Cytological findings of ROS1‐rearranged lung adenocarcinoma

ROS1‐rearranged lung adenocarcinoma has been recently identified. We report a case of ROS1‐rearranged lung adenocarcinoma with special emphasis on cytological findings. Here, we report a case of young woman with ROS1‐rearranged lung adenocarcinoma diagnosed by cytology and discuss the clinical, cytological, and molecular findings. Cytologically, the tumor consisted of small tight clusters of cells with high nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio. Nuclei were enlarged and small nucleoli were occasionally observed. Signet‐ring cells were focally identified. Neoplastic cells were positive for ROS1 immunocytochemistry. Subsequently, the translocation of ROS1 gene was confirmed in a histological specimen. In conclusion, the specific histology of adenocarcinoma on cytological materials should promote testing for ROS1 immunohistochemistry. Immunocytochemical detection of ROS1 protein helps identify patients suitable for molecular targeted therapy.     

Simultaneous transfer of mitochondrial DNA and single chromosomes in somatic cells: a novel approach for the study of defects in nuclear- mitochondrial communication

The assembly and function of respiratory-competent mitochondria in eukaryotic cells depends on collaboration between the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, but the molecular mechanisms underlying such cross-talk are poorly understood. Microcell-mediated chromosome transfer has been used to transfer intact chromosomes from one mammalian cell to another, helping to map loci implicated in different diseases and in the senescence process. In the present work, we show that microcells have a significant number of mitochondria which can be transferred to another cell simultaneously with a limited number of chromosomes. By fusing microcells from a colon carcinoma cell line with a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-less osteosarcoma cell line, we were able to isolate transmitochondrial hybrids containing only one of three selectable chromosomes and mtDNA from the donor cell. The proportion of transmitochondrial hybrids containing one chromosomal marker with respect to the total transmitochondrial hybrids and cybrids was approximately 1% and no hybrids were isolated containing more than one nuclear marker. The genetic data correlated well with the composition and structure of the microcell preparations, which showed the presence of cytoplast-like structures and microcells containing mitochondria surrounding the micronuclei. Microcell-mediated mtDNA and chromosome transfer can be used to identify nuclear factors implicated in mtDNA maintenance and gene expression, as well as to investigate nuclear factors which modulate clinical phenotypes in mitochondrial disorders.      

以精神障碍为首发症状的抗mGluR5脑炎1例

本文目的是通过报道一例罕见的以精神障碍为首发症状的抗代谢型谷氨酸受体5(mGluR5)脑炎患者的临床诊疗过程,为临床识别和诊断提供参考。一例38岁的男性患者,以咽痛为前驱症状,记忆力快速下降,伴焦虑抑郁、易激惹及冲动伤人精神运动性兴奋,病程进行性加重,最严重时意识呈浅昏迷状态,认知功能进一步下降,伴幻觉妄想,自知力缺乏,脑脊液和血清抗mGluR5抗体均强阳性（1∶100）。先后两次使用激素冲击治疗后,患者意识、认知功能、情绪、精神行为等均有改善。     

止咳清肺口服液对25例慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者痰液炎症细胞白细胞介素8、肿瘤坏死因子α的影响

目的:观察中药止咳清肺口服液治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)气道炎症的效果.方法:50例稳定期COPD患者随机分成治疗组25例,对照组25例.两组氧疗、强心、利尿、止咳平喘等常规治疗相同.治疗组加止咳清肺口服液20ml,每日3次,连服6周.治疗前后记录临床症状计分,检测肺功能、痰液炎症细胞计数、分类和白细胞介素8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的变化.结果:治疗组临床症状计分、1秒钟用力呼吸容积(FEV1)和FEV1/用力肺活量(FVC)均有明显改善(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),而对照组治疗前后变化不明显.痰液中的细胞总数、中性粒细胞和IL-8、TNF-α水平比治疗前均有显著下降(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),而对照组下降不明显.结论:止咳清肺口服液治疗COPD气道炎症疗效明显.     

Effect of blending sewage sludge with coal on combustion and ash slagging behavior

