全文获取类型
收费全文 | 12411篇 |
免费 | 1091篇 |
国内免费 | 1016篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 87篇 |
儿科学 | 128篇 |
妇产科学 | 148篇 |
基础医学 | 1459篇 |
口腔科学 | 163篇 |
临床医学 | 1670篇 |
内科学 | 1718篇 |
皮肤病学 | 140篇 |
神经病学 | 623篇 |
特种医学 | 493篇 |
外国民族医学 | 10篇 |
外科学 | 1186篇 |
综合类 | 2157篇 |
现状与发展 | 4篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 986篇 |
眼科学 | 476篇 |
药学 | 1268篇 |
7篇 | |
中国医学 | 784篇 |
肿瘤学 | 1010篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 31篇 |
2023年 | 163篇 |
2022年 | 450篇 |
2021年 | 577篇 |
2020年 | 426篇 |
2019年 | 390篇 |
2018年 | 419篇 |
2017年 | 372篇 |
2016年 | 387篇 |
2015年 | 548篇 |
2014年 | 673篇 |
2013年 | 680篇 |
2012年 | 1069篇 |
2011年 | 1187篇 |
2010年 | 795篇 |
2009年 | 601篇 |
2008年 | 783篇 |
2007年 | 671篇 |
2006年 | 643篇 |
2005年 | 644篇 |
2004年 | 390篇 |
2003年 | 339篇 |
2002年 | 270篇 |
2001年 | 236篇 |
2000年 | 301篇 |
1999年 | 268篇 |
1998年 | 171篇 |
1997年 | 139篇 |
1996年 | 145篇 |
1995年 | 108篇 |
1994年 | 97篇 |
1993年 | 57篇 |
1992年 | 71篇 |
1991年 | 65篇 |
1990年 | 73篇 |
1989年 | 41篇 |
1988年 | 43篇 |
1987年 | 38篇 |
1986年 | 34篇 |
1985年 | 27篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1974年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 9篇 |
1972年 | 5篇 |
1970年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
42.
胸腰脊神经根鞘形态观测及其临床意义 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
目的:为了探讨腰腿疼痛等疾病与脊神经根鞘的关系。方法:用巨视解剖和游标卡尺测量法对15具尸体的胸腰脊神经根鞘进行了解剖学观察与测量。结果:①左、右胸腰脊神经根鞘长度和横径基本对称;②T1根鞘长度和横径大于其它胸神经根鞘,接近L2水平,L3~L5根鞘长度和横径大于其它胸腰神经根鞘,尤其L5更为突出;③胸腰脊神经根鞘开口式,由上向下,由2~3孔逐渐减至1孔。结论:①T1、L2~L5脊神经根鞘既长又粗,与周围接触范围大,受损危险增大;②根鞘开口式孔数由上向下减少,发生在鞘内的炎症和肿瘤引起前、后根同时受累的机会增多。 相似文献
43.
Steffen Dietzel Anna Jauch Dirk Kienle Guoquiong Qu Heidi Holtgreve-Grez Roland Eils Christian Munkel Michael Bittner Paul S. Meltzer Jeffrey M. Trent Thomas Cremer 《Chromosome research》1998,6(1):25-33
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with microdissection probes from human chromosomes 3 and 6 was applied to visualize arm and subregional band domains in human amniotic fluid cell nuclei. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and quantitative three-dimensional image analysis showed a pronounced variability of p- and q-arm domain arrangements and shapes. Apparent intermingling of neighbouring arm domains was limited to the domain surface. Three-dimensional distance measurements with pter and qter probes supported a high variability of chromosome territory folding. 相似文献
44.
