA用巢式PCR扩增.结果 巢式PCR可以扩增出多房棘球绦虫和水泡带绦虫,而对细粒棘球绦虫羊株和骆驼株及其他寄生虫均不能扩增出.结论 在鉴别细粒棘球绦虫和多房棘球绦虫方面,巢式PCR有一定的诊断意义,但不能用于鉴别细粒棘球绦虫基因亚型.     

新疆54家居室装修后不同季节的室内空气污染状况调查

目的 研究新疆居室装修后室内空气中甲醛、TVOC和氡浓度,以及不同季节甲醛和TVOC浓度的变化趋势.方法 在乌鲁木齐市和哈密市随机选择了新装修的54户居民家庭,监测装修后居室空气中甲醛、TVOC和氡的浓度,在3个月和6个月后对第1次所监测的用户进行2次甲醛和TVOC的回访监测.结果 监测居室刚装修完工时、3个月和6个月后的室内空气甲醛浓度总体均值分别为0.154 mg/m3,0.064 mg/m3和0.115 mg/m3,超标率分别是70.4%,11.1%和59.3%(F=10.11,P＜0.01);居室刚装修完工时,室内空气中TVOC浓度总体均值为881.6ug/m3,超标率66.7%,装修3个月和6个月之后,TVOC浓度总体均值在国家标准之下,无超标户;装修之后的氡均低于国家标准,无超标户.结论 监测的新装修房屋的主要污染物为甲醛,室内的微小气候和通风状况对室内甲醛的浓度有明显影响,干燥炎热的季节和冬季取暖期是甲醛明显的释放期,甲醛超标比较严重.TVOC挥发速度快,初装修时超标严重,但一般经过2～3个月时间的释放,大都能远低于国家标准,TVOC的浓度随装修的时间而逐步下降,与季节和温度等因素关系不大.