新冠肺炎患者焦虑症状及相关因素

目的:调查新冠肺炎患者的焦虑症状并分析相关因素。方法:新冠肺炎患者108例,采用自编一般资料调查表、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)、简易应对方式量表(SCSQ)进行调查。结果:GAD-7总分(10.3±4.5)分。对GAD-7各条目进行秩和检验发现,有焦虑症状患者的GAD-7得分大于无焦虑症状患者(P<0.05)。GAD-7总分与积极应对得分呈负相关(r=-0.44,P<0.001),与消极应对得分呈正相.关(r=0.31,P<0.01)。二分类logistic回归分析显示,有发热症状、有接触史是焦虑症状的危险因素(OR=33.40、18.13),男性、积极应对是焦虑症状的保护因素(OR=0.02、0.03)。结论:新冠肺炎患者为女性、出现发热、有接触史时其焦虑症状越严重。     

Allogeneic Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell immunotherapy exhibits promising clinical safety and prolongs the survival of patients with late-stage lung or liver cancer

Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are promising candidates for cellular tumor immunotherapy. Due to their HLA-independent mode of action, allogeneic Vγ9Vδ2 T cells can be considered for clinical application. To apply allogeneic Vγ9Vδ2 T cells in adoptive immunotherapy, the methodology used to obtain adequate cell numbers with optimal effector function in vitro needs to be optimized, and clinical safety and efficacy also need to be proven. Therefore, we developed a novel formula to improve the expansion of peripheral γδ T cells from healthy donors. Then, we used a humanized mouse model to validate the therapeutic efficacy of expanded γδ T cells in vivo; furthermore, the expanded γδ T cells were adoptively transferred into late-stage liver and lung cancer patients. We found that the expanded cells possessed significantly improved immune effector functions, including proliferation, differentiation, and cancer cell killing, both in vitro and in the humanized mouse model. Furthermore, a phase I clinical trial in 132 late-stage cancer patients with a total of 414 cell infusions unequivocally validated the clinical safety of allogeneic Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. Among these 132 patients, 8 liver cancer patients and 10 lung cancer patients who received ≥5 cell infusions showed greatly prolonged survival, which preliminarily verified the efficacy of allogeneic Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell therapy. Our clinical studies underscore the safety and efficacy of allogeneic Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell immunotherapy, which will inspire further clinical investigations and eventually benefit cancer patients.     

延迟自体乳房重建术对上肢淋巴水肿治疗效果的系统评价

目的 系统评价延迟自体乳房重建术治疗上肢淋巴水肿的效果。方法 检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、Embase、Scopus、Web of Science数据库,搜集关于延迟自体乳房重建术对上肢淋巴水肿治疗效果的研究,检索时间为建库至2020年6月。由2名研究员独立筛选符合标准的文献并进行数据提取,采用澳大利亚JBI循证卫生保健中心的文献质量评价工具对纳入文献质量进行评价,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果 纳入11篇文献,其中6篇纳入定量合成分析,Meta分析结果显示,64.8%（95%CI,0.32~0.88）的患者无论是否接受淋巴结移植,进行乳房重建术后淋巴水肿均有所改善。亚组分析结果显示,84.4%（95%CI,0.72~0.92）的患者在接受乳房重建术和淋巴结移植后淋巴水肿有所改善,而仅有21.9%（95%CI,0.14~0.33）的患者在只接受乳房重建术后淋巴水肿有所改善。结论 延迟自体乳房重建术可以改善乳腺癌患者术后上肢淋巴水肿,其中淋巴结移植可能是促进淋巴水肿改善的因素。     

