全文获取类型
收费全文 | 312篇 |
免费 | 19篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 3篇 |
儿科学 | 11篇 |
妇产科学 | 6篇 |
基础医学 | 37篇 |
口腔科学 | 5篇 |
临床医学 | 44篇 |
内科学 | 52篇 |
皮肤病学 | 14篇 |
神经病学 | 17篇 |
特种医学 | 4篇 |
外科学 | 29篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 42篇 |
眼科学 | 14篇 |
药学 | 21篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 28篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 6篇 |
2021年 | 15篇 |
2020年 | 8篇 |
2019年 | 6篇 |
2018年 | 21篇 |
2017年 | 5篇 |
2016年 | 8篇 |
2015年 | 12篇 |
2014年 | 13篇 |
2013年 | 17篇 |
2012年 | 25篇 |
2011年 | 33篇 |
2010年 | 17篇 |
2009年 | 11篇 |
2008年 | 19篇 |
2007年 | 21篇 |
2006年 | 9篇 |
2005年 | 6篇 |
2004年 | 12篇 |
2003年 | 8篇 |
2002年 | 12篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 1篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1962年 | 1篇 |
1961年 | 1篇 |
1949年 | 1篇 |
1948年 | 2篇 |
1947年 | 1篇 |
1945年 | 1篇 |
1942年 | 3篇 |
1941年 | 1篇 |
1940年 | 3篇 |
1939年 | 1篇 |
1938年 | 2篇 |
1937年 | 1篇 |
1934年 | 1篇 |
1933年 | 1篇 |
1932年 | 1篇 |
1931年 | 3篇 |
1930年 | 1篇 |
1929年 | 1篇 |
1924年 | 2篇 |
1922年 | 1篇 |
1914年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有331条查询结果,搜索用时 140 毫秒
11.
Spatial aspects of oncogenic signalling determine the response to combination therapy in slice explants from Kras‐driven lung tumours
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《The Journal of pathology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Katja Närhi Ashwini S Nagaraj Elina Parri Riku Turkki Petra W van Duijn Annabrita Hemmes Jenni Lahtela Virva Uotinen Mikko I Mäyränpää Kaisa Salmenkivi Jari Räsänen Nina Linder Jan Trapman Antti Rannikko Olli Kallioniemi Taija M Af Hällström Johan Lundin Wolfgang Sommergruber Simon Anders Emmy W Verschuren 《The Journal of pathology》2018,245(1):101-113
A key question in precision medicine is how functional heterogeneity in solid tumours informs therapeutic sensitivity. We demonstrate that spatial characteristics of oncogenic signalling and therapy response can be modelled in precision‐cut slices from Kras‐driven non‐small‐cell lung cancer with varying histopathologies. Unexpectedly, profiling of in situ tumours demonstrated that signalling stratifies mostly according to histopathology, showing enhanced AKT and SRC activity in adenosquamous carcinoma, and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity in adenocarcinoma. In addition, high intertumour and intratumour variability was detected, particularly of MAPK and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 activity. Using short‐term treatment of slice explants, we showed that cytotoxic responses to combination MAPK and phosphoinositide 3‐kinase–mTOR inhibition correlate with the spatially defined activities of both pathways. Thus, whereas genetic drivers determine histopathology spectra, histopathology‐associated and spatially variable signalling activities determine drug sensitivity. Our study is in support of spatial aspects of signalling heterogeneity being considered in clinical diagnostic settings, particularly to guide the selection of drug combinations. © 2018 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 相似文献
12.
