巨噬细胞炎性蛋白4的突变和原核表达

目的 探索如何抑制嗜酸细胞的趋化作用，选择β-趋化因子巨噬细胞炎性蛋白4（MIP4）的突变性（Met-MIP4)作为趋化因子受体3的拮抗剂，将Met-MIP4基因在原核细胞中进行表达。方法 设计MIP4基因的PCR引物并进行氨基酸突变，将MIP4N末端的丙氨酸突变为蛋氨酸，以正常人肺酸突变，将MIP4N末端的丙氨酸突变为蛋氨酸。以正常人肺cDNA文库为模板，PCR方法获取Met-MIP4基因，克隆入载体pUC19，测序验证序列已得到突变，将正确的基因插入到GST融合表达载体pGEX-4T中，以IPTG诱导表达。结果 PCR产物为220bp左右的片段，连接入pUC19质粒后测序验证获得正确突变，构建的pGEX-4T融合表达载体在大肠杆菌中表达，经SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳显示有大小约34kU的新生融合蛋白表达。结论 成功突变并克隆了β-趋化因子MIP4基因，SDS-PAGE表明，与GST融合的Met-MIP4突变体已得到表达，为进一步研究其生物学活性奠定了基础。     

Changes in treatment of advanced laryngeal cancer 1985-2001

OBJECTIVE: In 1991, a randomized study was published and demonstrated that use of nonsurgical therapy (chemoradiation) provided similar survival to total laryngectomy (the gold standard) for patients with advanced-stage laryngeal cancer. The purpose of this study was to assess how treatment of advanced laryngeal cancer was influenced by such developments in non-surgical therapy. STUDY DESIGN: Patterns of care study using National Cancer Database (1985-2001). RESULTS: The percentage of advanced-stage patients treated with chemoradiation increased from 8.3% to 20.8% while the proportion treated with radiation alone decreased from 38.9% to 23.0%. Use of chemoradiation increased at a significantly faster rate after the 1991 publication at both community cancer centers and teaching research facilities. The use of total laryngectomy decreased slightly during this period. CONCLUSIONS: The use of chemoradiation increased after the 1991 publication. It was impossible to determine from the NCDB whether additional patients who could benefit from chemo-RT were not offered or did not complete this treatment option. We recommend that treatment recommendations discussed at tumor boards be recorded in cancer registries.     

视网膜缺血对兔视神经纤维损害的定量研究

目的：定量研究视网膜缺血对视神经的损害。方法：通过计算机图像分析定量测算视神经纤维数量；通过前房灌注平衡液，造成超高眼压，形成兔视网膜完全缺血模型，观察视神经纤维数量的变化。结果：正常兔眼平均视神经轴突数为１０９６０８±１４５６１（ｎ＝２２）；视网膜缺血眼视神经纤维数量明显减少（Ｐ〈０．００１）。结论：急性高眼压造成的视网膜缺血可使视神经节细胞及轴突的数量明显减少，应用计算机图像分析可定量检测这种     

固体废物处理和处置设施的选址

新建废物处理和处置设施的选址是一项综合性很强的工作，涉及自然环境，社会政治和经济、安全和技术等诸多方面，选址的主要目标通过一系列的选址技术的步骤来具体体现。     

小鼠肝损伤模型的建立及HSS对肝的保护作用的初探

从三周龄幼鼠制备了肝细胞再生刺激物质（Ｈｅｐａｔｉｃｒｅｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎｓｔｉｍｕｌａｔｉｎｇｓｕｂｓｔａｃｅ，ＨＳＳ）研究结果提示：注射ＣＣｌ４导致小鼠血清ＡＬＴ显著升高，ＡＳＴ也明显增高，表明ＣＣｌ４致小鼠急性肝损伤，而ＨＳＳ对肝损伤具有显著保护作用，为深入研究ＨＳＳ对肝保护作用机理、ＨＳＳ用于临床的可行性提供了基础。     

Ⅱ孔型房间隔缺损直视修补术后心律失常的临床观察

210例Ⅱ孔型房间隔缺损术后发生心律失常90例,14种类型,共292例次,其中,室上性占96%。30例需药物治疗,93%的患者出院时恢复正常。本文着重分析心律失常的特点,讨论影响因素及预防措施。     

头孢托仑酯随机双盲对照治疗细菌性感染临床评价

为评价头孢托仑酯（ＭＥ１２０７）治疗细菌性感染的有效性和安全性，采用随机双盲对照试验和开放试验方法共治疗８０例患者，其中ＭＥ１２０７（Ａ药）与头孢克肟（Ｂ药）随机双盲各治疗２０例（呼吸系统和泌尿系统各１０对），ＭＥ１２０７开放试验治疗４０例（呼吸系统２０例、泌尿系统１０例、皮肤软组织感染１０例）。每日４００ｍｇ，疗程７～１４ｄ。ＭＥ１２０７痊愈率和有效率在对照试验中为８０％和９５％，在开放试验中为７５％和９２．５％，总痊愈率为７６．７％，总有效率为９３．３％，细菌培养阳性率为１００％，细菌清除率在对照试验和开放试验中分别为９５％和９２．５％。纸片法药敏试验中ＭＥ１２０７敏感株百分率为１００％，与头孢哌酮相同，而优于头孢克肟和头孢克洛，明显优于阿莫西林（４８．８％）。ＭＥ１２０７６０例中６例出现不良反应，表现为消化道反应３例，转氨酶升高２例，凝血酶原时间延长１例。与对照药头孢克肟相比在痊愈率、有效率、细菌清除率及不良反应发生方面均无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。ＭＥ１２０７在每日４００ｍｇ剂量下治疗轻、中度细菌感染安全、有效。     

