Analysis of 4931 renal biopsy data in central China from 1994 to 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the changing spectrum and clinicopathologic correlation of biopsy-proven renal diseases in central China. We retrospectively analyzed data of 4931 patients who underwent renal biopsy in ten hospitals between September 1994 and December 2014. Among them, 81.55% were primary glomerular diseases (GD), and 13.02% were secondary GD. IgA nephropathy (IgAN) was the most common primary GD (43.45%), followed by focal glomerulonephritis (16.79%), mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN, 14.35%), and membranous nephropathy (MN, 13.28%). IgAN was leading primary GD in patients under 60 years old, while MN was the leading one over 60 years old. The most frequent secondary GD was lupus nephritis (LN) (47.35%). The prevalence of IgAN, MN and minimal change disease was found to increase significantly (p?<?0.001, p?<?0.001, and p?<?0.01, respectively), while that of MsPGN, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and LN decreased significantly (p?<?0.001, p?<?0.001, and p?<?0.05, respectively). The main indication for renal biopsy was proteinuria and hematuria (49.03%), followed by nephrotic syndrome (NS, 20.36%). IgAN was the most common cause in patients with proteinuria and hematuria, chronic-progressive kidney injury, hematuria and acute kidney injury; and MN was the leading cause of NS. Primary GD remained the predominant renal disease in central China. IgAN and LN were the most prevalent histopathologic lesions of primary and secondary GD, respectively. The spectrum of biopsy-proven renal disease had a great change in the past two decades. Proteinuria and hematuria was the main indication for renal biopsy.     

Effect of radial shock wave therapy for carpal tunnel syndrome: A prospective randomized,double‐blind,placebo‐controlled trial

Three recent studies demonstrated the positive effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) for treating carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). However, none have entirely proved the effects of ESWT on CTS because all studies had a small sample size and lacked a placebo‐controlled design. Moreover, radial ESWT (rESWT) has not been used to treat CTS. We conducted a prospective randomized, controlled, double‐blinded study to assess the effect of rESWT for treating CTS. Thirty‐four enrolled patients (40 wrists) were randomized into intervention and control groups (20 wrists in each). Participants in the intervention group underwent three sessions of rESWT with nightly splinting, whereas those in the control group underwent sham rESWT with nightly splinting. The primary outcome was visual analog scale (VAS), whereas the secondary outcomes included the Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (BCTQ), cross‐sectional area (CSA) of the median nerve, sensory nerve conduction velocity of the median nerve, and finger pinch strength. Evaluations were performed before treatment and at 1, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the third rESWT session. A significantly greater improvement in the VAS, BCTQ scores, and CSA of the median nerve was noted in the intervention group throughout the study as compared to the control group (except for BCTQ severity at week 12 and CSA at weeks 1 and 4) (p < 0.05). This is the first study to assess rESWT in a randomized placebo‐controlled trial and demonstrate that rESWT is a safe and effective method for relieving pain and disability in patients with CTS. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:977–984, 2016.     

汶川地震救援人员创伤后应激障碍状况调查

目的调查汶川地震救援人员创伤后应激障碍(post-traumatic stress disorder,PTSD)状况,为救援人员心理应激的防治提供依据。方法采用随机抽样的方式对17 132名救援人员进行心理应激相关量表调查。结果 1汶川地震救援人员PTSD的发生率高于常模,震后2年救援人员PTSD发病率下降;2救援人员震后PTSD早期症状突出表现为再体验,后期主要表现为强烈的心理痛苦烦恼、回避或麻木和警觉性增高的症状。结论 PTSD影响救援人员心理健康,需及时进行有效的团体和个体心理干预。     

D-二聚体检测在儿童肺炎中的临床应

目的 探讨儿童肺炎患者血浆D-二聚体水平的变化及其临床意义.方法 选取152名肺炎患儿,分为支原体肺炎组(n=43),细菌性肺炎(n=50),混合感染组(n=59).30名健康儿童作为对照组.采用免疫比浊法测定血浆D-二聚体水平.结果 支原体肺炎患儿、细菌性肺炎患儿、混合感染肺炎患儿血浆D-二聚体水平明显高于对照组.结论 血浆D-二聚体水平在小儿肺炎中存在不同程度升高.D-二聚体可作为肺炎患儿血液高凝状态的检测指标.     