Molecular epidemiology of Vibrio cholerae O139 in China: polymorphism of ribotypes and CTX elements 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5 下载免费PDF全文
Qu M Xu J Ding Y Wang R Liu P Kan B Qi G Liu Y Gao S 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2003,41(6):2306-2310
Vibrio cholerae O139, the second etiological serogroup of cholera, triggered the first outbreak of O139 cholera in China in 1993. To analyze the clone polymorphism of O139 isolates in China, 117 strains of V. cholerae O139, isolated from different areas in China between 1993 and 1999, were selected to characterize the phylogenetic relationships by molecular techniques. Analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism in the conserved 16S rRNA gene revealed seven different ribotypes within the 117 strains. Among these strains, there were eight that lacked the cholera toxin gene (ctxAB), zot, and the repetitive sequence (RS); these eight strains belonged to three individual ribotypes. Our results suggested that V. cholerae O139 strains in China had clone diversity in phylogeny. The results of our hybridization patterns for CTX genetic elements (ctxAB, zot, and RS) showed that CTXPhi genomes in most V. cholerae O139 strains had two or more copies and had extensive restriction patterns even for the strains which belong to the same ribotype. For 22 (20.1%) strains, the copies of ctxAB were different from those of zot, suggesting that a ctxAB-negative CTXPhi genome may exist in O139 strains. This ctxAB-negative CTXPhi genome may coexist with the intact CTXPhi genome in a strain. In addition, the dendrogram for I-CeuI-generated pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns showed that V. cholerae serogroup O139 has a closer relationship with one strain of serogroup O22 than with the strains of serogroup O1. The results of this study showed the clonal diversity and the distribution of O139 strains in China, suggesting multiple origins of the O139 cholera epidemic or sporadic events. 相似文献
45.
Monosomy for the short arm of chromosome 18 is one of the most frequent autosomal deletions observed. While most cases result from terminal deletion of 18p, 16% of cases reported were as a result of an unbalanced whole arm translocation resulting in monosomy 18p. The origin and structure of these derivative chromosomes were reported in only a few cases. We report the prenatal diagnosis and characterization of a new case of monosomy 18p as a result of an unbalanced whole arm translocation. Amniocentesis was performed at 15 weeks of gestation on a 34-year-old woman initially referred for advanced maternal age. Holoprosencephaly was identified by ultrasound at the time of amniocentesis. Karyotype analysis showed an unbalanced whole arm translocation between the long arm of one chromosome 18 and the long arm of one chromosome 22, 45,XX,der(18;22)(q10;q10), in all metaphases. In effect, the fetus had monosomy for 18p. Parental karyotypes were normal, suggesting a de novo origin for the der(18;22). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis was performed with alpha-satellite probes D18Z1 and D14Z1/D22Z1 to identify the origin of the centromere on the der(18;22). Signal was observed with both probes, indicating that the centromere was composed of alpha-satellite DNA from both constituent chromosomes. Genotyping of the fetus and her parents with chromosome 18p STS marker D18S391 showed only the paternal 187 bp allele was present in the fetus, indicating that it was the maternal chromosome 18 involved in the der(18;22). This case and previous reports show that de novo unbalanced whole arm translocations are more likely to retain alpha-satellite sequences from the two chromosomes involved. 相似文献
46.
树突状细胞负载肝癌抗原肽疫苗体外诱导特异性免疫学反应的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
目的:研究树突状细胞(dendritic cell,DC)负载肝癌抗原肽EPVTKAEML体外诱导特异性CTL的能力及其抑癌效果。方法:用顺序特异引物聚合酶链反应技术(PCR—SSP)选择HLA—B7表型供者,从脾组织中分离、培养DC-EPVTKAEML特异性CTL。用^51Cr释放法检测CTL的杀伤活性,并用抗HLA-1分子单抗(mAb)进行杀伤抑制实验。结果:找到4例HLA-B7杂合子供者,用DC负载HLA-B7限制的抗原肽EPVTKAEML可诱导特异性CTL反应,对肝癌细胞HHCC有较强的杀伤作用。结论:DC负载抗原肽EPVTKAEML在体外可诱发较强的特异性免疫反应。 相似文献
47.
黄皮酰胺促钾通道开放 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
一种新发现的具有促智作用的药物——黄皮酰胺能抑制去甲肾上腺素(NE)或KCl引起的血管平滑肌收缩。本研究旨在应用膜片钳(patch clamp)技术探讨黄皮酰胺对Wistar大鼠尾动脉平滑肌细胞膜钾离子通道的作用。单个平滑肌细胞用酶法分离,以细胞封接方式记录离子通道活动。在细胞池内注入2μM黄皮酰胺后,钾离子通道活动明显增强。用本实验室开发的计算机软件(patch clamp analysis system,Version 1.0)计算分析通道活动的特征参数。 相似文献
48.
