基于斑马鱼模型三棱抗血栓活性部位筛选及其化学成分研究

目的：筛选中药三棱抗血栓活性部位并对其化学成分进行研究。方法：采用斑马鱼血栓模型对中药三棱80%乙醇提取物的石油醚部位、乙酸乙酯部位、正丁醇部位和水部位的抗血栓作用进行测试。以硅胶柱色谱等方法对抗血栓作用显著的部位进行分离纯化，通过NMR，MS等方法并结合文献数据鉴定化合物结构。结果：乙酸乙酯萃取物能显著增加斑马鱼血栓模型的心脏染色强度（P<0.01），其余各部位抗血栓作用不明显。在该部位分离得到11个化合物，分别鉴定为对羟基苯甲酸（1）、5-羟甲基糠醛（2）、对甲氧基苯甲醛（3）、对羟基苯甲醛（4）、对香豆酸（5）、阿魏酸（6）、香草酸（7）、原儿茶酸（8）、香兰素（9）、Methyl-3，6-dihydroxy-2-[2-（2-hydroxyphenyl）-ethynyl]benzoate （10）及1，3-O-二阿魏酰基甘油（11）。结论：三棱提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部位具有显著的抗血栓作用，其主要化学成分为酚酸类化合物。     

血必净联合去甲肾上腺素对感染性休克疗效的影响

【摘要】 目的 观察血必净联合去甲肾上腺素(NE)对感染性休克（SS）治疗的临床效果，并探讨其对患者血流动力学和血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)水平的影响。方法 选取我院2015年6月~2017年6月收治的114例SS患者，采取随机数字表法均分为两组，对照组予以去甲肾上腺素治疗，观察组在此基础上加用血必净治疗，记录比较两组的临床疗效，治疗前后血流动力学指标及血清CRP、PCT水平变化，以及不良反应发生情况。结果 治疗14d后，观察组总有效率为930%，较对照组的789%明显上升(P＜005)。随治疗时间的延长，两组肺动脉楔压(PAWP)、中心静脉压(CVP)、血氧饱和度(SpO2)及心脏指数(CI)值均逐渐增加(P＜005)；且观察组治疗7、14d后上述指标改善均明显优于对照组(P＜005)。两组血清CRP、PCT水平均随治疗时间的延长而逐渐下降(P＜001)；且观察组治疗7、14d后上述指标水平均较对照组更低(P＜001)。而观察组和对照组不良反应发生率相比，差异无统计学意义(105% vs 140%，P＞005)。结论 血必净联合NE治疗感染性休克更能短期内消除或缓解患者的症状体征，改善微循环，提高治疗效果，且安全可靠。     

A study on the inhibition of VEGF expression in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma cells via iNOS gene RNAi in vitro

In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). Using RNAi, we transfected chemically synthesised iNOS siRNA into ACC‐M cells (a highly metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line) and detected the change in the gene and protein expression levels of iNOS and VEGF by qRT‐PCR and Western blotting. A transwell invasiveness assay was used to examine the changes in invasive ability of ACC‐M cells. Cell growth was determined using a CCK‐8 assay. Apoptosis and cell‐cycle phases were detected by flow cytometry. We found that silencing iNOS down‐regulated the expression of VEGF and then inhibited cell growth and invasiveness of SACC cells, while it increased apoptosis. Therefore, we concluded that iNOS can regulate VEGF expression and iNOS may be a therapeutic target.     

Consensus among Chinese experts on standard interventional therapy for deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity (second edition)

This is an update on the first edition of the expert consensus. This document discusses the indications and contraindications of interventional treatment methods for deep venous thrombosis such as anticoagulation, catheter-directed thrombolysis, percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stent implantation. The operational procedures, considerations, preoperative management, and prevention of complications were also updated, supplemented, and revised. Emphasis is placed on the interventional treatment of acute and subacute deep venous thrombosis to effectively reduce the incidence of post-thrombosis syndrome.     

Ultrasound-Based Carotid Plaque Characteristics Help Predict New Cerebral Ischemic Lesions after Endarterectomy

The aim of this study was to identify the ultrasound-based carotid plaque characteristics associated with new cerebral ischemic lesions after carotid endarterectomy (CEA). Between January 2013 and December 2018, carotid duplex ultrasound was performed in 1061 patients who underwent CEA. Brain magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was performed pre-operatively and within 30 d after CEA. New cerebral ischemic lesions on DWI were observed in 169 patients. The cutoff value gray-scale median (GSM) used to distinguish DWI-positive from DWI-negative patients was 30.5, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.837. A larger proportion of multiple DWI lesions were observed in the GSM ≤30.5 group (59.5% vs. 41.5%, p = 0.030). Univariate and multivariate analyses identified GSM ≤30.5, ulcerated carotid plaques and pre-operative ischemic symptoms as predictors of post-operative cerebral DWI lesions. Our results indicate that ultrasound-based carotid plaque characteristics help predict new cerebral ischemic lesions after CEA.     

宫颈癌根治术后腹腔间隔综合征一例诊治体会

腹腔间隔综合征(abdominal compartment syndrome,ACS)是开腹手术较为罕见的并发症,死亡率高。结合1例宫颈恶性肿瘤根治术后ACS合并切口裂开的病例,强调对于高危患者准确监测腹内压和及时剖腹手术的重要性。该患者极度肥胖,体质量指数(BMI)=40 kg/m^2,两次新辅助化疗后行宫颈癌根治术(经腹广泛子宫、双侧卵巢、双侧输卵管切除术,盆腔淋巴结切除术),术后第1天,持续腹胀咳嗽;术后第4天出现ACS,行开腹减压术。术后恢复良好,经过10个月的随访,未见并发症。