Blending sewage sludge (SS) with Zhundong coal (ZDC) for combustion in coal-fired power plants is a recent approach that can alleviate the shortage of high-quality coal resources and achieve the harmless treatment of SS, while also having a significant influence on combustion and ash slagging. Due to the high content of alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) in ZDC, its combustion ash has a strong likelihood of slagging. This study aims to investigate the effect of blending SS with ZDC on combustion and ash slagging. Thermogravimetry (TG) results indicate that blending with SS could lower the ignition and burnout temperatures of ZDC. With an increase in the ratio of sludge, the comprehensive combustion index (S) first increases and then decreases, showing that blending SS with ZDC in an appropriate proportion could improve the overall combustion. Through the analysis of the interaction, it is confirmed that SS and ZDC could complement each other during co-combustion due to their different components. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) was used to test the ash components of different blending ratios (10–30%) and combustion temperatures (800–1100 °C). Slagging indices including alkali acid ratio (B/A), silicon ratio (G), and silica–alumina ratio (SiO₂/Al₂O₃) were also calculated. The results suggest that the slagging behavior of ZDC is greatly reduced even if the blending ratio is only 10%. However, with an increase in the blending ratio, the effect on slagging gradually weakens. Considering the dual influence of SS blending on combustion and slagging, this study assumes the optimal blending ratio of 20%. Influenced by the components of the combustion ash, B/A and SiO₂/Al₂O₃ are more suitable for evaluating the slagging tendency of ash; however, there is great deviation in the results for G. This research is beneficial to coal-fired power plants for the selection of operation parameters during co-combustion with SS.

Blending sewage sludge (SS) with Zhundong coal (ZDC) for combustion in coal-fired power plants is a recent approach that can alleviate the shortage of high-quality coal resources and achieve the harmless treatment of SS, while also having a significant influence on combustion and ash slagging.     

电针膝眼穴治疗膝骨性关节炎的临床研究

为观察电针膝眼穴治疗膝骨性关节炎的临床疗效与安全性，将60例膝关节OA患者随机分两组。电针组予电针膝眼穴治疗，扶他林组予口服扶他林缓释片，采用西安大略和麦克马斯特骨关节炎调查量表（WOMAC）进行评估。结果显示，治疗4周后，两组的WOMAC总积分、僵硬与功能积分下降明显（P〈0．0．5），疼痛积分下降无明显差异（P〉0．05）；电针组不良反应发生率显著低于扶他林组（P〈0．05）。结论表明，电针膝眼穴治疗膝关节骨关节炎有显著疗效厦安全性良好。其在僵硬和功能的改善上明显优于扶他林缓释片。     

利多卡因对造影剂及胰管结扎所致兔胰腺炎动物模型的影响

目的:探讨利多卡因对兔胰管括约肌压力和造影剂及胰管结扎相关胰腺炎的影响.方法:日本大耳兔24只随机分为4组,每组6只.采用300 g/L的泛影葡胺0.5 mL/kg经兔胰管内逆行注射 胰管阻塞的方法造模.Ⅰ,Ⅱ组造模前分别用利多卡因或蒸馏水在胰管远端括约肌处进行局部喷洒,观察其对于兔胰管括约肌压力的影响及术后24 h胰腺病理形态学研究.Ⅲ组只进行胰管括约肌测压,Ⅳ组为对照组,只做开腹术.结果:术前利多卡因乳头局部喷洒组与蒸馏水喷洒组相比,术后24 h胰头部分的病理组织学评分结果表明胰腺的病理改变主要表现为轻微的水肿和炎细胞浸润,其水肿、炎细胞浸润、出血以及坏死的程度显著减轻(水肿:0.83±0.75 vs 2.83±0.41:炎细胞浸润:1.33±0.52 vs 3.00±0.00:出血:0.00±0.00 vs 0.67±0.52:坏死:0.17±0.41 vs 1.50±0.55,均P<0.05).利多卡因乳头局部喷洒组与蒸馏水喷洒组及单纯测压组相比,利多卡因可显著降低胰管括约肌压力,差异有统计学意义(19.98±6.47 vs 34.77±8-36,32.67±7.79,均P<0.05).结论:利多卡因在胰管远端括约肌的乳头部喷洒,可以明显降低括约肌压力,有效预防造影剂及胰管结扎所致胰腺炎.     

Association between sensitization to Aureobasidium pullulans (Pullularia sp) and severity of asthma.

BACKGROUND: Recent data indicate that fungi may contribute to increased severity of asthma. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of allergy to 15 mold allergens among patients hospitalized because of exacerbation of asthma and to evaluate the relationship between the severity of the disease and allergy to particular molds. METHODS: Skin prick tests with standard aeroallergens of airborne allergens, including grass, tree, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, feather, and cat and dog fur, and a panel of mold allergens, including Alternaria, Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Trichothecium, Chaetomium globosum, Epicoccum, Epidermophyton, Helminthosporium, Aureobasidium pullulans, Rhizopus nigricans, Fusarium, Mucor, Merulius lacrymans, and yeast mix, were performed in 105 asthmatic patients and 30 controls. RESULTS: Positive skin prick test results were found in 98% of asthmatic patients and 66% of controls. Sensitivity to A pullulans was significantly associated with more severe asthma (odds ratio, 1.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.09-1.75; P = .006). Sensitization to Helminthosporium was associated with an increased number of asthma exacerbations that required hospitalization (17% vs 38%; chi2 test P = .03). CONCLUSION: Sensitization to A pullulans is a risk factor for severe asthma. Sensitization to Helminthosporium may be related to asthma exacerbation that requires hospitalization.