Radiological evaluation on allograft reconstruction of the acetabulum combined with supporting device in revision total hip replacement.

We reviewed the radiographs of 25 hips of 20 patients who had received revisions of the acetabular components of total hip replacement supplemented by allograft for bone defects. Bone defects in 20 hips (80%) were classified into type D (cranio-central defect) according to Itoman's classification. In eight, sockets were installed directly on the allografts (group A). A metallic supporting device was used for reinforcing the grafts in 17 hips (group B). The position of the acetabular socket was measured on a radiograph, taken immediately after revision surgery and again at the latest follow-up. Using a MEM template, cranial and central migrations were determined. Mean cranial migration in hips of group A was 3.6 mm. Group B was 0.2 mm. Maintenance of thickness of the allografts was 60.6% in the cranial region and 75% in the central in group A. In the hips of group B, however, almost 100% of the initial thickness was maintained cranially and centrally. Allograft reconstruction of acetabular bone defect in revision total hip replacement is a beneficial procedure. The remaining pelvic bone is usually in poor condition, therefore, it is necessary to ensure primary fixation by the metallic supporting device.     

国产Fogarty气囊导管对犬腹主动脉壁损伤的超微结构观察

为探讨国产Fogany导管的气囊直径大小及导管通过血管腔次数多少与动脉管壁急性损伤的关系,本文以14条犬为对象,研究了当Fogany导管气囊直径分别等于血管直径的1、1.5及2倍、导管通过血管腔1、2及3次时,该导管对犬腹主动脉壁所致的超微结构损伤改变。结果显示:气囊直径愈大,导管通过血管腔次数愈多,气囊对动脉内膜及肌层的损伤愈重;从轻微的内皮细胞损伤至内皮及内皮下组织的全部剥脱,以及中膜层平滑肌细胞受损,但大多数损伤局限于内膜层。本研究为此种国产Fogany气囊导管应用于临床提供了实验依据。     

三种泻心汤及其类方不同配伍对正常大鼠胃粘液成分的影响

目的:探讨半夏泻心汤及其类方不同配伍对正常大鼠粘液含量的影响.方法:用均匀设计法对半夏泻心汤及其类方进行组方药量变化,以胃粘液含量为药理学指标,对所得的药理实验数据进行逐步回归分析.结果:与胃粘液含量关联度最大的为黄连,可以显著降低其含量,其次对半夏、大枣和甘草的交互项,可增加胃粘液含量.药物之间存在复杂的交互作用.结论:均匀设计为研究类方配伍提供了一种可供参考的试验设计方法.     

Internal and external information processing by lateral hypothalamic glucose-sensitive and insensitive neurons during bar press feeding in the monkey

Single neuron activities in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) were recorded during bar press feeding task in the monkey. First registered neurons were sorted into 2 groups, glucose-sensitive (GS) and glucose-insensitive (GIS) neurons, depending on their glucose sensitivity. Then firing variations to feeding, electrophoretically applied catecholamines and opiate, and to odor and taste stimuli were investigated. GS neurons responded to dopamine, noradrenaline and morphine more often than GIS neurons. In feeding task GS neurons responded during bar press (BP) and reward (RW) periods with long-lasting inhibition of firing and at cue tone (CT) with transient inhibition, while GIS neurons responded during BP and RW periods mainly with excitation and at cue light (CL) with excitation. A majority of GS neurons responded to both odor and taste stimuli more often than GIS neurons. Data suggest that these two kinds of neurons in the LHA may be involved in different functional aspects of feeding: GS neurons, mainly in internal information processing and reward mechanism, and GIS neurons, in external information processing and motor aspects.     

Anatomic and spiral computed tomographic study of the genial tubercles for genioglossus advancement.

OBJECTIVE: To measure and compare Chinese mandibular genial tubercles measured anatomically and with computed tomography (CT). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Spiral CT scans were taken of 40 adult human skulls; the superior genial spines were measured using anatomic and CT methods. RESULTS: The height and width of the superior genial spines, mandible thickness, and distance from the menton to the inferior and superior margins of the superior genial spines were 5.82 +/- 0.71, 6.98 +/- 1.35, 11.95 +/- 1.59, 11.08 +/- 2.05, and 16.91 +/- 2.30 mm from anatomic measurements and 6.17 +/- 0.71, 7.01 +/- 1.13, 12.19 +/- 1.64, 10.41 +/- 1.55, and 15.73 +/- 2.12 mm using spiral CT, respectively. The anatomic and CT measurements were correlated. CONCLUSION: Spiral CT of the genial tubercles can help locate the osteotomy in genioglossus advancement. SIGNIFICANCE: This study acquired reference data on Chinese genial tubercles demonstrating that CT measurements of the genial tubercles reflect their anatomy, which should allow accurately locate the osteotomy.     