Use of quantitative competitive PCR to measure Epstein-Barr virus genome load in the peripheral blood of pediatric transplant patients with lymphoproliferative disorders. 总被引:13,自引:8,他引:13 下载免费PDF全文
D T Rowe L Qu J Reyes N Jabbour E Yunis P Putnam S Todo M Green 《Journal of clinical microbiology》1997,35(6):1612-1615
A quantitative competitive PCR (QC-PCR) assay for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been developed to provide accurate measurement of EBV genome load in pediatric transplant recipients at risk for developing posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). The assay quantifies between 8 and 5,000 copies of the EBV genome in 10(5) lymphocytes after a 30-cycle amplification reaction. For 14 pediatric patients diagnosed with PTLD, the median EBV genome load was 4,000, and 13 of the 14 patients had values of >500 copies per 10(5) lymphocytes. Only 3 of 12 control transplant recipients not diagnosed with PTLD had detectable viral genome loads (median value, 40). This median was calculated by using the highest value obtained by PCR testing on each of these patients posttransplantation. PCR values of >500 copies per 10(5) lymphocytes appear to correlate with a diagnosis of PTLD. By a modified protocol, the EBV genome copy number in latently infected adults was estimated to be <0.1 copy per 10(5) lymphocytes. 相似文献
49.
胸腰脊神经后根形态计量研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
在15具成人尸体上对胸腰脊神经后根进行了大体解剖和形态计量研究.结果表明:(1)上胸段脊神经后根的囊外段长度、硬膜点横径和脊髓点束数在逐节减少;后根的囊外段与囊长轴之下夹角>90°,囊内段及脊髓点分布长度在逐节增加,交通支最丰富.(2)中胸段脊神经后根的囊外段长度、硬膜点横径和脊髓点束数各节段波动范围较小,下夹角在90°左右,囊内段短,脊髓点分布长.(3)下胸段脊神经后根的脊髓点分布长度转而下降,下夹角<90°,其它指标均逐节增加.(4)腰段脊神经后根的脊髓点分布长度进一步减少,下夹角最小,其它指标达最大值,交通支丰富.根据研究结果进行后根受损危险排序,腰>下胸>上胸>中胸. 相似文献
50.
Mutations in the cationic trypsinogen gene and evidence for genetic heterogeneity in hereditary pancreatitis 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9 下载免费PDF全文
Férec C Raguénès O Salomon R Roche C Bernard JP Guillot M Quéré I Faure C Mercier B Audrézet MP Guillausseau PJ Dupont C Munnich A Bignon JD Le Bodic L 《Journal of medical genetics》1999,36(3):228-232
Hereditary pancreatitis (HP) is a rare inherited disorder, characterised by recurrent episodes of pancreatitis often beginning in early childhood. The mode of inheritance suggests an autosomal dominant trait with incomplete penetrance. The gene, or at least one of the genes, responsible for hereditary pancreatitis has been mapped to the long arm of chromosome 7 and a missense mutation, an arginine to histidine substitution at residue 117 in the trypsinogen cationic gene (try4) has been shown to segregate with the HP phenotype. The aim of this work was to investigate the molecular basis of hereditary pancreatitis. This study was performed on 14 HP families. The five exons of the trypsinogen cationic gene were studied using a specific gene amplification assay combined with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The present paper describes three novel mutations, namely K23R and N29I and a deletion -28delTCC in the promoter region. We also found a polymorphism in exon 4, D162D. In eight of these families we found a mutation which segregates with the disease. A segregation analysis using microsatellite markers carried out on the other families suggests genetic heterogeneity in at least one of them. Our findings confirm the implication of the cationic trypsinogen gene in HP and highlight allelic diversity associated with this phenotype. We also show that the pattern of inheritance of HP is probably complex and that other genes may be involved in this genetic disease. 相似文献