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71.
Brett Froeliger Leslie A. Modlin Rachel V. Kozink Lihong Wang Eric L. Garland Merideth A. Addicott F. Joseph McClernon 《Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging》2013,211(1):57-63
Smoking withdrawal-induced disruption of affect and cognition is associated with dysregulated prefrontal brain function, although little is known regarding the neural foci of smoker–nonsmoker differences during affective cognition. Thus, the current study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to identify smoker–nonsmoker differences in affective cognition. Thirty-four healthy volunteers (17 smokers, 17 nonsmokers) underwent fMRI during an affective Stroop task (aST). The aST includes emotional cue-reactivity trials, and response selection trials that contain either neutral or negative emotional distractors. Smokers had less activation during negative cue-reactivity trials in regions subserving emotional awareness (i.e., posterior cingulate), inhibitory control (i.e., inferior frontal gyrus) and conflict resolution (i.e., anterior cingulate); during response-selection trials with negative emotional distractors, smokers had greater activation in a frontoparietal attentional network (i.e., middle frontal and supramarginal gyri). Exploratory analyses revealed that task accuracy was positively correlated with anterior cingulate cortex and inferior frontal gyrus response on fMRI. These findings suggests that chronic nicotine use may reduce inhibitory control and conflict resolution of emotional distraction, and result in recruiting additional attentional resources during emotional interference on cognition. 相似文献
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Yu Ueda PhD Satoru Takahashi MD PhD Naoki Ohno PhD Katsusuke Kyotani RT Hideaki Kawamitu MS Tosiaki Miyati PhD Nobukazu Aoyama RT Yoshiko Ueno MD PhD Kazuhiro Kitajima MD PhD Fumi Kawakami MD Tomoyuki Okuaki MS Ryuko Tsukamoto MT Emmy Yanagita MT Kazuro Sugimura MD PhD 《Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI》2016,43(1):138-148
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Efficacy of Crocus sativus L. on reduction of cadmium‐induced toxicity on spermatogenesis in adult rats 下载免费PDF全文
A. Yari A. Sarveazad E. Asadi J. Raouf Sarshoori A. Babahajian N. Amini F. Amidi H. Bahadoran MT. Joghataei MH. Asadi A. Shams 《Andrologia》2016,48(10):1244-1252
Cadmium is a toxic heavy metal element, which probably cause infertility by impairment in spermatogenesis. The present work aimed (i) to study the toxic effect of cadmium on spermatogenesis in rat, as well as (ii) the protective effect of Crocus sativus L. on cadmium‐intoxicated rats. Cadmium chloride was administered intraperitoneally during 16 days at intervals of 48 h between subsequent treatments. Crocus sativus L. was pre‐treated in both of control and cadmium‐injected rats. Animals were sacrificed on day 17 after the first treatment. The left cauda epididymis was removed and immediately immersed into Hank's balanced salt solution for the evaluation of sperm count and viability, and left testis was fixed in 10% formalin for histological evaluation. Following contamination with cadmium, a decrease was observed in the number and viability of cauda epididymis sperm, which were increased by Crocus sativus L. pre‐treatment (P < 0.05). In addition, cadmium decreased both cell proliferation and Johnsen Scores in the seminiferous tubules, which were reversed by Crocus sativus pre‐treatment (P < 0.05). Furthermore, cadmium‐induced decrease in the amount of free serum testosterone as well as an increase in lipid peroxidation activity in the testicular tissue was reversed by Crocus sativus L. (P < 0.05). These findings may support the concept that Crocus sativus L. can improve the cadmium toxicity on spermatogenesis. 相似文献
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Rouse DJ Caritis SN Peaceman AM Sciscione A Thom EA Spong CY Varner M Malone F Iams JD Mercer BM Thorp J Sorokin Y Carpenter M Lo J Ramin S Harper M Anderson G;National Institute of Child Health Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network 《The New England journal of medicine》2007,357(5):454-461
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Garland SM Hernandez-Avila M Wheeler CM Perez G Harper DM Leodolter S Tang GW Ferris DG Steben M Bryan J Taddeo FJ Railkar R Esser MT Sings HL Nelson M Boslego J Sattler C Barr E Koutsky LA;Females United to Unilaterally Reduce Endo/Ectocervical Disease 《The New England journal of medicine》2007,356(19):1928-1943
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