维纳滤波器在数字化X射线影像中的应用

介绍了一种简单有效的维纳滤波器设计过程,并采用该过程对数字化X射线影像进行滤波,试验表明:维纳滤波器能在去除图像噪声的同时较好地保留图像细节,具有实际应用价值。     

肝病治疗仪治疗高原慢性乙型肝炎患者的临床观察

目的观察WGLY-801型电脑肝病治疗仪对慢性乙型肝炎的治疗效果。方法随机选取慢性乙型肝炎患者144例,分为治疗组66例,在常规治疗基础上加用肝病治疗仪;对照组78例,采用常规治疗,观察两组治疗效果。治疗三疗程共45天(每疗程15天),观察临床症状、肝功能的动态变化,并对最终效果进行评价。结果经治疗后,两组患者临床症状、肝功能较前均有好转,但治疗组起效快,疗程明显缩短,疗效好,差异有明显统计学意义(p<0.05)。结论肝病治疗仪,操作简单,疗效确切,值得进一步推广应用。     

Influence of TAT-peptide polymerization on properties and transfection activity of TAT/DNA polyplexes.

Use of bioactive cationic peptides as gene carriers is limited by instability of their DNA complexes in vivo and by the loss of their biological activity due to undesired interactions of their bioactive parts with the DNA. To overcome the two major limitations, biodegradable high-molecular-weight form of TAT peptide (POLYTAT) sensitive to cellular redox-potential gradients was synthesized in this study by oxidative polycondensation. Physicochemical and transfection properties of DNA polyplexes based on POLYTAT were investigated and compared with polyplexes based on TAT polymer prepared by in situ template-assisted polymerization. Physicochemical properties of TAT-based polyplexes were affected by the molecular weight and method of polymerization of the TAT peptide. All TAT-based DNA polyplexes exhibited reduced cytotoxicity when compared with control polyethylenimine (PEI) polyplexes. Polyplexes based on both high-molecular-weight TAT polypeptides exhibited increased transfection efficiency compared to control TAT peptide but lower than that of PEI polyplexes. The evidence shows that transfection activity of TAT-based polyplexes is strongly dependent on the presence of chloroquine and therefore suggests that TAT polyplexes are internalized by an endocytosis. Overall, high-molecular-weight reducible polycations based on bioactive peptides has the potential as versatile carriers of nucleic acids that display low cytotoxicity and can prove to be especially beneficial in cases that require surface presentation of membrane-active or cell-specific targeting peptides.     

Fabrication of porous hollow silica nanoparticles and their applications in drug release control.

Preparation and characterization of porous hollow silica nanoparticles (PHSN) for controlled release applications were investigated. Through orthogonally designed experiments, the optimal synthesis conditions for the preparation of PHSN were obtained and the produced PHSN were characterized by BET, SEM, TEM and IR. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy images revealed their hollow shell-core structure and also demonstrated that the size and shape of PHSN are determined by the templating CaCO3 nanoparticles. The produced PHSN were applied as a carrier to study the controlled release behaviors of Brilliant Blue F (BB), which was used as a model drug. Being loaded into the inner core and on the surfaces of the nanoparticles, BB was released slowly into a bulk solution for about 1140 min as compared to only 10 min for the normal SiO2 nanoparticles, thus exhibited a typical sustained release pattern without any burst effect. In addition, higher BET of the carriers, lower pH value and lower temperature prolonged BB release from PHSN, while stirring speed showed little influence on the release behavior. It showed that PHSN have a promising future in controlled drug delivery applications.     

人工肱骨头置换术治疗高龄患者肱骨近端复杂骨折

目的 探讨伴有全身性疾病的高龄肱骨近端复杂骨折患者人工肱骨头置换术围手术期处理、术中操作与术后康复的特殊性及手术的可能性。方法 2002年10月～2005年2月对8例68岁以上肱骨近端四部分复杂骨折患者行人工肱骨头置换术。患者均伴有内科疾病，合并两种以上疾病者3例，对所有伴发疾病进行手术前、后内科系统处理，并有针对性地注意术中操作与术后康复指导。结果术后原有合并症均得到控制。所有患者获3～30个月随访。参照美国加州洛杉矶关节成形改良评分系统（SSMH）综合评分：优1例，良5例，中1例，差1例。8例患者疼痛方面得分平均为9．5分，功能方面得分为8．0分，肌力和运动方面得分为7．5分。结论 对有伴发疾病的高龄肱骨近端复杂四部分骨折患者行人工肱骨头置换术虽存在较大风险，但只要认真处理伴发疾病，有针对性地注意术中操作与术后康复指导，可以平稳渡过手术期，并可提高此类患者的生活质量。     

EEG source imaging: correlating source locations and extents with electrocorticography and surgical resections in epilepsy patients.

