西拉普利对体外培养系膜细胞和糖尿病大鼠肾皮质胰岛素样生长因子-1表达的影响

目的　探讨血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂西拉普利对体外培养肾小球系膜细胞和糖尿病大鼠肾皮质胰岛素样生长因子 1(IGF 1)表达的影响。方法　于低糖 (5 6mM )和高糖 (30mM)环境中培养人胎肾小球系膜细胞 ,分别加入西拉普利 (10 μM) ,观察其对IGF 1mRNA表达 (RT PCR法 )及纤维连接蛋白、层粘连蛋白和Ⅳ型胶原分泌 (酶免法和放免法 )的影响。将糖尿病SD大鼠随机分为糖尿病对照组和西拉普利 (1 0mg·kg 1 ·d 1 灌胃 )组 ,分别于第 4和第 8周末检测其肾皮质IGF 1mRNA表达、基质蛋白沉积和尿白蛋白 /肌酐比值等指标。结果　高糖环境下系膜细胞IGF 1mR NA表达增高 ,上清液中基质蛋白含量也显著升高。加入西拉普利后IGF 1mRNA表达量明显降低 ,且基质蛋白含量也显著下降。糖尿病对照组大鼠肾皮质IGF 1mRNA表达明显高于正常对照组 ,西拉普利组IGF 1mRNA表达、尿白蛋白 /肌酐比值和基质蛋白沉积则显著低于糖尿病对照组。结论　西拉普利可抑制高糖环境下IGF 1在系膜细胞和肾皮质的过度表达 ,减少糖尿病大鼠基质蛋白在肾皮质的沉积 ,降低尿白蛋白排泄率 ,提示早期应用血管紧张转换酶抑制剂抑制IGF 1过度表达有益于对糖尿病肾病的防治     

甲状腺癌差异表达cDNA消减文库的构建

目的 应用抑制性消减杂交技术，构建人甲状腺癌与正常甲状腺差异表达的cDNA消减文库。方法 分别从甲状腺癌及正常甲状腺组织中提取总RNA，应用高效、灵敏的抑制性消减杂交技术，构建成功cDNA消减文库，再转染大肠杆菌进行文库扩增。结果 构建成功具有高消减效率的人甲状腺癌组织cDNA消减文库，文库扩增得到了400个克隆，随机挑取50个制备质粒，酶切分析均得到50bp-400bp大小插入片段，这些片段可能就是载有高度特异性的目的片段。结论 人甲状腺癌组织cDNA消减文库的建立为进一步克隆甲状腺癌特异性表达的新基因奠定了基础。     

高温抑制舌癌细胞侵袭及转移机理的实验研究

目的探讨高温治癌与基质金属蛋白酶系统之间的关系,以期阐明高温抑制肿瘤细胞侵袭及转移的机理.方法对舌癌细胞Tca-8113进行体外43℃加温,通过免疫组化、流式细胞术及明胶酶谱活性分析等方法进行分析,以研究加温后该舌癌细胞MMP-9、MMP-2表达量及其活性的改变.结果加温与未加温细胞MMP-9、MMP-2均有表达,但加温后的细胞MMP-9和MMP-2蛋白表达量减少,并且加温后的细胞MMP-9和MMP-2的活性较未加温细胞明显下降.结论高温能通过调节基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-9、MMP-2)的表达量及其活性来抑制肿瘤细胞的侵袭、转移能力.     

提高乳腺癌早期诊断水平的研究

目的：评价育龄妇女乳腺疾病普查、乳腺钼靶摄片及^99mTc-MIBI核素显像在乳腺癌早期诊断中的价值，探索提高乳腺癌早期诊断的方法。方法：对徐州地区10万例育龄妇女进行乳腺疾病的普查，筛选出的乳腺癌高危人群及门诊就诊的乳腺疾{戎患者行乳腺钼靶摄片及^99mTc-MIB核素显像检查。结果：普查乳腺癌检出率为28．9／10万。乳腺钼靶摄片诊断乳腺癌的灵敏度为90．2％、特异性为31.4％。^99mTc-MIBI核素显像灵敏度为82．5％，特异性为90．2％。联合应用乳腺钼靶摄片与^99mTc-MIBI核素显像，对乳腺癌诊断的灵敏性为100％，特异性为99．3％。结论：育龄妇女乳腺疾病普查，结合乳腺钼靶摄片及^99mTc-MIBI核素显像可以明显提高乳腺癌的诊断率。     

槐耳颗粒对胸部恶性肿瘤病人术后免疫功能的影响

目的：观察槐耳颗粒（金克）对胸部恶性肿瘤病人术后细胞免疫功能的影响，探讨胸部恶性肿瘤病人后辅以槐耳颗粒治疗的临床意义。方法：选取33例胸部恶性肿瘤病人，术后用槐耳颗粒治疗1个疗程（12周），监测其T细胞亚群CD3、CD4、CD8及CD4／CD8比值的变化，并对照20例胸部良性疾病的T细胞亚群监测结果进行比较。结果：胸部良，恶性疾病手术后细胞免疫功能与正常水平相比均显著下降，经槐耳颗粒治疗后恶性肿瘤病人的细胞免疫功能恢复到相对正常水平，结论：槐耳颗粒可改善胸部恶性肿瘤病人术后的细胞免疫功能。     

