浅谈信息化背景下的现代药学教育模式

以计算机技术、多媒体应用技术和远程网络通信技术等为核心的现代信息技术的迅猛发展,使传统教育技术形态、教学内容、教学方法乃至教学理念发生了深刻变革。在现代信息化的条件下,高等药学教育要培养具有创新能力的高素质药学人才,需要转变教育模式,以学生为主体,以培养人才为根本,开展信息化教学。     

以第二课堂为载体培养学生科研创新能力探讨

营养与食品卫生教研室在学校深化教育改革倡导下,为提高预防医学专业学生综合素质和培养创新思维,将科研课题精心设计并移植到第二课堂教学中,依托学院开展的“预防论坛”形式积极参与打擂。该次有益的尝试为医学生提前介入科学研究,提高对科研的认知,培养高素质科研专才起到了积极作用。     

肿瘤患者化疗使用PICC置管的护理

目的:探讨经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC)对肿瘤化疗患者的临床护理效果。方法:回顾性分析我科医治的60例肿瘤化疗患者,将置中心静脉导管前(静脉留置针)作为对照组,置入中心静脉导管后作为实验组,两组在穿刺点的上方给予药物敷贴等护理干预,观察两组并发症发生的情况。结果:两组静脉炎、药物外渗、导管堵管等有明显差异(P<0.05),具有可比性。结论:经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC)能够有效预防肿瘤患者化疗过程中静脉炎、药物外渗、导管堵管等并发症,能够有效保护上肢静脉,减轻患者的疼痛,提高患者的生命质量,值得临床应用推广。     

基于JAK2-STAT3信号通路探讨硫酸羟氯喹治疗佐剂性类风湿性关节炎大鼠的作用机制

目的 观察硫酸羟氯喹对胶原诱导性关节炎大鼠(CIA)的治疗作用及其可能的作用机制.方法 24只SPF级SD大鼠,随机分为对照组、模型组及硫酸羟氯喹组,每组8只.给药前(0 d)和给药10、20及30 d后进行关节炎指数评分;HE染色观察各组大鼠膝关节滑膜病理损伤;ELISA检测大鼠血清中IL-1β、TNF-α及IL-6...     

Insights on Skin Quality and Clinical Practice Trends in Asia Pacific and a Practical Guide to Good Skin Quality from the Inside Out

ObjectiveWe sought to examine the current skin quality trends and gaps in clinical practice in the Asia Pacific region and develop a practical guide to improve skin quality.MethodsMedical practitioners from 11 countries in the Asia Pacific region completed an online survey on current trends in skin quality treatment. A panel of 12 leading experts convened for a virtual meeting to develop a practical guide for skin quality improvement.ResultsA total of 153 practitioners completed the survey. The four most common skin quality issues were uneven skin tone, skin surface unevenness, skin laxity, and sebaceous gland hyperactivity and enlarged pores. Most practitioners reported using a combination of treatment modalities for each skin quality issue. It was also observed that each treatment modality could be used to treat several skin quality issues. A multimodal approach targeting different interrelated issues across the tissue planes was recommended for balanced results. The panel developed a practical guide for the appropriate combinations and sequence of treatments, and created treatment protocols for specific skin quality outcome goals. The guide employed an “inside-out” approach, treating the deeper tissue planes prior to the superficial layers to achieve harmonious results.LimitationsFuture studies are needed to support the recommended treatment protocols for skin quality improvement.ConclusionThese findings provide valuable insights on current skin quality trends and gaps in clinical practice. The practical guide provides a framework for practitioners to customize their treatment plan according to each patient’s needs.     

血清超敏C反应蛋白与尿碘水平联合预测先兆流产患者保胎结局的研究

目的观察血清超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)与尿碘水平联合对先兆流产患者保胎结局的预测效能。方法前瞻性选取海南医学院第二附属医院2018年1月至2020年1月收治的112例先兆流产患者作为研究对象,根据保胎结局将患者分为保胎失败组(n=20)与保胎成功组(n=92)。检测两组入院时各主要指标[甲状腺功能相关指标、血清孕酮(P)、β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-HCG)、hs-CRP、尿碘水平],采用Logistic回归分析各主要指标与先兆流产患者保胎结局的关系,并分析入院时血清hs-CRP、尿碘水平对先兆流产患者保胎结局的预测效能。结果保胎失败组P、β-HCG水平低于保胎成功组,hs-CRP水平高于保胎成功组,合并甲状腺功能异常、尿碘水平异常占比高于保胎成功组(P<0.05)。经Logistic回归分析结果显示,先兆流产患者甲状腺功能异常、hs-CRP表达上调、尿碘水平异常是保胎成功的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05);先兆流产患者P、β-HCG表达上调是保胎成功的保护因素(OR<1,P<0.05);绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线发现,先兆流产患者hs-CRP...     