自体真皮复合甲床组织片修复甲床缺损80例分析

目的：探讨利用自体真皮复合伤指剩余甲床组织片移植治疗甲床缺损。方法对80例90指甲床缺损的患者（男性60例,女性20例;年龄18～48岁,平均32岁）,利用自体真皮复合伤指的剩余甲床或趾甲床,取薄层组织片复合移植于甲床缺损处,打包加压包扎,术后2周拆线,观察治疗效果。结果本组80例90指术后自体真皮复合甲床组织片移植均I期成活,3例部分坏死,经换药后愈合。术后随访时间为6～12个月,90指中达到优良87指（占96.7％）,差3指（占3.3％）。结论自体真皮复合甲床组织片移植解决了甲床缺损的修复材料与甲分离、指甲质脆等问题。方法简单,效果理想,易于推广。     

后循环可复性脑病综合征临床及影像表现

后循环可复性脑病综合征(PRES)是以头痛、间性发作、精神状态改变和视觉障碍为主要表现的临床综合征,临床上可与高血压、子痫、肾脏疾病、电解质紊乱等一系列疾病相关。MRI检查通常可发现后循环脑区局灶性可复性血管源性脑水肿,血管成像可发现血管弥漫或局灶性痉挛表现。就与PRES相关的主要临床疾病及其临床表现和影像特征进行综述。     

MEBT/MEBO联合微粒皮种植治疗Ⅲ度深型烧伤的疗效观察

目的探讨烧伤湿性医疗技术(Moist Exposed Burn Therapy/Moist Exposed Burn Ointment,MEBT/MEBO)联合微粒皮种植治疗Ⅲ度深型烧伤的临床疗效。方法 10例Ⅲ度深型烧伤患者在全身治疗的基础上,采用MEBT/MEBO联合微粒皮种植治疗,观察创面愈合率、愈合时间及愈合质量。结果 10例患者创面均愈合,愈合率为100%,愈合时间为45~140 d,平均愈合时间为78 d,愈后皮肤有轻度瘢痕形成,但无功能障碍和畸形。结论 MEBT/MEBO联合微粒皮种植治疗Ⅲ度深型烧伤创面,操作简便,能有效缩短Ⅲ度深型烧伤创面的愈合时间,提高创面愈合率及愈合质量,疗效显著,值的临床推广应用。     

光刺激体外培养的NG2细胞对海马神经元内Ca2+活性和电活动的影响

目的观察选择性光刺激NG2细胞对海马神经元内Ca2+活性和电活动的影响,并初步探讨可能的作用机制。方法体外纯化培养新生SD大鼠NG2细胞,通过脂质体转染的方法,在NG2细胞中特异性表达光敏感通道(channelrhodopsin-2,ChR2)蛋白DNA,并与体外培养7 d的海马神经元共培养48 h,采用蓝光（470 nm、5 s、5 mW/cm2）选择性刺激表达ChR2蛋白的NG2细胞,利用Ca2+成像和电生理的方法记录NG2细胞周围海马神经元中的Ca2+浓度变化和电流改变情况,同时比较加入/未加入γ-氨基丁酸A型受体抑制剂情况下神经元的电流变化特点。结果当蓝光刺激表达ChR2蛋白的NG2细胞后,首先NG2细胞内的Ca2+信号增强,随后其周围海马神经元内的Ca2+升高约20%;Ca2+缓慢下降后再次出现一个Ca2+峰,幅度较第1次小;NG2细胞周围海马神经元的电流频率增加,振幅增大。而当预先在细胞外液中加入50 μmol/L γ-氨基丁酸A受体抑制剂后,海马神经元的电流频率和振幅较未加抑制剂组明显减小(P＜0.05)。结论选择性光刺激表达ChR2蛋白的NG2细胞可使其兴奋,且可能通过释放γ 氨基丁酸来调节神经元活动。     

不同功率高强度聚焦超声治疗人胰腺癌移植瘤初步实验研究

目的：观察不同功率高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)治疗人胰腺癌移植瘤的有效性和安全性。方法建立裸小鼠人胰腺癌YY-1细胞移植瘤模型,将荷瘤鼠分为低功率HIFU治疗组(200 W,n=10)、高功率HIFU治疗组(300 W,n=10)和空白对照组(n=10)。观察肿瘤体积变化、肿瘤生长速率及治疗不良反应,末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶、生物素dUTP切口末端标记(TUNEL)法检测各组肿瘤细胞凋亡率。结果低功率组、高功率组肿瘤体积、生长速率均明显低于对照组(P<0.05),两治疗组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与低功率组相比,高功率组不良反应增多(P<0.05),主要为皮肤灼伤(60%)和声通道损伤(20%)。治疗后7 d、14 d,低功率组和高功率组细胞凋亡率均高于对照组(P<0.05),两治疗组间细胞凋亡率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论低功率HIFU治疗胰腺癌移植瘤有效,且安全性更好。