染料木素通过TIPE 2负性调控Akt活性促进脂多糖活化的巨噬细胞凋亡

目的探究染料木素(genistein,GEN)对脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)活化的RAW264.7细胞凋亡的影响及其可能的药理学作用机制。方法GEN预孵育RAW264.7细胞或慢病毒介导的肿瘤坏死因子α诱导蛋白8样分子2(tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein 8-like 2,TIPE 2)过表达细胞2 h,再与LPS共孵育24 h,采用CCK 8试剂盒检测细胞活力,Annexin V-FITC/PI试剂盒检测细胞凋亡水平,qRT-PCR检测TNF-α、IL-6、caspase-8、caspase-3和TIPE 2 mRNA,Western blot检测iNOS、COX-2、caspase-8、caspase-3、TIPE 2、Akt和p-Akt蛋白表达。结果LPS促进RAW264.7细胞TNF-α、IL-6、iNOS、COX-2合成;GEN抑制LPS活化的RAW264.7细胞活力,凋亡细胞增多,并上调caspase-8、caspase-3、TIPE 2 mRNA及蛋白表达;TIPE 2过表达上调活化RAW264.7细胞caspase-8、caspase-3 mRNA及蛋白表达,减少Akt磷酸化,且与GEN具有协同作用。结论GEN可能通过上调TIPE 2抑制Akt活性,激活外源性凋亡途径,促进LPS活化的RAW264.7细胞凋亡。     

分化型甲状腺癌治疗后TgAb变化趋势及其影响因素

目的 探讨分化型甲状腺癌(DTC)中甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TgAb)阳性(＞115 U/ml)患者在手术及¹³¹I治疗后TgAb的变化趋势及其影响因素。方法 纳入118例TgAb阳性患者,分析其手术前、¹³¹I治疗前、¹³¹I治疗后中位随访2.3个月及5.2个月相应时间点TgAb的变化。采用多元线性回归(MLR)观察患者¹³¹I治疗后TgAb下降＞50%所需时间(T₅₀)的影响因素。结果 与前一时间点的TgAb相比,经手术、¹³¹I治疗后中位随访2.3个月和5.2个月TgAb均明显下降(P均=0.000),各阶段降幅＞50%者分别占28.6%、33.3%和37.2%,TgAb转阴率分别为23.4%、48.9%和62.8%。MLR显示,T₅₀仅与¹³¹I治疗距手术时间(B=1.125,P=0.000)有关。结论 手术及¹³¹I治疗可明显降低TgAb阳性DTC患者的TgAb水平。¹³¹I治疗距手术时间对TgAb下降速度有显著影响,术后尽快行¹³¹I治疗有助于TgAb的下降。     

慢性疼痛患者生活质量及其相关因素分析

目的:了解慢性疼痛患者的生活质量状况,并分析其相关影响因素。方法:选取就诊于解放军总医院疼痛科门诊慢性疼痛患者为研究对象,研究工具包括一般资料调查表、简式Mc Gill疼痛问卷(short-form of Mc Gill pain questionnaire,SF-MPQ)及生活质量指数(quality of life index,QL-Index)。结果:1慢性疼痛患者生活质量总分与SF-MPQ总分、感觉项总分、情感项总分、视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、现时疼痛强度(present pain intensity,PPI)、感觉项计数、情感项计数均呈显著负相关(r=-0.195~-0.433));2多元线性逐步回归分析模型可解释慢性疼痛患者生活质量指数改变的88.8%,情感项总分、感觉项总分、VAS评分、感觉项计数、情感项计数、PPI评分对患者生活质量改变有影响,尤其以目前疼痛强度评分对患者生活质量的影响最为显著。结论:慢性疼痛患者的生活质量受其疼痛特征的多重影响,患者目前疼痛强度对其生活质量的影响最为显著。     

超声引导下胎儿心肌壁注射KCl在KCl减胎术中的应用效果

目的 探讨超声引导下胎儿心肌壁注射氯化钾（KCl）在中孕期双绒毛膜双羊膜囊双胎妊娠KCl减胎术中的手术效果。方法 回顾性分析2017年9月至2020年1月安徽医科大学第一附属医院收治的因中孕期双绒毛膜双羊膜囊双胎妊娠伴有双胎之一异常行KCl减胎术的27例孕妇临床资料。根据术中KCl注射部位不同将研究对象分为心腔内注射组（超声引导下胎儿心腔内注射KCl）13例及心肌壁注射组（超声引导下胎儿心肌壁注射KCl）14例。比较两组手术时间、KCl用量和围产儿结局的差异。结果 心腔内注射组手术时间为（33.69±2.46）min,长于心肌壁注射组的（19.86±1.51）min,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;心腔内注射组KCl用量为（6.00±0.71）mL,多于心肌壁注射组的（2.79±0.54）mL,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;分娩28天后电话随访,两组孕妇的分娩孕周及新生儿体质量比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 在中孕期KCl减胎术中,心肌壁注射KCl较传统的心腔内注射KCl手术耗时更少,KCl用量更少,且不影响保留胎儿的分娩孕周及新生儿出生体质量。     