Precision N‐glycoproteomics reveals elevated LacdiNAc as a novel signature of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Primary liver cancer, mainly comprising hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), remains a major global health problem. Although ICC is clinically different from HCC, their molecular differences are still largely unclear. In this study, precision N‐glycoproteomic analysis was performed on both ICC and HCC tumors as well as paracancer tissues to investigate their aberrant site‐specific N‐glycosylation. By using our newly developed glycoproteomic methods and novel algorithm, termed ‘StrucGP’, a total of 486 N‐glycan structures attached on 1235 glycosites were identified from 894 glycoproteins in ICC and HCC tumors. Notably, glycans with uncommon LacdiNAc (GalNAcβ1‐4GlcNAc) structures were distinguished from their isomeric glycans. In addition to several bi‐antennary and/or bisecting glycans that were commonly elevated in ICC and HCC, a number of LacdiNAc‐containing, tri‐antennary, and core‐fucosylated glycans were uniquely increased in ICC. More interestingly, almost all LacdiNAc‐containing N‐glycopeptides were enhanced in ICC tumor but not in HCC tumor, and this phenomenon was further confirmed by lectin histochemistry and the high expression of β1‐4 GalNAc transferases in ICC at both mRNA and protein expression levels. The novel N‐glycan alterations uniquely detected in ICC provide a valuable resource for future studies regarding to the discovery of ICC diagnostic biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and mechanism investigations.     

基于立体MDT模式引导下2型糖尿病患者临床护理路径的构建与应用

目的 构建基于立体MDT模式引导下2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者临床护理路径,旨在使临床护理工作流程化、路径化.方法 以住院患者需求调查表与患者舒适度调查表为横断面调查工具,对2018年1月～11月在我院内分泌科接受住院治疗的80例T2DM患者的护理需求、满意度及舒适状况进行横断面调查,为基于立体MDT模式引导下T2DM患...     

Analysis of the HNF4A isoform-regulated transcriptome identifies CCL15 as a downstream target in gastric carcinogenesis

Objective:Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4A) has been demonstrated to be an oncogene in gastric cancer (GC). However, the roles of different HNF4A isoforms derived from the 2 different promoters (P1 and P2) and the underlying mechanisms remain obscure.Methods:The expression and prognostic values of P1- and P2-HNF4A were evaluated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases and GC tissues. Then, functional assays of P1- and P2-HNF4A were conducted both in vivo and in vitro. High-throughput RNA-seq was employed to profile downstream pathways in P1- and P2-HNF4A-overexpressing GC cells. The expression and gene regulation network of the candidate target genes identified by RNA-seq were characterized based on data mining and functional assays.Results:HNF4A amplification was a key characteristic of GC in TCGA databases, especially for the intestinal type and early stage. Moreover, P1-HNF4A expression was significantly higher in tumor tissues than in adjacent non-tumor tissues (P < 0.05), but no significant differences were found in P2-HNF4A expression (P > 0.05). High P1-HNF4A expression indicated poor prognoses in GC patients (P < 0.01). Furthermore, P1-HNF4A overexpression significantly promoted SGC7901 and BGC823 cell proliferation, invasion and migration in vitro (P < 0.01). Murine xenograft experiments showed that P1-HNF4A overexpression promoted tumor growth (P < 0.05). Mechanistically, RNA-seq showed that the cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions pathway was mostly enriched in P1-HNF4A-overexpressing GC cells. Finally, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 15 was identified as a direct target of P1-HNF4A in GC tissues.Conclusions:P1-HNF4A was the main oncogene during GC progression. The cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway played a pivotal role and may be a promising therapeutic target.     

宫颈癌患者疾病信息需求及影响因素调查研究

目的 了解宫颈癌患者信息选择的需求状况及影响因素.方法 采用一般资料问卷、卡氏功能量表和癌症患者信息选择问卷对78例宫颈癌患者进行调查分析.结果 癌症患者信息选择问卷的总分、诊断、治疗、预后和其他维度均分分别为39.04±7.42、6.19±1.28、10.69±2.63、10.08±2.07和12.01±2.43."我很想知道"信息内容排名前3位为条目4、8、13、12(8和13并列),"我不想知道"信息内容排名前3位为条目14、16、10.卡氏评分在80分及以上(可进行正常活动)组的总分、诊断、治疗、预后和其它因子均分均低于卡氏评分在70分及以下(生活受到不同程度的影响)组(t值分别为3.431、2.125、2.047、3.571、2.319,均P<0.05).年轻妇女、文化程度较高及脑力工作的癌症患者信息选择问卷某些分值较高,希望获知的信息需求较多.结论 癌症患者信息选择问卷及各维度得分与年龄、受教育程度、职业和健康状态有关,医生在为癌症患者提供治疗时,应注意其需要的疾病相关医学信息和健康需求.