内侧颞叶癫痫患者丘脑核团表面形状改变的结构MRI研究

目的:探讨内侧颞叶癫痫(mTLE)患者丘脑体积与丘脑局部形态学改变,并分析其与病程的相关性。方法:采用回顾性研究方法。纳入2009年7月—2019年2月东部战区总医院80例mTLE患者以及同期进行健康体检的60例年龄、性别与之相匹配的志愿者(正常对照组),对所有受试者进行全脑高分辨率MR T 1加权成像(T...     

女性控尿解剖机制的多层螺旋CT研究

目的 研究女性控尿解剖机制在16层螺旋CT上的表现和价值.方法 对正常控尿的20位女性的下尿路、盆底肌肉进行16层螺旋cT的横截位连续增强扫描.在层距1mm、层厚2mm、螺距1.5、床进速度4.5mm/s的条件下,注射优维显后28s～35s进行连续扫描.结果 在增强的16层螺旋CT影像上,可以区分女性尿道与阴道等尿道周围组织;与控尿有关的盆底肌肉也能够清楚显示;CT观察证实女性尿道的肌肉是独立的,与盆底其他肌肉并不相连.结论 增强的16层螺旋CT可作为观察女性尿道的影像学方法,具有一定的临床应用价值.     

光学标测技术评价乌头碱心脏毒性的剂量关系

目的 探究不同浓度乌头碱作用于心脏时,对大鼠心脏心室电生理的影响。方法 利用光学标测(optical mapping)技术,通过体外给药乌头碱0.3、1、3 ng·ml-1,观察给药前及给药15min后不同浓度乌头碱对大鼠心室动作电位(action potential, AP)及钙信号的影响。结果 与空白组比较,在自发和6HZ刺激节律下,乌头碱都能浓度依赖性延缓动作电位的传导,特别是在浓度为3 ng·ml-1时（P＜0.05,P＜0.01）。当乌头碱浓度为1、3 ng·ml-1时,心室动作电位时程(action potential duration, APD)显著延长（P＜0.01）。还能增加动作电位传导的离散度（P＜0.05）,并且降低有效不应期(effective refractory period,ERP)与动作电位时程（APD90）的比值(ERP/APD90)（P＜0.01）。此外,乌头碱还能浓度依赖性延缓钙信号的传导（P＜0.01）,降低钙传导的速度（P＜0.05,P＜0.01）,增加钙传导及钙瞬变时程(Ca2+transient duration, CTD)的离散度（P＜0.05,P＜0.01）,降低钙信号的幅值（P＜0.01）。结论 采用光学标测技术可直观的发现,乌头碱可浓度依赖性的影响大鼠心室动作电位及钙信号的传导来诱导心律失常的发生。     

Microstructure and Interfacial Reactions of Resistance Brazed Lap Joints between TC4 Titanium Alloy and 304 Stainless Steel Using Metal Powder Interlayers

In the brazing joint between titanium alloy and stainless steel, a lot of Fe-Ti intermetallic compounds (IMCs) can be easily formed to make joints crack. A lap resistance brazing process with metal powder layers on both sides of the filler metal was used to solve this problem. The microstructure and metallurgical behavior of joints was studied through comparative experiments. The result showed that Nb, V and Cr powders and the solder reacted with the base material to form a new phase, which replaced the Ti-Fe brittle phase in the joint. At the same time, metal powder clusters hindered the diffusion of Ti and Fe elements and improved the distribution of new phases. The established atomic reaction model revealed the metallurgical behavior and formation mechanism of the joints. Therefore, the intervening position of the metal powder layer and the multi-reaction zone structure are the main reasons the shear strength of joints is improved.     

原研与仿制莫西沙星注射液在治疗社区获得性肺炎中的成本-效果分析

目的:研究原研莫西沙星对比仿制莫西沙星治疗社区获得性肺炎中的有效性和经济性.方法:采用前瞻性研究方法,选取2018年1月—2019年12月收治的85例社区获得性肺炎患者,根据患者治疗意愿分为原研组45例和仿制组40例.均连续给药7d.比较两组患者临床疗效和不良反应发生情况.以治疗总费用为成本,采用成本-效果分析方法评价...     

环孢素A微乳口服液的制备及稳定性研究

目的以环孢素A为模型药物,研究微乳制剂在药剂学上的应用.方法根据微乳的拟三元相图,筛选微乳的处方,制备环孢素A微乳,以冷冻蚀刻电镜法和动态光散射法分别考察其形态和粒径,采用高效液相方法测定微乳中环孢素A浓度,考察含量及稳定性.结果环孢素A微乳制备简单,粒径分布均匀,是一稳定的制剂.结论微乳在药学上有广阔的应用前景.     

Dapagliflozin and measures of cardiovascular autonomic function in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D)

AimsSodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors reduce blood pressure without compensatory heart rate elevation, possibly by modulating sympathetic/parasympathetic activity. This may contribute to their cardiovascular benefits in type 2 diabetes (T2D). We evaluated the effects of dapagliflozin (DAPA) on measures of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN), cardiac function, and glucose variability (GV) in T2D.MethodsPilot, randomized, two-period crossover trial comparing 12-week DAPA versus 12-week glimepiride treatment on CAN measures (cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests and heart rate variability), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), and GV (Abbott's Libre Pro devices) using signed rank tests and mixed models from baseline to 12 weeks within and between each period.ResultsForty-five T2D participants on metformin monotherapy (mean age 57 ± 8 years, duration 7 ± 6 years, HbA1c 7.8 ± 1.3%) were enrolled with 41 completing the trial. There were no differences in CAN indices or BNP with each drug compared to baseline and each other. Participants on DAPA demonstrated greater weight loss, reduced time in hypoglycemia, and improved GV compared to glimepiride.ConclusionsShort term treatment with DAPA did not affect CAN measures or BNP in uncomplicated and relatively healthy T2D participants. Longer prospective studies in patients with advanced disease are needed to better understand relationships between SGLT-2 inhibitors and CAN.Clinical trial registration: NCT02973477     

Endoscopic coblation treatment for congenital pyriform sinus fistula in children

Congenital pyriform sinus fistula (CPSF) is a very rare branchial apparatus malformation. Traditional open surgery for fistulectomy might fail to excise the lesion completely, leading to continual recurrence. Herein, we report our experience of endoscopic coblation technique for treatment of CPSF in children.To observe the clinical efficacy of endoscopic coblation treatment of CPSF in children, especially for those in acute infection stage.Retrospective case series with 54 patients (including 20 cases in acute infection stage and 34 cases in non infection stage) who were diagnosed with CPSF between October 2017 to November 2019, all patients were treated with endoscopic coblation to close the piriform fossa fistula, neck abscess incision and drainage performed simultaneously for acute infection stage cases. Data collected including age of diagnosis, presenting symptoms, diagnostic methods, prior and subsequent treatments, length of hospitalization, and recurrence were analyzed.Of the 20 cases in acute infection stage, there were 3 children with transient vocal cord paresis all of which resolved with 1 month. Four children of the 34 cases in non infection stage appeared reddish swelling of the neck on the 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th days after coblation and then underwent abscess incision and drainage. All cases experienced no recurrence, vocal cord paralysis, pharyngeal fistula and massive hemorrhage after their first endoscopic coblation of the sinus tract in the follow up of 3 to 28 months.Endoscopic coblation is an effective and safe approach for children with CPSF, neck abscess incision and drainage could be performed simultaneously in acute infection stage. We advocate using this minimally invasive technique as first line of treatment for CPSF.