热舒适的生理机制

目的为室内人工空调温度参数的设定及热舒适度提供实验证据.方法分别观察不同空调温度对大鼠下丘脑部位多巴胺神经元活动及体温的影响.结果当空调温度为28 ℃时,下丘脑多巴胺(DA)代谢产物--双羟苯乙酸(DOPAC)水平和体温在记录的1 h内保持不变.与此相比较: 1.当空调温度高于28 ℃时, DOPAC水平逐渐增加,当空调温度低于27 ℃时,DOPAC水平逐渐降低;2.当空调温度为26 ℃、27 ℃、28 ℃、29 ℃时,大鼠体温能够保持相对恒定.当空调温度高于29 ℃时,体温逐渐增加;当空调温度低于26 ℃时,体温逐渐降低.结论麻醉状态下的大鼠在空调温度为28℃时,体温调节活动处于最佳状态.     

超声心动图对主动脉窦瘤破裂合并畸形的诊断价值

目的 评价超声心动图对主动脉窦瘤破裂合并畸形的诊断价值，探讨漏诊原因，以提高诊断阳性率。方法 回顾分析23例主动脉窦瘤破裂合并畸形的超声心动图特征，比较超声心动图与手术诊断结果。结果 超声心动图对主动脉窦瘤破裂合并畸形诊断符合率为86．95％（20／23），漏诊率为13．04％（3／23）。结论 超声心动图检查对诊断主动脉窦瘤破裂合并畸形有重要的临床价值，全面掌握超声知识，仔细认真地检查可避免漏诊。     

浅谈电子文档的原始性和真实性及法律证据作用

该文针对电子文件或档案的原始性真实性与电子档案的法律证据作用,参考了最新的研究结果,并提出了自己的思考,逐步探讨了它们的涵义及关系.     

胃癌根治术病人围术期异体输血后外周血单核细胞CD40L表达的变化

目的 研究胃癌根治术病人围手术期异体输血外周血单核细胞(PBMCs)白细胞分化抗原40配体(CD40L)表达的变化。方法 胃癌根治术病人30例,随机分为3组,每组10例。A组围术期不输血,B组围术期输入去白细胞的全血,C组围术期输入异体全血。另选10例健康人作为对照。分别在手术前、术后2、5、10 d采外周静脉血5 ml,用Ficoll分离液梯度离心法分离出PBMCs和血浆,将PBMCs置于自身血浆环境中,并在植物血凝素(PHA,20 mg/L)的刺激下进行培养,48 h后收获细胞,用流式细胞术检测CD40L表达。结果 健康人外周血未受PHA刺激时检测不到CD40L的表达,经PHA刺激后CD40L 细胞占CD4 T细胞的百分数为1.7％±0.4％,与三组胃癌病人术前比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。与术前比较,B组术后2 d PBMCs CD40L表达升高(P<0.05),C组术后各时点升高(P<0.05);与A组比较,B组术后2 d升高(P<0.05),C组术后各时点升高(P<0.05);与B组比较,C组术后各时点升高(P<0.05)。结论 围手术期异体输血可造成免疫抑制,输异体血后CD40L表达增加,且输全血比输去白细胞的全血更明显。围手术期成分输血优于输注全血。     

A novel access method for endovascular procedures in the porcine model

Objective To evaluate the use of the saphenous artery as an alternative access for endovascular procedures in the porcine model. Methods Fourteen adult pigs (25-35kg) were used in this study, 3 pigs from an acute study and 11 from chronic studies. A 2-3 cm incision was made and a saphenous artery cutdown was performed in 24 sides. Micropunc ture sets (Boston Scientific) or 18 G puncture needles were used to access the artery. Different sizes of introducers (4-7F) were used to establish endovascular access. Angiographic catheters were then used to confirm if the access was usable. Four saphenous arteries were explanted in the pigs from a chronic study 4 to 28 days after surgical procedure. Results The saphenous artery was very easy to expose and 4-5 F introducer sheaths were able to be inserted to establish access for endovascular procedures in the pigs. The saphenous artery was unable to accomodate an introducer with a size larger than 6 F. Four saphenous arteries were injured when 5 and 6 F introducers were used, but angiographic procedures could still be performed. Morphologic evaluation of the explanted arteries demonstrated occlusion of the saphenous arteries without injury or disruption of the adjacent femoral arteries. Conclusion The saphenous artery can be used as an access site in pigs for angiographic and interventional procedures if the catheter size is less than 6 F. This vessel is easier to access and can preserve the femoral artery for repeat procedures in the future.     

