人胎儿前庭器超微结构的观察

对人胎儿前庭器超微结构的研究,国内外报道甚少。本文对18至36周人胎儿颞骨10具进行了扫描电镜和透射电镜的观察,并对应用Surface preparation法制做人胎儿前庭器标本的方法进行了探讨。本文观察所见:豚鼠平衡斑的生理状态与人胎儿很近似,体面积比人胎儿平衡斑小,感觉毛长,细胞排列更整齐。28周以后的胎儿因前庭周围骨质变硬,制做标本时可以分别取出两囊斑和壶腹嵴。     

全国细菌药敏试验的室间质量评价

目的：了解全国大中型医院细菌药敏试验（AST）状况，提高检测水平和质量。方法：定期向全国各参加评价实验室发放冻干标本，要求在规定时间内报告可疑感染的病原菌及其药敏结果，对回报结果给予数据统计、分析和评价。结果：2000年全国489个细菌室对常见耐药菌的检测正确率分别为：超广谱β－内酰胺酶63％（ESBLs)；苯唑西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）74％；苯唑西林耐药凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（MRSCoN)48％；对青霉素不敏感肺炎链球菌7％；氨基糖苷类高水平耐药肠球菌95％；产β－内酰胺酶流感嗜血杆菌正确率35％。结论：通过细菌药敏试验的室间质量评价反映出我国的细菌耐药性检测水平急待提高。     

32例出血性梗塞研究分析

对32例出血性梗塞研究分析，发现常出现于脑栓塞及大面积脑血栓病人。以治疗中病情突然加重或持久症状不改善为特征，动态CT检查对本病的诊断及治疗有重要意义。     

N-methyl-D-aspartate exposure blocks glutamate toxicity in cultured cerebellar granule cells.

Exposure of cultured cerebellar granule cells to glutamate results in a concentration-dependent (EC50 = 22.7 +/- 0.4 microM) and delayed (24-72 hr) neurotoxicity, which is blocked by the specific N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists 2-amino-5-phosphovalerate and MK-801 but is unaffected by the non-NMDA receptor antagonists 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione and 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione. Although glutamate toxicity in these cells is mediated by the NMDA subtype of glutamate receptor, pretreatment of cerebellar granule cells with subtoxic concentrations of NMDA markedly antagonizes the neurotoxic actions of glutamate, with an IC50 of 55 +/- 4 microM. The neuroprotective effect of NMDA requires a preincubation time of approximately 120 min to be fully manifested and does not require the presence of NMDA during glutamate exposure. These data demonstrate that NMDA receptors mediate both neurotoxicity and neuroprotection in cerebellar granule cells. Among four glutamate receptor agonists tested (NMDA, quisqualate, ibotenate, and kainate), only NMDA was able to provide a robust neuroprotection against glutamate toxicity. Quisqualate was neither neurotoxic nor neuroprotective, whereas ibotenate, which was nontoxic by itself, induced a small degree of neuroprotection. In contrast, kainate, which was neurotoxic to cerebellar granule cells, also provided considerable neuroprotection against glutamate toxicity. Because preincubation of cerebellar granule cells with NMDA fails to alter NMDA receptor-mediated phosphoinositide hydrolysis or the specific binding of [3H]MK-801 to NMDA receptors, it appears that the neuroprotective effects of NMDA are not due to NMDA receptor desensitization.     

Comparative Study on the Immunogenicity between Recombinant MS-Sj26GST Vaccine and Recombinant BCG-Sj26GST Vaccine in Schistosoma japonicum

TuberculosisandSchistosomiasisarethemajorcontagiousdiseaseswhicharethemostdangeroustothepeople’shealth Inordertogetridofthem ,wemustlookforamoreusefulvaccine Bythetech niquesofmolecularbiology ,2 6 0 0 0DaGlutathionStransferase (GST) genewasclonedintotheE coli MycobacteriumtransferringandexpressionvectorpBCG 2 0 0 0totransformittoMycobacteriumsmeg matismc2 15 5 (MS)andBCGseparatelyinordertoconstructrMS Sj2 6GSTvaccineandrBCG Sj2 6GSTvaccine Inthisstudy ,theBALB/cmicewereimmu niz…     