肺浸润性黏液腺癌1例报告及文献复习

目的：探讨肺浸润性黏液腺癌（IMAs）患者的临床特征、诊断方法和治疗过程,提高临床医生对IMAs的认识。方法：收集1例IMAs患者的一般资料、影像学表现和治疗方案,并进行相关文献复习。结果：患者,女性,42岁,因咳嗽和咳痰入院,CT检查显示双肺斑片状影,因疑似双肺肺炎行抗感染治疗后症状未见好转,经支气管镜肺活检术（TBLB）及胸水脱落细胞检测结果均为炎性表现,后经皮穿刺活检病理回报为IMAs。基因检测结果为KRAS外显子2点突变。行紫杉醇加卡铂并联合应用血管靶向药物贝伐珠单抗化疗后,患者临床症状明显改善,肺部影像学表现明显改变。结论：IMAs是一种特殊病理类型的肺腺癌（ADCs）,该类患者影像学表现多样,基因表达特殊,治疗原则与其他类型ADCs不同。     

庄河市医疗机构设备配置及医疗环境现况调查

目的了解庄河市内各级医疗机构医疗器械配置现状,探究该市现行的医疗卫生政策、会诊中心、远程平台建设、使用及相关医保政策对本地医疗资源配置的原始作用,为该地区开展国产创新医疗设备的推广应用提供科学、合理的理论依据。方法采用"辽宁省创新诊疗设备区域应用示范项目"统一制定的访谈提纲与庄河市卫计局(包含医保部门)、二、三级医疗机构主管医疗设备配置、医疗卫生信息、会诊中心建设、医保政策等相关方面的相关领导进行面对面的交流、访谈。结果庄河市医疗器械配置上仍存在较大缺口,尤其是资金短缺的一级医疗机构;当地医保政策方面严格执行大连市制定标准,暂无其他政策引导支持;目前已完成了医联体及相关远程会诊中心的建设,但使用情况良莠不齐。结论就目前状况来看,庄河市医疗资源配置情况不容乐观,有必要加快推进"辽宁省创新诊疗设备区域应用示范项目"在本地区的实施,促进国产医疗设备向基层医院的投放,改善医疗环境,提升区域整体医疗服务能力和水平。     

Polymorphism in exons CpG rich regions of the cyp17-II gene affecting its mRNA expression and reproductive endocrine levels in female Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

Cytochrome P450c17-II (cyp17-II) gene is an important factor affecting the growth, gonad differentiation and development, and other reproductive traits of fish. There are three CpG rich regions in the coding region of cyp17-II gene in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). The aim of this study was to understand whether mutations in exons of the cyp17-II gene occured at CpG sites, and mutations and methylation status of those CpG sites were involved in regulation of the expression level of cyp17-II gene and the reproductive endocrine of Japanese flounder. The results showed that three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. SNP1 [(c. G594A (p.Gly 188Arg)] located in exon 4 of L1 locus, and SNP2 (c.A939G) and SNP3 (c.C975T) of L2 locus located in CpG rich region of the exon 6 of cyp17-II gene. Furthermore, the A to G transition at 939 bp position added a new methylation site to the cyp17-II coding region. According to multiple-comparison analysis, two loci (L1 and L2) were significantly associated with serum testosterone (T) level (P < 0.05) and the expression of cyp17-II in ovary (P < 0.01). Intriguingly, individuals with GG genotype of L2 locus containing eight CpG methylation sites had significantly lower serum testosterone level and cyp17-II mRNA expression than those with AA genotype containing seven CpG methylation sites. Moreover, the CpG site was highly methylated (?77.8%) at 938 bp position of individuals with GG genotype of L2 locus. These implied that the mutation and methylation status of the coding region of cyp17-II could influence the gene expression and the reproductive endocrine levels in female Japanese flounder and L2 locus could be regarded as a candidate genetic or epigenetic marker for Japanese flounder breeding programs.