脑干、三叉神经及大脑动脉环的可视化研究

目的 建立人体脑干、三叉神经及大脑动脉环的可视化数字模型。方法 采用首例中国数字化可视人体数据集，在SGI工作站上对脑干及其周围毗邻结构进行计算机三维重建并立体显示。结果 获得人体脑干、三叉神经及大脑动脉环等器官组织的三维重建结构，可对其进行任意径线和角度的适时三维测量。结论 首例中国数字化可视人体数据集能够提供完整而精确的解剖断面数据，脑干及其毗邻的三叉神经、大脑动脉环的可视化模型准确反映出该区域复杂的解剖学结构特点及其相邻器官间的空间毗邻关系，可为该区域的疾病的影像诊断和外科治疗提供形态学依据。     

Rosiglitazone down-regulates lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of CD40 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells through a NF-κB dependent mechanism

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism by which PPARγ ligand, rosiglitasone, regulates the expression of CD40 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in the rat peritoneal mesothelial cells (RPMCs) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods RPMCs were harvested from Sprague-Dawley rat peritoneal cavity and maintained under defined in vitro conditions. The cells were randomly divided into groups as follows: medium, LPS (5 mg/L), LPS (5 mg/L)+BAY11-7085(5 μmol/L, NF-κB inhibitor), rosiglitazone (10 μmol/L or 20 μmol/L, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ activator), LPS (5 mg/L)+rosiglitazone (10 μmol/L)+GW9662 (3 μmol/L, peroxisome proliferator-aetivatcd receptor γ antagonist), and LPS (5 mg/L)+vehicle (DMSO 0.2 ml/L). The expressions of CD40 and ICAM-1 RNA in RPMCs were examined by RT-PCR after 3 hour treatment, and the protein expressions of CD40, ICAM-1, p-NF-κB p65 and p-IκBα were examined by Western blot or immunofluorescence after 24 hour treatment. Results Following treatment with LPS, both the expressions of CD40 and ICAM-1 protein in RPMCs were up-regulated significantly (P<0.05), and the phosphoralation of p65 was increased greatly (1.10±0.17 vs 0.55±0.06, P<0.05). BAY11-7085 (5 μmol/L) significantly decreased the protein expression of p-p65 (0.22±0.11 vs 1.10±0.17, P<0.01), CD40 (0.34±0.02 vs 0.50±0.06, P<0.05) and ICAM-1 (0.35±0.16 vs 0.74±0.03, P<0.05). Pretreated with rosiglitazone for 3 h then added with LPS for 1 h, the levels of p-p65, CD40 and ICAM-1 in RPMCs were significantly decreased compared with those of LPS group (0.77±0.08 vs 0.90±0.10, P相似文献   

经后路钛网椎板成形侧块内固定术治疗脊髓型颈椎病的疗效观察

目的 观察后路钛网椎板成形侧块内固定加植骨术治疗脊髓型颈椎病的临床效果。方法 自1999年至今，共有16例脊髓型颈椎病患者经后路钛网椎板成形侧块内固定加植骨术治疗，对治疗结果进行临床及X线评定。结果 通过平均2年5个月的随访，所有病例都得到了改善，其中优6例、良8例、可2例，优良率为93．8％；术后椎管矢状径平均增加4．2mm，钛网无位置变化，并已被再生骨固定。结论 在进行后路减压的同时，钛网椎板成形及侧块内固定，尤其适用于有节段性不稳的脊髓型颈椎病并椎管狭窄、后纵韧带骨化症的治疗。     

生物型人工硬脑膜应用的实验研究

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a dural graft prepared using porcine membrane in duraplasty. METHODS: Eighteen New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into groups A (n=4), B (n=4), C (n=5), and D (n=5) sacrificed 3, 14, 30 and 90 d after duraplasty, respectively. Each animal underwent bilateral parietal craniectomy behind the coronal suture and beside the midline to expose the dura, which was cut on the right side and substituted with the dural graft. The exposed dura on the left was kept intact as control. The rabbits were observed for WBC counts before the operation and before sacrifice by transcardiac formalin perfusion, respectively. The meninges and brain tissues were histologically examined after sacrifice. RESULTS: The WBC count varied little after the operation (P>0.05). Microscopic examination demonstrated tissue repair on both the implantation side and control side, without graft adhesion to the cortical surface. In group A, a large number of leukocytes were seen gathering on the lateral dura, suggesting acute tissue repair. In group B, endothelial cells covering the inner surface of the graft could be seen. Fibroblasts and fibrocytes were seen in the grafts between collagen fibers in group C, and in group D, fibroblasts and fibrocytes increased between the collagen fibers and the suture healed. CONCLUSION: The dura graft is safe and applicable for dural defect repair.     

蜂毒素微球经动脉介入治疗大鼠肝癌的实验研究

目的:观察蜂毒素微球(M-MS)经动脉介入对大鼠肝癌的治疗作用.方法:采用改良的复乳-液中干燥法制备蜂毒素-聚乳酸/羟乙酸微球,建立大鼠移植性肝癌模型并随机分为四组,分别经肝动脉灌注生理盐水(NS,1.5ml/kg)、蜂毒素(Melittin,0.35mg/kg)、空白微球(B-MS,10mg/kg)和蜂毒素-聚乳酸/羟乙酸微球(10mg/kg).比较治疗后各组大鼠的肿瘤生长情况、肿瘤坏死程度和生存时间.结果:与生理盐水组比较,Melittin组、B-MS组肿瘤生长受到明显抑制(P<0.01),肿瘤坏死程度以轻中度为主,但两组动物生存时间均未能明显延长(P>0.05).M-MS组与NS组、Melittin组及B-MS组相比,肿瘤生长抑制显著(P<0.01),肿瘤坏死更广泛、更彻底,且经蜂毒素微球治疗的大鼠生存期显著延长(P<0.01).结论:蜂毒素以药物微球的剂型经肝动脉给药,抗肿瘤效果明显优于单纯的蜂毒素和空白微球.