血管周围脂肪与心血管疾病的研究进展

在人体中,存在着一种围绕着除脑血管外的所有心血管的脂肪组织,称为血管周围脂肪（perivascular adipose tissue,PVAT）。近年来,由于其位置及功能的特殊性,PVAT被视为一种不同于传统内脏脂肪的新型脂肪组织,可通过旁分泌、内分泌具有促进血管舒缩功能的脂肪因子,介导免疫炎症反应及脂肪细胞表型转换等途径,对心血管系统产生双面性的影响,包括在生理状态下对心血管的保护作用及病理状态下促心血管疾病（cardiovascular disease,CVD）发生的不良作用。而通过对PVAT的实验室及影像学检查与干预,有助于提高对心血管疾病的诊断能力、增加具有可行性的治疗手段。本文将叙述PVAT与经典脂肪类型的区别,其生理、病理情况下对心血管系统的影响及在心血管疾病诊疗中的作用。     

Macrophage activation and Fcgamma receptor-mediated signaling do not require expression of the SLP-76 and SLP-65 adaptors

The Src-homology 2 domain-containing, leukocyte-specific phosphoprotein of 76 kDa (SLP-76) is a hematopoietic adaptor that plays a central role during immunoreceptor-mediated activation of T lymphocytes and mast cells and collagen receptor-induced activation of platelets. Despite similar levels of expression in macrophages, SLP-76 is not required for Fc receptor for immunoglobulin G (IgG; FcgammaR)-mediated activation. We hypothesized that the related adaptor SLP-65, which is also expressed in macrophages, may compensate for the loss of SLP-76 during FcgammaR-mediated signaling and functional events. To address this hypothesis, we examined bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM) from wild-type (WT) mice or mice lacking both of these adaptors. Contrary to our expectations, SLP-76(-/-) SLP-65(-/-) BMM demonstrated normal FcgammaR-mediated activation, including internalization of Ig-coated sheep red blood cells and production of reactive oxygen intermediates. FcgammaR-induced biochemical events were normal in SLP-76(-/-) SLP-65(-/-) BMM, including phosphorylation of phospholipase C and the extracellular signaling-regulated kinases 1 and 2. To determine whether macrophages functioned normally in vivo, we infected WT and SLP-76(-/-) SLP-65(-/-) mice with sublethal doses of Listeria monocytogenes (LM), a bacterium against which the initial host defense is provided by activated macrophages. WT and SLP-76(-/-) SLP-65(-/-) mice survived acute, low-dose infection and showed no difference in the number of liver or spleen LM colony-forming units, a measure of the total body burden of this organism. Taken together, these data suggest that neither SLP-76 nor SLP-65 is required during FcgammaR-dependent signaling and functional events in macrophages.     

含Arg-Gly-Asp肽与仿生PLGA-(ASP-PEG)材料结合的实验研究

设计合成含Arg-Gly-Asp[Arg(R)-精氨酸,Gly(G)-甘氨酸,Asp(D)-天冬氨酸]的非病毒基因载体的肽(K16-GRGDSPC) (K-赖氨酸,S-丝氨酸,P-脯氨酸,C-半胱氨酸),用其作材料聚(丙交酯-co-乙交酯)-(天冬氨酸-聚乙二醇)交替预聚物[PLGA-(ASP-PEG)]的表面修饰.合成K16-GRGDSPC, 将PLGA-(ASP-PEG)制成A、B、C三块薄片.薄片 A 、B与交联剂反应,反应后的薄片A再与肽反应,薄片 C作为对照.质谱仪(MS)、高效液相色谱分析仪(HPLC)检测肽的分子量及纯度;x线光电子能谱法(XPS)检测材料表面硫元素;分光光度仪检测残液未反应肽含量.HPLC检测肽的纯度为94.13%,MS检测肽分子量为2741.26.XPS检测改性薄片A中硫元素结合能为164 eV,碳、硫元素的含量比值(C/S)为99.746:0.1014;反应后薄片 B中硫元素结合能为162 eV与 164 eV,C/S为99.574:0.4255; 薄片 C中无硫元素.残液管OD值为0.069, 薄片A表面接枝肽密度为0.04 mg/mm2.提示通过交联剂可将所合成的肽K16-GRGDSPC结合到仿生材料PLGA-(ASP-PEG)表面.