国产达美康治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病的临床观察

本文应用国产达美康对71例NIDDM患者进行了临床观察,同时以优降糖做对照。结果显示:达美康降糖效果与优降糖相当,降血脂方面优于优降糖,并可降低全血粘度,而对照组无此变化,提示达美康在降低血粘度、改善微循环、防治糖尿病性微血管病变上有它独特的作用。结果表明达美康是治疗NIDDM安全而有效的口服降糖药。     

肢体不同延长速度对局部血流量的影响

本文报告20只兔胫骨以不同速度延长时用末梢微循环测定系统动态连续监测局部血流量变化的结果,发现一次延长>1 mm时,局部肌肉血流量开始急骤下降,恢复延长前血流量所需的时间>8 h。作者认为肢体的血管、肌肉等组织对1 mm/次/d延长速度有相当大的生物适应性。延长速度>1 mm/次/d易造成局部血流量大幅度减少。延长肢肌肉萎缩、肌力减弱可能与血流量减少有关。     

大肠癌组织p53基因突变及其与临床病理关系的探讨

应用非同位素标记ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ技术对３４例大肠癌组织ｐ５３基因第五外显子突变进行了检测。结果：５０％（１１／２２）结肠癌，８．３％（１／１２）直肠癌存在ｐ５３基因突变，低分化腺癌高于高、中分化腺癌（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＤｕｋｅｓＢ、Ｃ期高于ＤｕｋｅｓＡ期（Ｐ＜０．０５），ｐ５３基因第五外显子突变在已发生淋巴转移的大肠癌组织中呈现较强的趋势。提示：检测结肠癌原发灶ｐ５３基因第五外显子突变，对指导结肠癌的诊断、治疗及预后判断具有一定意义     

Ocular injuries from accidental laser exposure

This report presents 29 cases of ocular injury (31 eyes) caused by accidental laser exposure. Twenty-eight eyes were injured during laser adjustment and alignment. Nineteen eyes were damaged by Q-switched lasers at a wavelength of 1064 nm. Macula damage occurred in 25 eyes. During the early phase after injury, there were different degrees of retinal coagulation, edema or hemorrhage in exposed spots and there occurred immediate reduction of visual acuity. Effusion of blood and exudate was absorbed in most injured eyes under treatment lasting several weeks; meanwhile, gray-white scars appeared. Macular holes appeared in seven cases a week after injury, thus extending the course of the injury. Nine cases (10 eyes) were followed-up for 4-10 y, during which time the condition of eight cases (nine eyes) remained stable. The causes of the laser accidents and the relationship between the damage effects and exposure doses were analyzed.     

镇痛灵对雄性1型糖尿病大鼠性功能的影响

目的 :本实验以成年雄性大鼠为研究对象 ,观察和探讨中药镇痛灵对糖尿病大鼠性功能的影响。　方法 :3～ 5月龄雄性Wistar大鼠 32只 ,随机分为糖尿病组 2 2只 ,正常对照组 10只。 72h后 ,将造模成功的糖尿病大鼠随机分为 2组 :未治疗组 ;镇痛灵治疗组。第 5周测血糖 ,阿朴吗啡勃起实验后 ,乙醚麻醉下断头取血 ,分离血清 ,取一侧睾丸组织制成匀浆液 ,测定血清及组织匀浆中NO及NOS水平。　结果 :糖尿病大鼠与正常对照组比较 ,血清NO、NOS明显降低 ,差异有高度显著性 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;镇痛灵治疗组血清NO、NOS值与未治疗组比较明显升高 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ;阿朴吗啡勃起实验证实 ,镇痛灵治疗组大鼠阴茎勃起次数明显多于未治疗组 ,差异有显著性(P <0 .0 1) ,而与正常对照组比较 ,差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。　结论 :复方中药合剂镇痛灵有降血糖作用 ,对糖尿病并发的性功能障碍有一定治疗作用。