Marie Tarrant RN MPH PhD Kendra M. Wu BSc MSc MMedSc Daniel Y. T. Fong PhD Irene L. Y. Lee RN RM MHA MPHC Emmy M. Y. Wong RN MN PhD Alice Sham RN RM MSc MBA Christine Lam RN RM MMW IBCLC Joan E. Dodgson RN MPH PhD 《分娩》2011,38(3):238-245
Abstract: Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) developed the Baby‐Friendly Hospital Initiative to improve hospital maternity care practices that support breastfeeding. In Hong Kong, although no hospitals have yet received the Baby‐Friendly status, efforts have been made to improve breastfeeding support. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of Baby‐Friendly hospital practices on breastfeeding duration. Methods: A sample of 1,242 breastfeeding mother‐infant pairs was recruited from four public hospitals in Hong Kong and followed up prospectively for up to 12 months. The primary outcome variable was defined as breastfeeding for 8 weeks or less. Predictor variables included six Baby‐Friendly practices: breastfeeding initiation within 1 hour of birth, exclusive breastfeeding while in hospital, rooming‐in, breastfeeding on demand, no pacifiers or artificial nipples, and information on breastfeeding support groups provided on discharge. Results: Only 46.6 percent of women breastfed for more than 8 weeks, and only 4.8 percent of mothers experienced all six Baby‐Friendly practices. After controlling for all other Baby‐Friendly practices and possible confounding variables, exclusive breastfeeding while in hospital was protective against early breastfeeding cessation (OR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.42–0.88). Compared with mothers who experienced all six Baby‐Friendly practices, those who experienced one or fewer Baby‐Friendly practices were almost three times more likely to discontinue breastfeeding (OR: 3.13; 95% CI: 1.41–6.95). Conclusions: Greater exposure to Baby‐Friendly practices would substantially increase new mothers’ chances of breastfeeding beyond 8 weeks postpartum. To further improve maternity care practices in hospitals, institutional and administrative support are required to ensure all mothers receive adequate breastfeeding support in accordance with WHO guidelines. (BIRTH 38:3 September 2011) 相似文献
13.
Background
Many patients are dissatisfied with the way in which their complaints about health care are dealt with. This study tested the assumption that this dissatisfaction consists – in part at least – of unmet expectations. 相似文献14.
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) encodes a cyclin D homolog, K cyclin, that is thought to promote viral oncogenesis. However, expression of K cyclin in cultured cells not only triggers cell cycle progression but also engages the p53 tumor suppressor pathway, which probably restricts the oncogenic potential of K cyclin. Therefore, to assess the tumorigenic properties of K cyclin in vivo, we transgenically targeted expression of K cyclin to the B and T lymphocyte compartments via the E micro promoter/enhancer. Around 17% of E micro -K cyclin animals develop lymphoma by 9 months of age, and all such lymphomas exhibit loss of p53. A critical role of p53 in suppressing K cyclin-induced lymphomagenesis was confirmed by the greatly accelerated onset of B and T lymphomagenesis in all E micro -K cyclin/p53(-/-) mice. However, absence of p53 did not appear to accelerate K cyclin-induced lymphomagenesis by averting apoptosis: E micro -K cyclin/p53(-/-) end-stage lymphomas contained abundant apoptotic cells, and transgenic E micro -K cyclin/p53(-/-) lymphocytes in vitro were not measurably protected from DNA damage-induced apoptosis compared with E micro -K cyclin/p53(wt) cells. Notably, whereas aneuploidy was frequently evident in pre-lymphomatous tissues, end-stage E micro -K cyclin/p53(-/-) tumors showed a near-diploid DNA content with no aberrant centrosome numbers. Nonetheless, such tumor cells did harbor more restricted genomic alterations, such as single-copy chromosome losses or gains or high-level amplifications. Together, our data support a model in which K cyclin-induced genome instability arises early in the pre-tumorigenic lymphocyte population and that loss of p53 licenses subsequent expansion of tumorigenic clones. 相似文献
15.