SUMMARY: It is desirable to estimate epileptogenic zones with both location and extent information from noninvasive EEG. In the present study, the authors use a subspace source localization method (FINE), combined with a local thresholding technique, to achieve such tasks. The performance of this method was evaluated in interictal spikes from three pediatric patients with medically intractable partial epilepsy. The thresholded subspace correlation, which is obtained from FINE scanning, is a favorable marker, which implies the extents of current sources associated with epileptic activities. The findings were validated by comparing the results with invasive electrocorticographic (ECoG) recordings of interictal spike activity. The surgical resections in these three patients correlated well with the epileptogenic zones identified from both EEG sources and ECoG potential distributions. The value of the proposed noninvasive technique for estimating epileptiform activity was supported by satisfactory surgery outcomes.     

嗜铬细胞瘤患者围手术期处理的改进

目的：探讨提高嗜铬细胞瘤患者围手术期安全性的措施。方法：对15例嗜铬细胞瘤患者、术前采用选择性α1受体阻滞剂多沙唑嗪控释片(可多华)控制高血压；11例患者采用3D DCEMRA进行肿瘤定位；术中均采用联合高容量血液稀释(AHH)和术中患者自体血回输纠正血容量。结果：除1例持续性高血压患者需联合钙离子拮抗剂和ACEI药物降压外．其余患者血压控制均为满意；根据3D DCEMRA定位选择手术径路者均顺利完成手术；AHH联合术中自体血回输使14例患者避免了异体输血。结论：本文围手术期处理改进．可多华可明显减少药物的不良反应；采用3D DCEMRA进行肿瘤定位，可增加手术安全性；AHH联合术中自体血回输可减少医疗成本和异体输血，以及由此而引起的并发症。     

Bacteriology and disinfection of porcine skin

The microbial flora and counting were studied in split porcine skin. The results indicated that the routine method for the preparation of porcine heterograft could not reduce the indigenous flora in the dermal appendages efficiently. The indigenous flora of porcine skin consists of not only Gram positive cocci and Gram negative rods, fungus are the another predominant ones, the later may contribute to the frequent complication of fungal infection and the early rejection of porcine heterograft. A tincture of iodine compound was prepared and used for the purpose of disinfection, a better result was obtained.     

鼻咽癌增强CT扫描的影像表现及价值(附102例报告)

目的　探讨鼻咽癌 (NPC)增强CT表现和价值。方法　对 10 2例NPC放化疗前病人行平扫加增强扫描 ,观察癌灶密度变化、鼻咽表面线样强化层和癌灶周界情况。结果　平扫癌灶密度与同层面鼻咽肌相近的有 89例 (87% ) ,其余与翼外肌相近(13 % )。平扫难以明确癌灶的大小和范围 ,所能显示的仅是有无占位。增强扫描癌灶密度差异明显的占 44% ,单靠密度差异能使其周界全部或大部清楚的仅占 40 %。根据癌灶强化和线样强化层的表现 ,综合判断癌灶周界全部或大部清楚的达到 76%。结论　增强扫描对准确判断NPC癌灶的大小、范围以及对发现小的癌灶和鉴别诊断有重要作用。在主要针对鼻咽部本身的检查 ,增强也应列为常规扫描     

Potential contribution of nuclear factor-kappaB to cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbits.

Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) plays a key role in inflammation, which is involved in the development of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In the present study, we assessed the potential role of NF-kappaB in regulation of cerebral vasospasm. Nuclear factor-kappaB DNA-binding activity was measured in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) treated with hemolysate and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC, 80 micromol/L), an inhibitor of NF-kappaB. Forty-two rabbits were divided into three groups: control, SAH, and PDTC groups (n=14 for each group). The caliber of the basilar artery was evaluated. Nuclear factor-kappaB DNA-binding activity and the gene expression levels of cytokines and adhesion molecules in the basilar artery were measured. Immunohistochemical study was performed to assess the expression and localization of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and myeloperoxidase (MPO). It was observed that NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity was significantly increased by treatment with hemolysate in cultured VSCMs, but this increase was suppressed by pretreatment with PDTC. Severe vasospasm was observed in the SAH group, which was attenuated in the PDTC group. Subarachnoid hemorrhage could induce increases of NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity and the gene expression levels of TNF-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, ICAM-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, which were reduced in the PDTC group. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated that the expression levels of TNF-alpha, ICAM-1, and MPO were all increased in the SAH group, but these increases were attenuated in the PDTC group. Our results suggest that NF-kappaB is activated in the arterial wall after SAH, which potentially leads to vasospasm development through induction of inflammatory response.