脐带夹对防止脐部感染和出血的临床与实验研究

目的应用国产脐带夹用于农村山区破伤风高发区，并经离体试验验证其可靠性。方法经湖南、江西、广西等省基层接生员临床应用、并与当地同期或前一年未用夹者进行对照；同时经离体脐带用脐带夹、气门芯或纱线结扎阻断血管后进行金黄色葡萄球菌和破伤风毒素通透试验以及测试承受气压程度试验。结果1年临床使用2296例中，无1例发生破伤风和败血症。可靠性试验结果证明，粗纱线结扎最差，气门芯虽优于前者，但不如脐带夹。结论该脐带夹由于夹持力持久有力，细菌、毒素难以通过、安全可靠，因此能降低新生儿“病从脐入”的发病率和死亡率，有利干优生优育的贯彻．这是一项花费少、收效大的简而易行的适宜技术，值得推广。     

Synthesis and polymerization behavior of 2,3-dihydro-1,4-dioxin-2-one and its 3-methyl derivative

The hitherto unknown 2,3-dihydro-1,4-dioxin-2-one ( 7 ) and its 3-methyl derivative 8 have been synthesized for the first time. The olefinic double bond is inserted into the saturated 1,4-dioxanone precursors 3 and 6a/b by a retro-Diels-Alder reaction in the last step of the synthesis. The 1,4-dioxanone systems of 3 and 6 are prepared by reacting a vicinal dialkoxide with α-halogenated acyl halides, thus forming the ester and the ether bond in a one-pot reaction. Monomers 7 and 8 are polymerized by cationic initiation. The resulting products undergo fragmentation to form oligomers in the presence of protic solvents, indicting that ring-opening polymerization of the δ-lactone apparently leads to polyester chain segments.     

Impaired recognition of fear in a Chinese man with bilateral cingulate and unilateral amygdala damage

LJM, a 41-year-old schizophrenic Chinese man with bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus (Brodmann's area 24) lesions and also a small lesion in right amygdala after an operation, was compared with normal as well as brain-damaged and schizophrenic controls in identification of morphed facial expressions of six basic emotions. In repeated administrations of the test for recognition of facial emotions, over a 1- year period, LJM performed significantly worse for expressions of fear compared with the three groups of controls. Recognition of other emotions was not significantly different from that of the controls, except that his recognition of disgust during the first session (but not in two subsequent sessions) was worse than normal and brain-damaged controls but not worse than schizophrenic controls. The dissociation between recognition of fear and other emotions supported the view that the brain has separable networks for processing different emotions, and that the right amygdala as well as the anterior part of bilateral cingulate gyrus are possible substrates involved in the special network for perception of fear. The results from the various groups of Chinese subjects indicate that they perceive emotions in a categorical manner, and that the six basic emotions are likely to be cross-cultural universals.     

Expression of interferon-gamma-inducible protein-10 in human endometrial stromal cells

Human endometrial stromal cells (ESC) can produce a variety of chemokines, especially after inflammatory stimulation. Interferon-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) is a potent chemoattractant for lymphocytes, and belongs to the family of non-ELR CXC chemokines. The expression of IP-10 in ESC after stimulation with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Northern blot analysis. A small amount of IP-10 protein was detected in the culture media of unstimulated ESC. The expression of IP-10 mRNA was detected in ESC. IFN-gamma, IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha and LPS significantly stimulated the expression of IP-10 mRNA and protein in ESC. These results suggest that the production of IP-10 by ESC is regulated by inflammatory mediators. The modulation of IP-10 concentrations in the local environment may contribute to the normal and pathological processes of human reproduction by regulating leukocyte trafficking in the endometrium.     

The haemotoxicity of mitomycin in a repeat dose study in the female CD-1 mouse

Mitomycin (MMC), like many antineoplastic drugs, induces a predictable, dose-related, bone marrow depression in man and laboratory animals; this change is generally reversible. However, there is evidence that MMC may also cause a late-stage or residual bone marrow injury. The present study in female CD-1 mice investigated the haematological and bone marrow changes induced by MMC in a repeat dose study lasting 50 days. Control and MMC-treated mice were dosed intraperitoneally on eight occasions over 18 days with vehicle, or MMC at 2.5 mg/kg, autopsied (n = 6-12) at 1, 7, 14, 28, 42 and 50 days after the final dose and haematological changes investigated. Femoral nucleated bone marrow cell counts and levels of apoptosis were also evaluated and clonogenic assays carried out; serum levels of FLT3 ligand (FL) were assessed. At day 1 post-dosing, MMC induced significant reductions in RBC, Hb and haematocrit (HCT) values, and there were decreases in reticulocyte, platelet, and femoral nucleated cell counts (FNCC); neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte values were also significantly reduced. On days 7 and 14 post-dosing, all haematological parameters showed evidence of a return towards normal values, but at these times, and at day 28, values for RBC and FNCC remained significantly reduced in comparison with controls. At days 42 and 50 post-dosing, many haematological parameters in MMC-treated mice had returned to control levels; however, there remained evidence of late-stage effects on RBC, Hb and HCT values, and FNCC also continued to be significantly decreased. Results for granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units and erythroid colonies showed a profound decrease immediately post-dosing, but a return to normal values was evident at day 50. Serum FL concentrations demonstrated very significant increases in the immediate post-dosing period, but a return to normal was seen at day 50 post-dosing; a relatively similar pattern was seen in the number of apoptotic femoral marrow nucleated cells. The histopathological examination of kidney tissues from MMC animals at day 42 and 50 post-dosing showed evidence of hydronephrosis with cortical glomerular/tubular atrophy and degeneration. It is therefore concluded that MMC administered on eight occasions over 18 days to female CD-1 mice at 2.5 mg/kg induced profound changes in haematological and bone marrow parameters in the immediate post-dosing period with a return to normal levels at day 50 post-dosing; however, there was evidence of mild but significant late-stage/residual effects on RBC and FNCC, and on cells of the erythroid lineage in the bone marrow.