高温对人舌癌细胞粘附性影响的实验研究

[目的]观察高温外理前、后的人舌癌细胞(Tca鄄8113)对层粘连蛋白(Ln)和纤维粘连蛋白(Fn)的粘附能力的影响,探寻高温治癌的机理。[方法]采用结晶紫染色法分别测定在37℃条件下培养24小时和在43℃条件下加热40分钟后继续培养24小时的Tca鄄8113细胞对Ln和Fn的粘附能力。[结果]加温后的人舌癌细胞粘附在包被了Fn和Ln孔板上的数量、密度明显减小;通过酶标仪测定光密度OD值,发现加温组的OD值均低于未加温组的OD值,两组相比,具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。[结论]高温能够降低人舌癌细胞对Fn、Ln的粘附能力,从而降低肿瘤细胞对基底膜的浸润、转移力,达到治疗肿瘤的目的。     

CT-based delineation of lymph node levels and related CTVs in the node-negative neck: DAHANCA, EORTC, GORTEC, NCIC,RTOG consensus guidelines.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The appropriate application of 3-D CRT and IMRT for HNSCC requires a standardization of the procedures for the delineation of the target volumes. Over the past few years, two proposals--the so-called Brussels guidelines from Grégoire et al., and the so-called Rotterdam guidelines from Nowak et al.--emerged from the literature for the delineation of the neck node levels. Detailed examination of these proposals however revealed some important discrepancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Within this framework, the Brussels and Rotterdam groups decided to review their guidelines and derive a common set of recommendations for delineation of neck node levels. This proposal was then discussed with representatives of major cooperative groups in Europe (DAHANCA, EORTC, GORTEC) and in North America (NCIC, RTOG), which, after some additional refinements, have endorsed them. The objective of the present article is to present the consensus guidelines for the delineation of the node levels in the node-negative neck. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: First a short discussion of the discrepancies between the previous Brussels and the Rotterdam guidelines is presented. The general philosophy of the consensus guidelines and the methodology used to resolve the various discrepancies are then described. The consensus proposal is then presented and representative CTVs that are consistent with these guidelines are illustrated on CT sections. Last, the limitations of the consensus guidelines are discussed and some concerns about the direct applications of these guidelines to the node-positive neck and the post-operative neck are described.     

KTP Laser and Neutral Red Phototherapy of Human Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Neutral red (NR) is a cationic, nontoxic vital dye employed as a histologic stain for proliferating cells; it has been used clinically for photodynamic treatment of herpes simplex virus lesions. NR is selectively taken up and concentrated by mitotic cells, an important characteristic for more effective antineoplastic agents. In the present study, UCLA-SO-P3 human squamous carcinoma cells displayed minimal toxicity when incubated with up to 50 μg/ml NR in the absence of light. However, cells incubated with greater than 0.5μg/ml NR followed by exposure to KTP laser light at 532 nm exhibited nearly 100% tumor cell death. The degree of cell toxicity was proportional to NR dose and laser light fluence. This study demonstrates that NR is an excellent cancer cell photosensitizer in vitro, and, after adding additional in vivo preclinical testing, may prove to be a useful agent in photodynamic destruction of head and neck tumors.     

A simplified technique for embryo biopsy: Use of the same micropipette for zona drilling and blastomere aspiration

Purpose: Using different micropipettes for zona drilling and blastomere aspiration for embryo biopsy is prevalent at centers of preimplantation genetic diagnosis. The purpose of our study was to simplify the technique by using only one micropipette. Methods: In this animal model, ICR mouse embryos at the four-cell stage (n=446) were randomly allocated into two groups: a biopsied group (n=224) for blastomere aspiration and a control group (n=222) without micromanipulation. We used a drilling/biopsy micropipette to drill a hole in the zona by expulsion of acidified Tyrode’s solution and to aspirate the blastomere by gentle suction with the same micropipette and pull it out of the zona. One blastomere was biopsied from each embryo. Results: In all, 222 (99.1%) intact blastomeres were successfully biopsied from 224 embryos. Only two blastomeres were damaged during aspiration. The capacity for blastocyst development (92.4 vs 93.7%) was not different between the two groups, but the percentages of embryos hatching (51.8 vs 18.0%) and hatched (29.9 vs 8.1%) were significantly higher in the biopsied group than in the control group. Conclusions: This simplified technique of embryo biopsy is safe and highly efficient for obtaining blastomeres for preimplantation genetic diagnosis and may also facilitate hatching of the blastocysts.