Intensive care information system reduces documentation time of the nurses after cardiothoracic surgery 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Bosman RJ Rood E Oudemans-van Straaten HM Van der Spoel JI Wester JP Zandstra DF 《Intensive care medicine》2003,29(1):83-90
OBJECTIVE: Nowadays, registration of patient data on paper is gradually being replaced by registration using an intensive care information system (ICIS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the use of an ICIS on nursing activity. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial with a crossover design. SETTING: An 18-bed medical-surgical ICU in a teaching hospital. PATIENTS, NURSES AND INTERVENTIONS: During a 6week period 145 consecutive adult patients admitted to the ICU after uncomplicated cardiothoracic surgery were randomized into two groups: for one group the documentation was carried out using a paper-based registration (Paper), in the second group an ICIS was used for documentation. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The nursing activities for these patients were studied during two separate periods: the admission period and the registration phase (the period directly following the admission procedure). The duration of the admission procedure was measured by time-motion analysis and the nursing activities in the registration phase were studied by work sampling methodology. All nursing activities during the registration phase were grouped in four main categories: patient care, documentation, unit-related and personal time. The duration of the admission procedure was longer in the ICIS group (18.1+/-4.1 versus 16.8+/-3.1 min, p<0.05). In the registration phase, a 30% reduction in documentation time (Paper 20.5% of total nursing time versus ICIS 14.4%, p<0.001), corresponding to 29 min (per 8h nursing shift) was achieved. This time was completely re-allocated to patient care. CONCLUSIONS: The use of the present ICIS in patients after cardiothoracic surgery alters nursing activity; it reduces the time for documentation and increases the time devoted to patient care. Electronic supplementary material: is available if you access this article at http://dx.org/10.1007/s00134-002-1542-9. On that page (frame on the left side), a link takes you directly to the supplementary material. 相似文献
16.
Mohamed ABDEL‐DAIM Yoko FUNASAKA Mari KOMOTO Yoko NAKAGAWA Emmy YANAGITA Chikako NISHIGORI 《The Journal of dermatology》2010,37(7):635-646
We have previously shown that ectopic expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 1 in melanocytes is essential for both development and in vivo growth of melanoma using newly developed transgenic mice which conditionally express metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 1 (mGluR1). In this study, we developed conditional transgenic mice, which harbor melanocytes not only in the dermis and hair follicles but also in the epidermis using stem cell factor transgenic mice. Pigmented plaques on the backs, tails, ears or groins of the transgenic mice began to appear 13 weeks after activation of the mGluR1 transgene, and the transgenic mice produced melanomas at a frequency of 100% 36 weeks after transgene activation. Although this transgenic mouse harbors melanocytes in the epidermis, proliferation of melanoma cells took place in the dermis. To elucidate the signals involved in development and growth of melanoma, inhibitors to phospholipase C, protein kinase C and mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase 1/2, and antagonists to Ca2+ and calmodulin were administrated to transgenic mice. Each signal inhibitor to phospholipase, protein kinase C, Ca2+ release, calmodulin and mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 inhibited melanoma development. However, once melanoma was developed, the growth of melanoma was dramatically inhibited only by the inhibitor to mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 with partial inhibition by inhibitors to protein kinase C and phospholipase C. This inhibition of melanoma growth was well correlated with the expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 and Ki‐67. These results indicate that for development of melanoma, activation of every signaling pathway from mGluR1 is required. However, for growth of melanoma, the extracellular signal‐regulated kinase pathway plays a key role. 相似文献
17.
Sandra van Dulmen Emmy Sluijs Liset van Dijk Denise de Ridder Rob Heerdink Jozien Bensing the International Expert Forum on Patient Adherence 《BMC health services research》2008,8(1):47
Background
As the problem of patient non-adherence persists and a solution appears hard to be found, it continues to be important to look for new ways to further the issue. We recently conducted a meta-review of adherence intervention studies which yielded a preliminary agenda for future research, practice and theory development in patient adherence. The objective of the present project was to find out to what extent adherence experts consider this agenda relevant and feasible. 相似文献18.
Göllner Emmy Gaupp Th. Vaternahm Oettel Ulrici Bandow 《Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)》1938,17(5):171-173
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
19.
20.
Privatdocent Joachim Brock cand. med. Emmy Stemmler 《European journal of pediatrics》1931,51(3):322-339
Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 5 Textabbildungen. 相似文献